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1、基于JAVA 语言的网络教学环境教学研究吴 旭（江苏教育学院信息技术系，南京 210032） 摘 要：研究基于网络教学环境下JAVA 语言的教学，以JAVA 案例等为载体，以基础知识讲述为主体，来构建师生交互的网络环境平台，从而实现了学生个性发展和主动学习的要求。 关键词：网络环境 教学设计 教学研究 当前通过网络以网站为主要表现形态的信息呈现、传递和加工、处理模式蓬勃发展。这种模式结合了计算机、多媒体、网络等多种现代信息技术，它为教师提供了一个灵活的教学空间，也为学生提供了开放的、个性化的学习环境。一、基于 JAVA 语言的网络教学目标设计网络环境教学和传统的课堂教学时不相同的。本文所进行的
2、网络教学并不脱离课堂教学，基础知识和重要知识点的讲述都要在课堂上进行。网络环境下的教学和函授以及完全网络教学是不相同的。网络教学环境可以为师生的教学活动提供师生，生生沟通的纽带，并且提供广阔的空间，根据全日制职业教育的特征，网络环境是师生相互交流的平台，它可以提高和巩固知识，还可以作为对学生大班授课的补充，尊重学生的个性。二、基于 JAVA 语言的网络教学内容设计软件专业班开设了多门程序设计语言，各种程序设计语言在标识符、基本语法以及在程序流程控制语句也有类似的定义，语言基础知识模块是由标识符，变量类型，声明引用，流程控制语句组成。通过学习三个案例来完成：JAVA 是第六代面向对象的编程语言，
3、它的核心是“类和对象”进而构成主要的模块。网络环境要提供相应的知识点，讨论相关的知识点，以便学生能够更深刻的认识类和对象，让学生做些小的练习和程序增加对单元知识的认知程度，JAVA 带给软件开发的特点和优势可以通过类的特征来展现，在教学内容里占有重要的作用。形成软件开发的不可缺少的技术是类库，常用数据结构，数据库连接于结果处理，这两个模块的学习需要学生观察案例，课程的讲述，自主案例学习的方式来学习；综合项目实践包含选择环境，配置，使用以及项目的发布一系列的过程，它是对五大项目的综合应用，师生可以通过案例和项目来沟通，还可以使用小组里德分工协作实施项目实践。每个模块的内容根据不同的时间分配的重要
4、性学习实践，类和对象，类的特征，类库和常用数据结构来分配学期教学实践。各个模块都要包含能够为学生提供动力和增强学习效果的实际案例，同时还要有相应的综合实践项目的内容训练。各单元模块分别为基础语言知识模块，类与对象模块、类的特性、类库与常用数据结构、数据库连接与结果集处理，对应的项目分解单元训练内容由内到外分别对应基本业务逻辑实现功能，业务抽象与数据模型、系统功能类的设计与开发、解决问题的常用算法、数据库连接与数据操纵技术和结果集处理。项目分解训练比较复杂，它和针对模块的训练相比，更有利于调动学生综合运用所学内容的能力。 三、基于 JAVA 语言的网络教学方式设计教学方式是在教学过程中教师为完成
5、教学任务所使用的教学策略以及学生的学习策略。在教学目标上，教师既要关注实现相应的认知目标，激发情感，训练技能，又要注重各项教学目标的实现，项目教学为学生提供了一个主动学习的动力，在此动力下学生知道自己应该做什么，怎样去学习，这也为驱使学生学习，激发情感有着重要的作用和推动力。目前，无论任何程序设计语言在遇到怎样的困难，都可以通过使用网络搜索引擎来寻找答案。在教学开始时，教师要尽可能的提供常见问题的解决方案，避免学生陷入因特网的知识海洋中，减少学生的疑惑实践，学生可以体验到成功的喜悦。经过一段时间后，学生对学习程序设计语言有了信心，此时可以让学生通过和同学的沟通来解决疑难问题，亦或者学生可以通过
6、因特网来搜索相应的知识难点，促使学生实现认知目标。教学活动在活动方式上是多边互动的，在师生，生生，教师之间的沟通，交流和互动，那么教学活动就可形成多渠道，多层次，多方位，多手段的立体化教学。在小组或者个人完成相应的案例后，可以在小组内观摩和评估，在小组中最好的成果放到班内进行评价，大多数的操作案例学生都可以自主或者小组讨论协作完成，可以采用组内和组间的互动交流来形成浓厚的学习气氛，通过观摩比较学生可以在程序语言的设计中体验程序编码的重要性和成功感，还可以通过个人和组间的讨论沟通让学生意识到多角度思维的重要性。在教学过程中，关注探索性。这不仅注重教师对学生传授知识，培养技能，而且更注重让学生在教
7、师的引导下通过自身的探讨和研究，获取、掌握知识，发展自己的能力，从而使学习和掌握人类己有知识的过程变为探究人类已有知识，发展学生能力的过程，并转变“传统的被动接受”的学习过程为积极主动去探索、研究、发现的学习过程。课堂教学是开展网络教学的前提和基础。教师通过课堂教学，为学生们开展网络环境学习作好准备。这也是有限的课堂时间所能完成的主要工作。作为学习的主体，学生的学习活动从课堂听课开始，直到转移到网络环境下，真正意义的知识建构展开了。师生/生生之间更多的交互在课堂上很难深度展开，通过BB 平台作为媒介，以任务/案例/项目作为载体，师生/生生之间的交流会行云流水般地进行下去。四、结论 从实践角度感
8、受来看，开展网络教学需要做的工作比预期想象要难得多，从方案的设计、资源收集到发布、学生的组织等，许多问题需要克服，还需要在教学过程中不断学习，向有经验的前辈求教。1.苏富林JAVA语言教学探讨 2007(5)2.王建虹Java教学中面向对象编程思想的培养 2006(6) 选自:(第12期) 2010Editors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from to
9、rnadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon
10、 and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the st
11、ars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Luc
12、as movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I
13、watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking
14、 a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the par
15、tially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disap
16、pointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important rol
17、e in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives.
18、 It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.
19、The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bott
20、om of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach th
21、e speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parac
22、hute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will ha
23、ve a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters)
24、.It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.
