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1、1 2005 Nokia File_Name.ppt/yyyy-mm-dd/Initials,Nokia BSS introduction,BSS in the GSM network,O,M,C,M,S,C,B,S,C,M,S,B,T,S,A,n,a,l,o,g,X,.,2,5,D,i,g,i,t,a,l,X,.,2,5,A,I,/,F,A,t,e,r,I,/,F,A,b,i,s,I,/,F,A,i,r,I,/,F,BSS 网元统计,BSC 可选功能软件,BSC，TC，BTS,BSS 网元配置相关流程和内容 收集网络信息，确定容量需求 选站，勘察，规划 按照需求确定无线网规模 选取相应的基站
2、类型和配置 计算确定新增和扩容的BSC，TC主要网元类型：BSC3iTCSMUltrasite，Metrosite,New Nokia High Capacity Base Station Controller BSC3i,Very high circuit and packet handling capacity up to:660 TRX,3920 Erl,48Mbit/s Modularity for easy expansion Compact size with only one cabinet design Built-in IP connectivity for enhanced
3、 feature support with IP based interfaces Efficient use of transmission and radio resources with flexible traffic mix between voice and data Swift fault detection and hot standby units to allow minimal system downtime,Reliability and Power in Compact Size,More Traffic Handling Capacity,Designed for
4、high data usage to ascertain network evolution in GPRS/EDGE/GERAN,30%More Voice and Circuit SwitchedData capacity,50%More Packet SwitchedData capacity,BSC3i 硬件配置,BCSUBSC Signalling Unit including Packet Control UnitsCLSClock&SynchronizationUnitETExchange TerminalGSWBBit Group SwitchMCMUMarker and Ce
5、llular Management Unit including IP SwitchOMUOperation&Maintenance Unit including System Disk and Magneto-Optical Drive,M98 mechanics The same functional unit types as in current BSC products Max 6 WOEX BCSU units(+1 spare unit)Max 2 PCU-B per BCSU,The same platform is in use for all GSM/EDGE DX200
6、network elements(e.g.MSCi,HLRi and 2G SGSN),BSC3i 配置,660 TRX3920 Erl48Mbit/s,124 External PCM E1/T1,BCSU,Clock and synchronization unit(CLS),Exchange Terminal units(ET),Bit based Group Switch(GSWB),Marker and Cellular Management Unit(MCMU),Operation and Maintenance Unit(OMU),Transcoders and Submulti
7、plexer,Transcoders,单机架：8个单元，每个单元120 channel 共计960 channel,Nokia 基站及相关设备,Nokia DE/F21 BTS(二代站)Indoor sectorNokia Talk-系列 BTS（三代站）Nokia Intratalk BTS Nokia Flexitalk/Flexitalk+BTS Nokia Citytalk/Citytalk+BTS Nokia Extratalk Support Nokia Ultrasite BTS GSM/EDGE BTS（Normal，Midi，Mini）GSM/EDGE and WCDMA B
8、TS WCDMA BTSNokia Metrosite BTS Nokia Metrosite BTS Nokia Metro BBU Nokia MetroHubNokia Flexi EDGE BTS,Nokia 基 站,Flexi BTS,Coverage,Capacity,DE/F21Site,FlexiTalk,CityTalk IntraTalk,Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS,Nokia DE/F21基站(二代站),Nokia DE/F21基站单个主架2TRXs两个主架(一个扩展架)Omni 10 或3/3/3最大可扩展到3个机架12TRXs(4/4/4)合路器为
9、RTC,Nokia Intratalk 基站(三代站),灵活的载频配置单机架：全向 6 TRX 或定向2+2+2TRX机架组合：全向 12 TRX 或定向12+12+12 TRX灵活的传输连接内置微波中继室内单元最大 4 个 2M 连接支持内置HDSL中继(可利用普通的电话线）直流供电-48v或交流 230v机架尺寸1600mmX600mmX480mm温度范围-5C 到+45C,24 2005 Nokia File_Name.ppt/yyyy-mm-dd/Initials,Intratalk基站插板单元配置图,1.RRI:微波中继室内单元2.TRU:传输单元3.BCF:基站控制单元4.CSU:
10、供电单元5.TRX:载频单元6.PSU:供电单元7.CCF:风扇单元8.AFE:宽带天线耦合单元(2TRX),注：天线耦合单元还可为 AFC:宽带天线耦合单元(4TRX)RTC:窄带天线耦合单元(6TRX),Nokia Intratalk基站的应用,Nokia Intratalk基站主要用作室内的宏蜂窝基站，完全支持GSM900/1800双频工作，并支持双频共柜最大配置121212，典型配置O/6,2/2/2,4/4/4,6/6/6支持基带跳频及射频跳频,Nokia Flexitalk/Flexitalk+小型基站,高 集 成 度、易 于 安 装 Flexitalk 适合室内安装 Flexit
11、alk+适合室外或室内安装 可安装于象 隧道等的特殊地方 全 向 12 TRX AC or DC 供电 灵 活 的 传 输 方 式 可 外 接 多 大 3 条 2M PCM 可 支 持HDSL 温度范围 Flexitalk-5度 to+45度Flexitalk+-33度 to+40度-20度 to+40度(DC 供 电),27 2005 Nokia File_Name.ppt/yyyy-mm-dd/Initials,Flexitalk/Flexitalk+小型基站,28 2005 Nokia File_Name.ppt/yyyy-mm-dd/Initials,Flexitalk/Flexita
12、lk+基站插入单元配置图,Nokia Flexitalk/Flexitalk+基站的应用,Nokia Flexitalk/Flexitalk+小型基站分别用于室内和室外环境，适合于话务量较低的地方在高话务量的地方，可作为微蜂窝结构紧凑，安装方便，经济实用 基本配置：全向基站 O/1,O/2,Nokia UltraSite EDGE 基站,室外基站12 GSM/EDGE TRXsor 6 GSM/EDGE TRXs and 6 WCDMA carriers 1940 x 770 x 750-33C.+50 C,室内基站12 GSM/EDGE TRXsor 6 GSM/EDGE TRXs and
13、6 WCDMA carriers1800 x 600 x 570 mm-5C.+50 C,Midi 室外基站6 GSM/EDGE TRXs1320 x 770 x 750 mm-33C.+50 C,Nokia UltraSite EDGE 基站,Midi 室内基站6 GSM/EDGE TRXs1180 x 600 x 570 mm-5C.+50 C,Nokia UltraSite EDGE 基站（Midi）,Ultrasite EDGE 基 站 结 构,Ultrasite EDGE 基 站 结 构,室内与室外基站通用的机架内核 通用的插板单元增加室外套件,Nokia UltraSite EDG
14、E 基站三模基站,12 GSM/EDGE TRXs,变速风扇软件控制11 个单元冷却风扇1 个机架冷却风扇(室外机架),Nokia UltraSite EDGE 基站的散热,无需热交换器或空调可加热单元低于-10C的环境室外基站的可选单元,Nokia Ultrasite 内置传输单元,微波传输单元FXC RRI 两个 2.16 x 2 Mbit/s E1传输单元FXC E14 x 2 Mbit/s 75 Ohm FXC E1/T1 4 x 2 Mbit/s 120 Ohm FC E1/T1 1 x 2 Mbit/s 75 Ohm or 120 OhmSDH 传 输 单 元FXC STM-115
15、5 Mbit/s63 x 2 Mbit/s optical interface2 connectionsFXC E1-B 16 x 2 drop capacitycross-connection,合路旁路二 路 合 路 器（WBC2:1）四 路 合 路 器（WBC4:1）远 端 调 谐 合 路 器（RTC 6:1）,Nokia UltraSite EDGE 合路方式,Receive Multicoupler,合 路 器 旁 路,Dual Duplex Unit,Antennas,TRX RF Units,Example:2 TRX/cell,二 路 合 路 器（WBC2:1）,Example:
16、4 TRX/cell,Dual Duplex Unit,Antennas,TRX RF Units,Receive Multicouplers&Wideband Combiners,四 路 合 路 器（WBC4:1）,Example:8 TRX/cell,Dual Duplex Unit,Antennas,TRX RF Units,Receive Multicouplers&Wideband Combiners,远 端 调 谐 合 路 器（RTC）,Antennas,TRX RF Units,Example:6 TRX/cell,ReceiveMulticouplers,Remote Tune
17、Combiner,基 站 串 接,机 架 串 接-更 大 的 容 量 1-12 TRX/Cell(BSS10.5)1-108 TRX/Site 分 裂 的 小 区(BSS10.5,MultiBCF)最 少 的 架 间 电 缆 时 钟 同 步 线 A-bis 传 输 线(Flexbus)无 射 频 线(除 非 分 裂 小 区 配 置,如.8+8+8 2 个 机 架),Metrosite 传输解决方案,E1接口(FXC E1,常规配置)4 个E1接口可做串接,星型连接和环型连接 微波接口(FXC RRI,可选)2 个微波ODU接口(2*216x2M)频段:13,15,18,23,26,38 GHz
18、 PDH光纤接口基站不含PDH光纤接口第三方室外小型光端机可内置于基站 SDH光纤接口(FC_STM,可选)2个STM-1接口 L1.1(1310 nm),LC 接头SDH光纤接口(FXC_STM,可选)内置于MetroHub2个 STM-1接口L1.1(1310 nm),LC接头 工作温度-10C 到+50C,Metrosite基站:2个STM-1接口 MetroHub:2个STM-1接口及传输电源备份 支持光网的环路及链型连接,诺 基 亚 光 纤 接 入 方 案,Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS Mini,Moderate-capacity,high-coverage BT
19、S for rural solutions1-4 TRXs,in 1-3 sector2-sectors with 2-way UL diversityMacro BTS RF performanceOutput power(TOC):45.7dBm/46 dBm(900/1800)Sensitivity:-115/115.5 dBm(900/1800)Mounted next to antennaPole mounting at top of mastWall/floor mounting at rooftopUses standard Nokia UltraSite SW&HW48 VDC
20、 or 230(150320)VAC power supply4 slots for transmission units Wired,radio links or STM-1Support for long LMP cableDimensions:1130 x 420 x 530mm(H x W x D)Weight:85 kgTemperature range:-33 to+50 0C,Structure of Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS Mini,Power Supply Units(1)DC AC,TRX Baseband Units(1-3),Base Oper
21、ations and Interface Unit(1),Transmission Units(1-4)FXC E1FXC E1/T1FXC RRISTM-1,Receiver Multicoupler Units 2-way(1-2),Duplex FiltersDual Duplex Unit(1-2),TRX RF Units(1-4),NOTE;Mini is for coverage,so NO WBC(too long unit)or RTC,BSC基本操作软件,BSC基本软件包，包含(但不仅限于)如下部分集采模型要求的软件功能：接收天线分集 非连续发送和话音激活检测 话音信道功率
22、控制 跳频 小区广播 GSM Phase 2/2+短消息*其余模型内应用软件功能和模型外推荐应用软件功能如后面内容所述,Dynamic SDCCH Allocation,In case of SDCCH congestion,one free traffic channel can be changed dynamically to SDCCHWhen SDCCH/8 is no longer needed it is changed dynamically back to TCHExample:,BSS7036,Dynamic SDCCH Allocation,BENEFITSFlexibl
23、e SDCCH signalling capacity for congestion situationsReduced blockingIncreased load handling ability for:Short Message Service,SMSLocation UpdatesCall EstablishmentMost beneficial areas of use:AirportsTrain stationsConference facilitiesOther hot spotsNetwork wide service improvements,BSS7036,Possibi
24、lity to define a list of BCCH carriers to be used in cell selection and reselection by idle state MS.collects statistics about cells,which are not defined as adjacent cells to a cell but are among the six neighbouring cells the MSs receive best.BENEFITS:Double BA list provides fast cell selection/re
25、selection processThe measurements provide statistics for network optimization(finding all the neighbours that are not defined in active state neighbour list).,BSC Measurement FeaturesDouble BA-List Measurement of Undefined Neighbours,Radio Network Optimization Statistics:,RXqual statisticsRXlevel st
26、atisticsLink balance on per MS classmarkTiming advance statistics,RX Quality Statistics,RXquality statistics results are shown on TRX level.The statistics provided by RXquality measurements give a quick overview about differences in UL and DL.BENEFITSRXquality statistics helps network optimization w
27、ork by giving an overview about interference and hardware problem situations.,RX Level Statistics,RXlevel on per RXqualityResults can be shown on TRX,BTS or BSC levelRxLev sub-class is settable,BENEFITS:RXlevel statistics helps network optimization work by giving an overview about interference and i
28、mbalance situations.,Link Balance per MS Classmark,The path balance is calculated as a difference between the signal levels.Path balance=(RxLevDL-ms_sensitivity)(RxLevUL-bs_sensitivity),The path balance difference between the uplink and the downlink path evaluation is divided into 11 subclasses The
29、balance values 20 dB will be considered as 20 dB.,Link Balance per MS Classmark,Results are shown on cell levelBENEFITShows link imbalance problems,Timing Advance Statistics,Results are shown on cell levelShows real cell rangeShows where the subscribers are(distance)BENEFITS:Better detection to MS l
30、ocations improve the handover success rateand call setup ratio.,Directed Retry,Handover from camped cell to neighboring cell after call setup if the camped cell is congested.For mobile originating and mobile terminating calls.Target cell selection according to MS measurement reports.BENEFITS：Directe
31、d retry improves call set-up ratio and guarantees better service for all subscribers.Better signal quality after call has been redirected to adjacent cell,Cell D is selected,C2 Cell reselection parameter,The C2 MS idle mode cell re-selection parameter allows fast moving mobiles to better select a ce
32、ll through which they might expect to receive best service.The C2 is useful in micro cellular environment and also in case of the GSM 900/1800 dual band.The dual band MS can be forced to select the GSM 1800 cell when available.Can be used in GSM/DCS solutions for DCS cells/office cells Benefit:ensur
33、e that MS is camped on the cell which has the highest probability for successful communication,C2 Cell reselection parameter,Macro cell environment,C2 Cell reselection parameter,Office environment solution,C2=C1+Cell_Reselect_Offset-Temporary_Offset*H(Penalty_time-T)where H(x)=0 when Penalty_Time-T=
34、0Temporary_Offset=0 for all cellsCell_Reselect_Offset=100 dB for office cells,0 for surrounding macro cells,Remote BTS MMI,Remote operation of BTS parameters from BSC or NMS/2000.A PC with the BTS-MMI software is used as a user terminal.The PC is connected via RS-232 cable to a service terminal inte
35、rface of the Operation and Maintenance Unit(OMU)of the BSC.All the same functions of the BTS-MMI are available remotely as are locally at the BTS site.BENEFITSWith remote MMI BTS parameter modifications can be done easily without expensive site visits.,Handover Adjacent Cell Measurement,Provides the
36、 following information about handovers:Location area codeHO attempt from cellHO success from cellHO attempt to cellHO success to cellHO attempt from cell failed due to lack of resourcesHO attempt to cell failed due to lack of resourcesThe information is gathered from all handovers or those caused by
37、 user defined reason(s),BSS8014,More Information about Handover Causes,With this feature operator can get more detailed information of handovers and it is thereby helpful in cell planning and network optimising as well as in trouble-shootingUp to four specific reasons can be selected to monitor succ
38、esses and failures of handovers related to these reasonsUL/DL strength/qualityGood C/I ratioForced handoverDirect retryFor better cellFast moving MSDistanceWith no reasons selected handovers due to all reasons are measured(default),BSS8014,Handover Adjacent Cell Measurement,BENEFITSHandover adjacent
39、 cell measurements help to get fast overview which handover relations are not OK.Find unnecessary neighbour cell relations and optimize location areas.Easier network planning and optimization,Queuing and Priority,Each subscriber can be associated with priority information,which defines following thi
40、ngs:Priority level(0-14)-PL Queuing indicator(Queuing allowed/not allowed)-QA Pre-emption capability(Pre-emption allowed/not allowed)-PCI Pre-emption vulnerability(Pre-emption vulnerable/not vulnerable)PVIQueuing:If QA=1,the subscriber is put to the queue to wait if it can be served after a moment.T
41、he queue is sorted according to the priority level of subscribers.The operator can define the maximum queuing time and the length of the queue per cell.Forced Handover:If PCI=1 and PL between 2 and 14,the forced handover may occur for the call(PVI=1)already in progress in the cell and released resou
42、rce will be assigned for a higher priority subscriber.Forced Release:If PCI=1 and PL=1,the forced release will occur for the call(PVI=1)already progress in the cell.,Queuing and Priority,MS with higher priority can enter the network even if there are no free traffic channels available.BENEFITS Queui
43、ng and priority options make it possible to provide better service for high priority subscribers.,Enhanced Trunk Reservation,Radio Resources division according to subscriber type Amount of channels can be granted to priority usersStatic Priority-defined number of channels reserved to priority usersD
44、ynamic Priority-defined number of free channels reserved for priority users(not dependent on the number of ongoing priorised calls)BENEFITS:New services available for new user segments for example authorities,companies.Guaranteed level of services for priority users;Office solutions,for example Pico
45、 Site use,Half Rate,Increased capacity on air interface and all land lines!Each radio TSL can be configured to be a FR,HR,or dual rate(DR)TCH.In the case of DR,the BSC dynamically allocates an idle radio TSL either for HR or FR on a call basis.,Half Rate,Cell load based TCH allocation,Enhanced Full
46、Rate,Specified in ETSIA new speech coding algorithm giving a better speech quality than thecurrent full rate(FR)coding.Uses the existing GSM/DCS full rate channel codingBENEFITSLandline comparable speech quality for the end users,Enhanced Full Rate,BSS Microcellular Features,Chained cells in rapid f
47、ield dropOptimization of the MS Power Level in HandoversFast moving MS handling in macro cellsMS Speed Detection,Concept:Maintain calls in the rapid field drop environment,especially useful in the micro cellular environment.Cells can be defined as“chained”Rapid field drop at e.g.the corner of a buil
48、ding is detected Fast handover to chained cell is triggered,Chained cells in rapid field drop,BSS7031,BENEFITSImproved handover success rate and fewer dropped calls in areas with rapid field drops(typically microcellular areas),Optimization of the MS Power Level in Handovers,Default initial RF power
49、 level is the maximum RF power that an MS is permitted to use on a traffic channel in the target cell.In the case of an intra-BSC handover,the PC/HO algorithm can optimise the initial RF power level so that the RF power level is lower if the radio link properties of the target cell are good.Optimiza
50、tion of the MS power levels cuts down the probability of high RF peaks in the uplink direction after handover or call set-up.BENEFITS:Reduces interference in radio network and improves the voice quality.,Fast moving MS handling in macro cell,Fast moving MSs handled in macro cell,slow moving MSs dire
