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1、VLSM及路由汇总,课程目标,有类路由和无类路由子网划分路由汇总,有类路由协议和无类路由协议,有类路由协议：RIPv1无类路由协议：RIPv2,OSPF,IS-IS,BGPv4,有类路由路由传递,在同一网络内，所有设备可以共享子网路由不同网络之间交换汇总路由汇总路由自动创建根据A（8位）、B（16位）和 C（24位）类网络边界,10.1.0.0/16,172.16.2.0/24,10.2.0.0/16,10.1.0.010.2.0.0172.16.0.0,10.0.0.0172.16.1.0172.16.2.0,10.1.0.010.2.0.0172.16.1.0172.16.2.0,172.
2、16.1.0/24,不包括路由掩码信息,有类路由子网划分,浪费IP地址,无类路由路由传递,每个路由器具有全部网段的详细路由允许手工配置汇总路由,10.1.0.0/16,172.16.2.0/24,10.2.0.0/16,10.1.0.010.2.0.0172.16.1.0172.16.2.0,172.16.1.0/24,10.1.0.010.2.0.0172.16.1.0172.16.2.0,10.1.0.010.2.0.0172.16.1.0172.16.2.0,无类路由 子网划分,在同一网络内，所有路由器接口的子网掩码可以不同支持VLSM（变长掩码）可以充分利用可用的地址,192.168.
3、5.129/27,192.168.5.209/30,192.168.5.33/27,192.168.5.65/27,192.168.5.210/30,S1,S0,E1,E0,E0,满足2个主机地址的需要,DDN,有类路由协议的工作特点,不支持不连续的子网同一主类网络，所有子网掩码长度必须一致,192.168.1.0/16,131.108.1.0/24,131.108.2.0/24,A 广播,131.108.0.0,B 广播,131.108.0.0,Router C:,Where is network,131.108.0.0,?,C,A,B,无类路由协议的工作特点,支持不连续的子网,192.16
4、8.1.0/16,131.108.13.4/30,131.108.13.8/30,131.108.1.0/24,131.108.2.0/24,A 广播,131.108.1.0/24,131.108.13.8/30,B 广播,131.108.2.0/24,131.108.13.4/30,131.108.1.0/24,131.108.2.0/24,131.108.13.4/30,131.108.13.8/30,C,A,B,子网划分,172.16.1.0,172.16.2.0,172.16.3.0,172.16.4.0,子网划分,172.16.2.200,172.16.2.2,172.16.2.16
5、0,172.16.2.1,172.16.3.5,172.16.3.100,172.16.3.150,172.16.3.1,E0,E1,172.16,2,160,主类网络,主机,.,.,Network,Interface,172.16.2.0/24172.16.3.0/24,E0E1,新的路由表,子网,子网划分,主类网络,主机,172.16.2.160,255.255.255.192,10101100,11111111,10101100,00010000,11111111,00010000,11111111,00000010,10100000,11000000,10000000,00000010
6、,子网,16,172,2,128,128192224240248252254255,128192224240248252254255,网络位扩展10比特:1.网络编号2.广播地址3.IP的范围,VLSM(可变长的子网掩码),子网:172.16.32.0/20二进制:10101100.00010000.00100000.00000000,VLSM 地址:172.16.32.0/26 二进制:10101100.00010000.00100000.00000000,子网1:,.,.,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,.,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,=,172.16.32.0/26,1,7,2,.,
7、16,.,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,.,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,=,172.16.32.64/26,1,7,2,.,16,.,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,.,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,=,172.16.32.128/26,1,7,2,.,16,.,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,.,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,=,172.16.32.192/26,1,7,2,.,16,.,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,.,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,=,172.16.33.0/26,主类网络,子网,VLSM子网,主机,1,子网2:,子网3:,子网4:,子网5:,VLSM(可变长的
8、子网掩码):对子网进行划分,1,7,2,16,什么是路由汇总,Routing Table172.16.0.0/16,B,Routing Table172.16.25.0/24172.16.26.0/24172.16.27.0/24,172.16.27.0/24,172.16.26.0/24,172.16.25.0/24,A,路由汇总,172.16.168.0/24=10101100.00010000.10101 000.00000000,相同比特位数=21汇总:172.16.168.0/21,不同比特位数=11,172.16.169.0/24=172.16.10101 001.0,172.16
9、.170.0/24=172.16.10101 010.0,172.16.171.0/24=172.16.10101 011.0,172.16.172.0/24=172.16.10101 100.0,172.16.173.0/24=172.16.10101 101.0,172.16.174.0/24=172.16.10101 110.0,172.16.175.0/24=172.16.10101 111.0,路由汇总示例,CorporateNetwork,172.16.0.0/16,172.16.64.0/20,172.16.128.0/20,172.16.32.64/26,172.16.32.0/24,172.16.128.0/20,172.16.32.128/26,A,B,C,D,172.16.64.0/20,课程回顾,有类路由和无类路由子网划分路由汇总,谢 谢!,
