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1、毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译院 系：土木工程与建筑系年级专业：姓 名：学 号：附 件：The Use of Sheet Glass Powder as FineAggregate Replacement in Concrete指导老师评语： 指导教师签名：年 月 日The Use of Sheet Glass Powder as Fine Aggregate Replacement in ConcreteM. Mageswari1,* and Dr. B.Vidivelli21Research Scholar, Structural Engineering, Annamalai Univers
2、ity, Annamalai nagar, 600 002, Tamilnadu, India2Professor of Structural Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, 600 002, Tamilnadu, IndiaAbstract:Sheet glass powder (SGP) used in concrete making leads to greener environment. In shops, near by Chidamba-ram many sheet glass cuttings go to
3、waste, which are not recycled at present and usually delivered to landfills for disposal. Using SGP in concrete is an interesting possibility for economy on waste disposal sites and conservation of natural re-sources. This paper examines the possibility of using SGP as a replacement in fine aggregat
4、e for a new concrete. Natural sand was partially replaced (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) with SGP. Compressive strength, Tensile strength (cubesand cylinders) and Flexural strength up to 180 days of age were compared with those of concrete made with natural fine aggregates. Fineness modulus, specific
5、gravity, moisture content, water absorption, bulk density, %voids, % porosity (loose and compact) state for sand (S) and SDA were also studied. The test results indicate that it is possible to manufac-ture concrete containing Sheet glass powder (SGP) with characteristics similar to those of natural
6、sand aggregate concrete provided that the percentage of SGP as fine aggregate is limited to 10-20%, respectively. Key Words: Sheet glass powder, Mechanical properties, Fineness Modulus, Bulk density, Moisture content. INTRODUCTION During the last decades it has been recognized that Sheet Glass waste
7、 is of large volume and is increasing year by year in the Shops, construction areas and factories. Using waste glass in the concrete construction sector is advantageous, as the production cost of concrete will go down 1. Waste glasses are used as aggregates for concrete 2-4. In Chennai there is a pl
8、ace called Chidambaram where most of the col-ored sheet glasses from windows are packed as a waste andsent to landfill. The plain sheet glasses can be recycled, but itis costly to remove the color of colored glasses and recycle again. Estimated cost for housing is more and some construction material
9、s like natural sand are also becoming rare 5. Attempts have been made for a long time to use waste glasses as an aggregate in concrete, but it seems that the concrete with waste glasses always cracks 2, 6. Very limited work has been conducted for the use of groundglass as a concrete replacement 7. T
10、hese waste storage disposals are becoming a serious environmental problem especially for Chidambaram where place disposal sites are lacking. Hence there is a need for recycling more and more waste materials. The most widely used fine aggregate for the making of concrete is the natural sand mined fro
11、m the riverbeds. How-ever, the availability of river sand for the preparation of con-crete is becoming scarce due to the excessive nonscientific methods of mining from the riverbeds, lowering of watertable, sinking of the bridge piers, etc. are becoming common treats 5. The present scenario demands
12、identification of substitute materials for the river sand for making concrete. Recently, some attempts have been made to use ground glass as a replacement in concrete 8-10. The objective of this paper is to present the results of experimental investigations on Physical and Mechanical properties of c
13、oncrete made with Sheet Glass powder concrete. Natural fine aggregate is substituted by weight by Sheet Glass Powder at rates varyingfrom 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 percentages. Compressive, Ten-sion, and flexural strength are evaluated and compared up to180 days of ages. Specific Properties of concrete
14、materials and Sheet Glass Powder are also studied.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe raw materials, used for this study are natural coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, Sheet glass Powder (SGP) aggre-gate and 53 grades Portland cement. The Sheet glass used forthis study was collected from the points in Chidambar
15、am taluk at Cuddalore District. Sheet Glass is converted into fine aggregate as shown in flowchart Fig. (1) and the procedure for making Sheet Glasscrete is shown in flowchart Fig. (2). Sheet Glass collected from shops is shown in Fig. (3), Sheet Glass crushed is shown in Fig. (4) and Sheet glass po
16、wder is shown in Fig. (5). Sheet glass Powder using sieve size from 4.75mm onwards is shown in Fig. (6). Table 1 shows the Fineness Modulus results of S, SGP, (S + 10%SGP), (S + 20%SGP), (S + 30%SGP), (S + 40%SGP) and (S + 50%SGP). Fig. (3) shows the Fine aggregate material of grading curve and also
17、 SGP, (S+10%SGP), (S+20%SGP), (S+30%SGP), (S+40%SGP) (S+50%SGP) and 100%SGP. The sand used for the study was locally available river sand conforming tograding zone III of IS:383-1970. The coarse aggregate was a normal weight aggregate with a maximum size of 20mm IS:456-2000. Table 2 shows the physic
18、al properties of SGP andFine and coarse aggregate. Table 3 shows chemical charac-teristics of the SGP material. The control mix of the concrete was designed with a mix ratio of cement /water /Sand /Coarseof 1:0.48:1.66:3.61 by weight. This mix design yielded an average 28 days compressive strength 4
19、1 Mpa. The sand was replaced with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% SGP. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME The SG (Sheet Glass) was collected from shops in Chidambaram and its properties were tested. Analysis was carried out in Concrete mixtures with 7 levels of SGP (Sheet Glass Powder) replacement ranging from 10%
20、to 50% and 100%. The specimens were cast and tested to study the possibility of using SGP as a substitute material for sand in concrete. The control mix, utilizing SGP, replaced as the fine aggregate, was designed for the cube, cylinder andbeam. Based on the laboratory trials, the mix proportion of
21、the control mix (M20) was finalized and investigated to de-termine the effect on compressive and tensile strength in cubes and cylinder. The mixture were 0%,10%,20%,30%, 40%,50% and 100% with different Sheet glass powder(SGP) replacement in fine aggregate is analyzed. It is also used to investigate
22、the effect of SGP replacement on Flex-ural strength.Tests to determine specific gravity, moisture content , water absorption, Bulk density, Compressive and Tensile strength of cubes and cylinders, SGP was used to replace 0to 50% and 100% of the sand by weight. For compressive and tensile strength te
23、sts 150 x 150mm cubes and150 x300mm cylinders specimens were used. A total of 500specimens were cast and cured in water at room temperature in the laboratory for 28,45,60,90,180 days. At the end of each curing period, three specimens for each mixture were tested for Compressive, Tensile and Flexural
24、 strength andthe average was recorded. Flexural strength was measured using 100x100x500 mm beam specimen in the centre of the beam load applied. A total of 90 beams were cast and cured in water for 28,45,60, 90,180 days. For each mixture, three beams were loaded to failure, and the average strength
25、was recorded in each caseRESULTS AND DISCUSSION Workability of the concrete increased as the percentages of SGP replacement increased, but it later decreases as the curing days increases because of alkali silica reaction. The density of the concrete 2531 kg/m3 at 0% replacement of SGP decreased but
26、at 100% the density increased to 2689kg/m3for cube at 28 days curing. Fig. (3). sheet glass Fig. (4). Crushed sheet glass Fig. (5). sheet glass powderFig. (6). Sieve Analysis of the MaterialsTable 1. Fineness Modulus Table 2. Physical Properties of MaterialsTable 3. Chemical Analysis of SGP Fig. (7)
27、. Compressive strength of concrete cubes.Fig. (8). Compressive strength of Concrete cylinders Fig. (9). Density of concrete cubes.Fig. (10). Density of concrete cylinders. Fig. (11). Tensile strength of Concrete cubes.Fig. (12). Tensile strength of Concrete cylinders. Fig. (13). Flexural strength of
28、 the concrete beams.Fig. (14). Compressive strength of cubes V Fig. (15). Tensile strength of cubes Vs Compressive strength of cylinder Tensile strength of cylinder Compressive Strength The compressive strength test results for the concretes containing SGP as fine aggregates of cubes according to th
29、eir age are very similar to each other. Thus, the results are presented in Fig. (7) and Fig. (9). Concretes containing SGP as fine aggregates, with a mixing ratio of 30%, 40% and 50% displayed a reduction in compressive strength than that of plain concrete respectively. This tendency towards a de-cr
30、ease in compressive strength with an increase in mixing ratio was repeated for concretes 180 days of age. At 10%, 20% and 100% mixing ratio there was increase in strengththan that of plain concrete. In any case, the SGP as fine ag-gregate in concrete showed a decrease in strength as the cur-ing days
31、 increased but at 10% and 100% the strength as con-crete is more than that of conventional concrete. Fig. (8) andFig. (10) show the increase in the density of concrete cubes and cylinders as the SGP increases in percentages.Tensile Strength The Tensile strength test results for the concretes con-tai
32、ning SGP fine aggregates of cubes and cylinders accord-ing to their age are very similar to each other up to 20% re-placement. Thus, the results are presented in Fig. (11) andFig. (12). Concretes containing SGP as fine aggregates, witha mixing ratio of 30%, 40% and 50% displayed an increase in Tensi
33、le strength than that of plain concrete as the curing days increase respectively. This tendency towards a decrease in tensile strength with an increase in mixing ratio was re- peated for concretes 180 days of age. At 10% and 100% mixing ratio there was an increase in strength than that of plain conc
34、rete. In any case, the SGP as fine aggregate inconcrete did not have any notable effect on the compressive strength of the concrete. Table 4. Regression EquationFlexural StrengthThe Flexural strength test results for the curing concretes with SGP of different percentage according to their age are pr
35、esented in Fig. (13). The results were very similar to each other like compressive and tensile strength test results. The concrete containing SGP as fine aggregate, at a 10-20% mix-ing ratio, showed a slight increase in the flexural strengthwhile that of plain concrete. At 30%, 40%, 50% and 100% mix
36、ing ratio there was increase in strength than that of plainconcrete. Fig. (14) shows details of the relationship between the com-pressive strength of cubes and compressive strength of cyl-inders of the concretes containing the SGP as fine aggregate and Table 3 gives the details of regression equatio
37、ns and its R2. Fig. (15) explains the relationship between tensile strength of cubes and the tensile strength of cylinders of the concrete containing SGP as fine aggregate and Table 4 gives the details of regression equations.CONCLUSIONFrom the tests conducted on SGP replaced in fine aggre-gate for
38、concrete as presented in various sections, the follow-ing conclusions are made: The SGP is suitable for use in concrete making. The fineness modulus, specific gravity, moisture content, un-compacted bulk density and compacted bulk density at 10% Sheet glass powder(SGP)were foundto be2.25,3.27,2.57%,
39、1510kg/m3 and 1620kg/m3For a given mix, the water requirement decreases as the SGP content in-creases. The compressive strength of cubes and cylinders of the concrete for all mix increases as the % of SGP increases but decreases as the age of curing increases due to alkali silica reaction. The Tensi
40、le strength of cubes and cylinders of the concrete for all mix increases than that of conventionalconcrete age of curing and decreases as the SGP content in-creases. The Flexural strength of the beam of concrete for allmix increases with age of curing and decreases as the SGP content increases. 100%
41、 replacement of SGP in concrete showed better results than that of conventional concrete at 28days and 45 days curing but later it started to decrease its strength because of its alkali silica reactions. The density of SGP concrete is more that of conventional concrete. SGP is available in significa
42、nt quantities as a waste and can be util-ized for making concrete. This will go a long way to reduce the quantity of waste in our environment. The optimum re-placement level in fine aggregate with SGP is 10%REFERENCES 1I. B. Topcu, M. Canbaz, “Properties of concrete containing waste glass,” Cem. Con
43、cr. Res., vol. 34, pp. 267-274, February 2004. 2 C. D. Johnston, “Waste glass as coarse aggregate for concrete,” J. Test. Eval., vol. 2, pp. 344-350, May 1974. 3 O. Masaki, “Study on hydration hardening character of glass powder and basic physical properties of waste glass construction material,” As
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45、, no.5, pp. 401-407, January 2006. 6 C. Meyer, and S. Baxter, “Use of recycled glass and fly ash for precast concrete,” NYSERDA Rep., vol.1, pp. 98-18, October 1998.7 Y. Shao, T. Lefort, S. Moras, and D. Rodriguez, “Studies on con-crete containing ground waste glass,”Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 30,no. 1,
46、 pp. 91-100, June 2000. 8 A.Shayan, and A. Xu, “Value - Added Utilization of waste glass in Concrete,” Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 34, no.1, pp. 81-89, May 2004.9 W. Jin, C. Meyer, and S. Baxter, “Glascrete - Concrete with glass aggregate,” ACI. Mater. J., vol. 2, pp. 208-213, May2000. 10 C. Polley, S.M.
47、 Cramer, and R.V. Crug, “Potential for using waste glass in Portland Cement Concrete,” J. Mater. Civil Eng., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 210-219, May 1998. 将磨碎玻璃作为混凝土细骨料的应用M.Magesuari Dr.B.Vidivell1.安纳马莱大学结构工程研究员2.安纳马莱大学结构工程教授 摘要：在混凝土制造中采用白玻璃粉（SGP）有利于绿色环境的发展。在Chidambaram附近的商场里，许多玻璃切割后产生的粉末都被当成垃圾了。这些碎渣一般被送到垃圾填埋地去处理,并没有被循环利用。而将SGP掺入到混凝土中作为其细骨料则是对垃圾处理和保护自然资源都很有意义的一种方式，这篇文章探讨了将SGP作为新型混凝土的细骨料的可能性。将天然砂的一部分，分别以10%，20%，30%，40%，50%替换成SGP。压缩强度，剪切强度（立方体和圆柱体）和180天的挠曲强度都和天然砂制成的混凝土做了对比。细度模量，比重，含水率，体积密度以孔隙率空隙
