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1、1,Chapter 13 Carboxylic Acids,Esters,Amines,and Amides,13.3 Esters,2,Esters,In an ester,the H in the carboxyl group is replacedwith an alkyl group.O CH3 COCH3 ester group,3,Esterification is the reaction of a carboxylic acid and alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce an ester.O H+CH3
2、COH+HOCH2CH3 O CH3COCH2CH3+H2O Ethyl acetate(an ester),Esterification,4,Write the equation for the reaction of propanoic acid and methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst.,Learning Check,5,Write the equation for the reaction of propanoic acid and methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst.O H+
3、CH3CH2COH+HOCH3 Propanoic acid Methanol O CH3CH2COCH3+H2O,Solution,6,Ester Products,Aspirinis used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.is an ester of salicylic acid and acetic acid.Oil of wintergreenis used to soothe sore muscles.is an ester of salicylic acid and methanol.,Copyright 2009 by Pear
4、son Education,Inc.,7,Naming Esters,The name of an ester contains the names ofthe alkyl group from the alcohol.the carbon chain from the acid with ate ending.methyl ethanoate(acetate)O CH3 OC CH3IUPAC:methyl ethanoatecommon:methyl acetate,Naming Esters,Esters are namedwith the alkyl group of the alco
5、hol,and the salt(-ate)of the carboxylic acid,8,From methanol(methyl alcohol),From ethanoic acid(acetic acid),9,Esters in Plants,Esters give pleasant fragrances and flavors to many fruits and flowers.,10,Learning Check,Give the IUPAC and common names of the following compound,which is responsible for
6、 the flavor and odor of pears.O CH3 COCH2CH2CH3,11,Give the IUPAC and common names of the following compound,which is responsible for the flavor and odor of pears.from 1-propanol O CH3COCH2CH2CH3propyl ethanoate(IUPAC)propyl acetate(common),Solution,12,Draw the structure of the following compounds.A
7、.3-bomobutanoic acidB.Ethyl propionoate,Learning Check,13,Solution,A.3-bromobutanoic acid Br|CH3CHCH2COOHB.Ethyl propionoate O CH3CH2 COCH2CH3,14,In acid hydrolysis an ester reacts with water to produce a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.an acid catalyst is required.O H+HCOCH2CH3+H2O O HCOH+HOCH2CH3,A
8、cid Hydrolysis of Esters,15,Base hydrolysis or saponification,is the reaction of an ester with a strong base.produces the salt of the carboxylic acid and an alcohol.O|CH3COCH2CH3+NaOH O CH3CO Na+HOCH2CH3 salt of carboxylic acid alcohol,Base Hydrolysis(Saponification),16,Base Hydrolysis of Fatty Acid
9、s Produces Soaps,17,Cleaning Action of Soap,A soapcontains a nonpolar end that dissolves in nonpolar fats and oils,and a polar end that dissolves in water.forms groups of soap molecules called micelles that dissolve in water and are washed away.,Copyright 2009 by Pearson Education,Inc.,18,Write the organic products when methyl acetate reacts withA.water and an acid catalyst.B.KOH.,Learning Check,19,Write the organic products when methyl acetate reacts withA.water and an acid catalyst.O CH3COH+HOCH3B.KOH.O CH3CO K+HOCH3,Solution,
