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1、,Programme Design 课程设计,Identifyneeds确认需求,Design theprogramme设计课程,Set objectives设立目标,Select methodsof measurement选定评估方法,Measure thechange in performance评估行为/表现上的改变,Run theprogramme 执行课程,The Training Cycle 训练循环图,Design Components 设计原素,What we have for them to learn我们有什麽要给他们学的?,Who they are and what th
2、ey know now他们是谁?他们已经知道了什麽?,How they learn他们如何学习,Adult Learning 成人学习,How Do You Stop Yourself From Learning?你如何让你自己停止学习,In order to help other people learn and change,you need to discover how you learn&change and understand the ways in which you stop yourself from learning.为了要帮助他人学习及改变,你必需去了解你自己是如何学习
3、,如何改变,和到底是什麽东西使你自己停止学习的.Reflect on a recent formal learning activity(training,programme,lecture,book etc.)that you experienced that was a failure for you.At the time what comments did you make to yourself把它反映在最近一次较正式而你觉得是失败的学习活动中(例如 训练,节目,课程,图书.等)当时你为自己作了什麽解释?,How Do You Stop Yourself From Learning?
4、你如何让你自己停止学习(续),*About the presenter 是关於上课的那个人?About the material(Content)是关於教材(内容)*About structure&presentation?(Process)是关於上课的架构或方式?(过程)*Other factors-timing 时间 其他要素-environmental 环境上的-relevance to work 跟工作的关连度 Notes注解Think about this,you might become aware of a particular patternin how you stop yo
5、urself learning.想想看,你或许可以发现某种模式是妨碍你自我学习的.,Identifythe need确定需求,Provide anappropriatelearningexperience提供适合的学习经验,Applylearningto worksituation将学习运用在工作环境上,+,+,Efficient training有效率的训练,Participantswho arewilling&ableto learn&change参与者愿意及可以去学习和改变,+,+,+,Identifythe needthe need确定需求,Provide anappropriatel
6、earningexperience提供适合的学习经验,Applylearningto worksituation将学习运用在工作环境上,+,+,Efficient training有效率的训练,Effective learning&development有效率的学习及成长,Identifythe need确定需求,Provide anappropriatelearningexperience提供适合的学习经验,Applylearningto worksituation将学习运用在工作环境上,Every Single Person In The Room Is Going To Be Tuned
7、 Into Radio Station每个在这个房间的人都即将要被电台调整好频率,WII-FM,Whats In It For Me?里面有什麽是给我的?,Approach To Adult Learning 成人学习的方法,Start with needs从需求开始 Make it real使其真实Base it on experience拿经验作基本Make it as self-directing as you can尽可能使其自我导向的 Malcolm Knowles,Start With Their Needs 从他们的需求开始,Adults are motivated to lea
8、rn as they develop needs and interests that learning will satisfy 如果藉由学习可以满足成人们所发展出来的需求和兴趣,他们便会有动机.Adults needs and interests are the appropriate starting point成人的需求及兴趣是适合的始点.,Make It Real 使其真实,Adult orientation to learning is work or life centered成人对学习的原点是以工作或生活为主.The appropriate frameworks for org
9、anising training are life and/or work related situations not academic or related subjects训练适合的架构是建筑在跟生活或工相关的情境上,而非一些纯学术性或其他相关的东西.,Base On Experience 经验为本,Experience is the richest source for adult learning.经验是成人学习中最富足的一个来源.Therefore,the approach to training involves participation in a planned series
10、 of experiences,the analysis of those experiences and their application to work and life situations因此,训练的方向应该要包含参与一连串有计划性的经验,解晰这些经验,及他们如何可以被运用在工作及生活的情境上.,Make it Self Directed 使其自我导向,Adults have a deep need to be self directing.成人对自我导向有很深的需求 Therefore the role of the trainer is to engage as much as
11、possible in a process of enquiry with the participants,rather than just to transmit knowledge 因此，训练的角色是如何在寻求新知的过程上与参与者作最大的结合，而非一味地传输知识,Adults Dont Want Or Need 成人不想要或不需要的,Sitting&listening(one way communication)坐著、听(单向沟通)Note taking,homework and a lot of reading 记笔记，家庭作业和一大堆该读的资料 High formality or b
12、eing talked down to 高制度化，或是上对下的方式 Isolation from peers(they want interaction)跟同侪分离(他们想要有互动),Adults Dont Want Or Need(Contd)成人不想要或不需要的(续),Test,grades考试，成绩 Overload of theory过多的理论A classroom experience(they want a learning experience)教室的经验(他们要学习经验)Evening sessions(unless there is a trade off for recre
13、ation time in afternoon)夜晚上课(除非他们下午可以有些休闲活动),B Briefing(简介)RResources(资源)IInstructions(指引)AApplication(运用)NNotes(作笔记),AActivity(活动)LLearning(学习)IInvolvement(参与)C Consultation(谘询)EEvaluation(评估),Learning To Learn 学习上的学习,Knowing the stages of thelearning process and theblockages to learning了解学习过程中的不同阶
14、段和阻碍学习的障碍,Making best use ofexisting learningpreferences将目前喜欢的学习方法运用的极致,Understand your ownpreferred approach tolearning了解你自己喜欢的学习方法,Carry your understandingof learning from off-the-jobto on-the-job opportunities将你对学习的了解运用在从非工作到工作上的机会,Crucial Learning Skills 重要学习的技巧,Listening 听Taking risks 冒风险Sharin
15、g 分享Accepting help 接受帮忙Asking questions 发问问题 Monitoring achievement 观察成果And our job is to provide the environment where these can happen safely而我们的工作就是去提供一个可以让这些安全发生的环境。,Traditional Versus Experiential Learning 传统v.s.经验上的学习,Focus 焦点Emphasis 强调Nature of learnerinvolvement 参与学习者的天性Role of participant参
16、与者的角色,The individual个人Content内容Intellectual聪明的Listening,memorizing,passive听、记、消极的,The group and the individual团体及个人Content&process内容及过程Intellectual&self-knowledge聪明的/自我知识的Involvement,participation,interaction涉入、参与、互动,Element 元素,Traditional 传统,Experiential 经验型,Traditional Versus Experiential Learning
17、 传统v.s.经验上的学习,Relationships关系Responsibilityof faculty部门的责任Climate forlearning学习的气氛,Adult to Child成人对小孩Provide one-waycommunicationdevices(lectures etc.)提供单向沟通的方式(如上课)Formal,inhibiting,status-emphasizing正式、阶级的强调,Adult to Adult成人对成人Create conditions for experiences from which learning will result创造可以从
18、学习上获得经验的条件Relaxed,encouraging,status-reducing轻松具鼓励性无阶级上的强调,Element 元素,Traditional 传统,Experiential 经验型,Traditional Versus Experiential Learning 传统v.s.经验上的学习,Responsibility for learningoutcome 对学习成果的责任Whose needs are satisfied most谁的需求最被满足到？Possibility of transfer oflearning to job将学习运用在工作上的可能性,Instru
19、ctor/presenter教授/主讲人 Presenter主讲人Typically low oruncertain通常是很低或是不确定,Participants are responsible for their own learning and behaviour参与者对其自身的学习和行为要负责Participant参与者Moderate to high degree for most participants中度到高度，对多数参与人而言,Element 元素,Traditional 传统,Experiential 经验型,Putting Participation Into Your T
20、raining 将参与放入你的训练中,Lecture 上课 Lecture/Discussion 上课/讨论Modified Lecture 修改上课Forum 会议 Debate 辩论Group Discussion 小组讨论 Buzz Groups 噪音的小组 Brain Storming 动脑Case Study 个案学习Role Play 角色扮演,Demonstration 示范 Demonstration with Practice 示范加练习Independent Study 独立学习Films/Tape/Videos 影片/带子/录影带 Tutorials 辅导Self Dis
21、covery 自我发现 Exhibit 展览Field Trip 户外郊游 Simulation/Games 模拟/游戏,Existing competence level既有的能力程度,Adult Learning:The Lightning Bolt成人学习发亮的灯泡,Informal&personal atmosphere非正式及个人的气氛,Learn new KSA学新的KSA,Overcome my blocks tolearning克服我对学习的障碍,Higher competence level更高层次的能力,Corporatevision企业远景,Self directedev
22、aluation自我导向型的评估,Relevanceto mywork&needs跟我工作及需求相关,Interactiveprocess互动的过程,Support&respect支持与尊重,Influence&involvementin design影响及涉及设计,Takeresponsibilityfor own learning对自我学习负责,Highercompetence level更高层次的能力,Adult Learning成人学习:The Square发亮的灯泡,Learn newKSAs学新的KSA,Informal&personalatmosphere非正式及个人的气氛,Ov
23、ercome myblocks tolearning克服我对学习的障碍,Adult Learning成人学习,Existingcompetence level既有的能力程度,Interactiveprocess互动的过程,Influence&involvementin design影响及涉及设计,Take responsibilityfor own learning对自我学习负责,Support&respect支持与尊重,Relevanceto mywork&needs跟我工作及需求相关,Corporatevision企业远景,Highercompetence level更高层次的能力,Sel
24、f directedevaluation自我导向型的评估,Punctuate Your Sessions懂得停顿(加标点符号),Confessions Of A Trombone Welder 喇叭焊接工的告白,Invent a fantasy occupation and a name to go with it.Write it on the card and stick the card prominently on your clothing.Treat the next break as a cocktail party,mill around,introduce yourself
25、to others ask questions about their occupations and answer questions about yours.Have fun发明一种梦幻职业，并为它取个名字。把它写下来，贴在你衣服明显的地方。把接下来的休息时间当成是一个鸡尾酒派对，四处看看，介绍自己给他人，向他人询问有关他职业的事，并且回答别人问你的问题。Trombone welder(音乐喇叭焊接工)Elephant chiropodist(医大象脚的医师)Sharpener of knitting needles(研磨编针的人)Kauri watcher(看松-植物的人)Greetin
26、g card verse poet(写贺卡上祝词的诗人)etc.(等等.),Get Feedback Half Way Through 中途取得回馈,Feed Back Wants 想要的反应,Write down what behaviours you want:写下你想要什麽样的行为:a)The facilitator(引导人)b)Fellow participants in the group(其他小组中的成员)c)Yourself(你自己)to.Stop(停止)Start(开始)Continue(继续)(a)(b)(c),Feed Back Faces 反应的脸孔,Draw a fac
27、e to represent how you feel about the programme at the moment画一个脸，能代表你现在对课程的感觉e.g.(例如),happy 高兴,frustrated挫败,so/so马马虎虎,sleepy想睡觉,bored无聊,confused困惑,etc.etc等等,等等.,Learning Styles 学习的风格,Kolbs Learning CycleKolb 的学习的风格,ConcreteExperience具体的经验,AbstractConceptualising抽象的概念化,ActiveExperimentation主动的尝试,Ref
28、lectiveObservation反映性的观察,ConcreteExperience具体的经验,AbstractConceptualising抽象的概念化,ActiveExperimentation主动的尝试,ReflectiveObservation反映性的观察,Learning Cycle II学习循环图II,CoachOthers指导别人,Task Cycle课题流程,Learning Cycle学习流程,TakingAction有动作,Seeingresults想结果,Thinkingabout results看结果,Planningnext time下一次的计划,Havingan
29、experience拥有经验,Concluding结论,Reviewing检视,Planning计划,Learning Styles 学习的风格,ActivistHaving an experience主动者拥有经验,ReflectorReviewing theexperience省思者检视经验,TheoristConcludingfrom the experience理论者从经验中作总结,PragmatistPlanning the next steps实用主义者计画下一步,Activists 主动者 Try anything once 任何事都试一次 Tend to revel in sh
30、ort term crises/fire fighting 好像对短暂的危机感到兴趣/救火队 Tend to thrive on the challenge of new experiences 好像会从新经验的挑战中成长更Are relatively bored with implementation&longer termconsolidation 对实际执行及长期稳固感到较无Constantly involve themselveswith other people持续与他人保持关系,Reflectors省思者,Theorists理论者,Pragmatists实用主义者,Reflecto
31、rs 省思者Like to stand back and review experiences from different perspectives喜欢站开点，从不同角度去检视Collect data&analyse it before coming to conclusions 在作结论之前，收集并分析资料。Like to consider all angles喜欢从全部方向去思考 Tend to be cautious比较小心谨慎 Enjoy observing other people in action喜欢观看别人行动,Activists主动者,Theorists理论者,Pragma
32、tists实用主义者,Theorists 理论者 Keen on assumptions,principles,theories,models对假设、方针、理论及模式感兴趣Prize rationality and logic推崇理性及逻辑 Tend to be detached and analytical比较会分离作业和分析 Unhappy with subjective or ambiguous experiences对主观或模糊的经验感到不高兴 Are tidy and fit tasks into rational schemes 很整齐，将工作课程放入理性化的架构中,Reflect
33、ors省思者,Activists主动者,Pragmatists实用主义者,Pragmatists 实用主义者Search out new ideas or techniques which might apply to their situation 寻求可能应用在他们情境上的新方法或技巧 Take the first opportunity to experiment愿意第一个去尝试 Respond to problems&opportunities as challenges将问题及机会视为挑战 Are keen to use relevant ideas from T&D program
34、mes 对从训练课程中获得的相关意见有很大兴趣仁褂 Like to get on with things with clear purpose喜欢继续进行那些有清楚目标的事情,Reflectors省思者,Theorists理论者,Activists主动者,Think How These Different Groups Might React to Computer 101设想一下这几种不同的人会对电脑101如何反应?,Welcome To Computer Skills Training 101,ActivistsWow!A colour screen!Look at all the key
35、s.this is fun!OK,it on,what next?Will you be giving up instructions as we go along?Can I use my name as my access code?Wow!Look at that!I did it right!,ReflectorsCan I watch you demonstrate before I have to do it?Is there an instruction manual that I can review later?Who can I call if I have trouble
36、 remembering all that we cover today?Are we going to be allowed to stop and ask questions as we go along?,TheoristsHow is a floppy disc different from a hard disc?Are you going to discuss which is better?What does the term modem mean?Will we be learning about that?Will we be able to ask questions if
37、 we dont understand something?How many lessons are we going to have with you before we can expect to operate a computer on our own?Why are there two types of computers,IBM and Macintosh?,PragmatistsI wonder what will happen if I press this key.I hope I will be allowed to go at my own pace.What will
38、happen if I accidentally turn off the machine?Will we be able to practice before you start the next lesson?I probably become a computer whiz!,舧 欢迎来到电脑技巧训练课程101,主动者哗！一个彩色的萤幕看看这所有的键盘.多有趣啊！好了，开了，接下来呢？你会在我们进行的时候给予方向吗我可以用我的名字作为进入的代号吗？哗！看这个！我作对了！,省思者在我开始之前，可以先看看你示范吗？有使用者说明，我可以等一下看吗？如果我记不得所有今天上过的内容，我要找谁？在进
39、行的同时，我们可以停下来问问题吗？,理论者这磁碟片跟硬体有啥不同？你会讨论那一个比较好吗？数据机代表什麽？我们会学到吗？如果对一些事情不了解，我们可以发问吗？我们要跟你学过几节课之後，我门才可以自己操作一烫缒钥 为什麽会有2种电脑，个人电脑及麦金塔？,实用主义者如果按下这个按键不知会发生什麽事？我希望可以按照我自己的速度去进行如果我不小心关掉机器，会发生什麽事？我们在你下堂课开始之前，会有机会练习吗？我可能会变成一个电脑专家！產,Activists主动者,Wow!A colour screen!哗！一个彩色的萤幕Look at all the keys.this is fun!看看这所有的键盘
40、.多有趣啊OK,it on,what next?好了，开了，接下来呢？Will you be giving up instructions as we go along?你会在我们进行的时候给予方向吗Can I use my name as my access code?我可以用我的名字作为进入的代号吗？Wow!Look at that!I did it right!哗！看这个！我作对了！,Reflectors 省思者,Can I watch you demonstrate before I have to do it?在我开始之前，可以先看看你示范吗？Is there an instruct
41、ion manual that I can review later?有使用者说明，我可以等一下看吗？Who can I call if I have trouble remembering all that we cover today?如果我记不得所有今天上过的内容，我要找谁？Are we going to be allowed to stop and ask questions as we go along?在进行的同时，我们可以停下来问问题吗？,Theorists 理论者,How is a floppy disc different from a hard disc?这磁碟片跟硬体有啥
42、不同？Are you going to discuss which is better?你会讨论那一个比较好吗？What does the term modem mean?Will we be learning about that?数据机代表什麽？我们会学到吗？Will we be able to ask questions if we dont understand something?如果对一些事情不了解，我们可以发问吗？How many lessons are we going to have with you before we can expect to operate a com
43、puter on our own?我们要跟你学过几节课之後，我门才可以自己操作一台电脑？Why are there two types of computers,PC and Macintosh?为什麽会有2种电脑，个人电脑及麦金塔？,Pragmatists 实用主义者,I wonder what will happen if I press this key 如果按下这个按键不知会发生什麽事？I hope I will be allowed to go at my own pace.我希望可以按照我自己的速度去进行 What will happen if I accidentally tur
44、n off the machine?如果我不小心关掉机器，会发生什麽事？Will we be able to practice before you start the next lesson?我们在你下堂课开始之前，会有机会练习吗？I probably become a computer whiz!我可能会变成一个电脑专家！,Learning Styles 学习的风格,ActivistHaving an experience主动者拥有经验,ReflectorReviewing theexperience省思者检视经验,TheoristConcludingfrom the experience
45、理论者从经验中作总结,PragmatistPlanning the next steps实用主义者计画下一步,What Is the Predominant Style in O&M?在奥美最盛行(主要)的是那种风格？,Activists:Summary 主动者摘要,Try anything once任何事都试一次Tend to revel in short term crises/fire fighting好像对短暂的危机感到兴趣/救火队Tend to thrive on the challenge of new experiences好像会从新经验的挑战中成长更多 Are relative
46、ly bored with implementation&longer term consolidation对实际执行及长期稳固感到较无聊 Constantly involve themselves with other people持续与他人保持关系,Reflectors:Summary省思者摘要,Like to stand back and review experiences from different perspectives喜欢站开点，从不同角度去检视。Collect data&analyse it before coming to conclusions在作结论之前，收集并分析资
47、料。Like to consider all angles喜欢从全部方向去思考 Tend to be cautious比较小心谨慎Enjoy observing other people in action喜欢观看别人行动,Theorists:Summary 理论者摘要,Keen on assumptions,principles,theories,models对假设、方针、理论及模式感兴趣 Prize rationality and logic推崇理性及逻辑 Tend to be detached and analytical比较会分离作业和分析 Unhappy with subjectiv
48、e or ambiguous experiences对主观或模糊的经验感到不高兴 Are tidy and fit tasks into rational schemes很整齐，将工作课程放入理性的架构中,Pragmatists:Summary 实用主义者摘要,Search out new ideas or techniques which might apply to their situation寻求可能应用在他们情境上的新方法或技巧 Take the first opportunity to experiment愿意第一个去尝试 Respond to problems&opportuni
49、ties as challenges将问题及机会视为挑战 Are keen to use relevant ideas from T&D programmes对从训练课程中获得的相关意见有很大兴趣去使用 Like to get on with things with clear purpose喜欢继续进行那些有清楚目标的事情,Learning Styles 学习风格,Activists主动者Reflectors反映者,From relatively short ere and Now tasks Business games,competitive teamwork exercises从比较短
50、期，这里，马上的 工作/生意游戏，具竞争性的团队练习From activities where they are able to stand back,listen and observe collecting information从他们可以站在後面，听取凸鄄斓幕疃?收集资料,From situations involving a passive role Listening tolecturers reading从牵涉到一个比较消极角那榭錾?听授课者的讲义When they are rushed into things without theopportunity to plan当他们被逼
