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1、人教版高中英语系列优秀课件,英国,British IslesGreat BritainEngland The United KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandCommonwealthBritish EmpireVideo,Main Topics,Main Topics,10,What is the British Isles?,The British Isles is a geographical term which includes Great Britain,the whole of Irelan
2、d,and all the offshore islands.,Dept.of Foreign Studies,Politically,the British Isles is made up of U.K.and Republic of Ireland.,Dept.of Foreign Studies,What is Great Britain?,It is the largest island lying off the western coast of Europe,comprising the main territory of the United Kingdom.,Great Br
3、itain includes three political divisions:England,Scotland,and Wales.,Dept.of Foreign Studies,What is the UK?,The United Kingdom is made up ofEngland-The capital is London.Scotland-The capital is Edinburgh.Wales-The capital is Cardiff.Northern Ireland-The capital is Belfast.Numerous smaller islands,T
4、he official namethe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,Different Names,Different Names,Dept.of Foreign Studies,The Commonwealth,The Commonwealth of Nations=the Commonwealth=（formerly）the British CommonwealthEstablished in 1931.a free association of independent countries without sp
5、ecial powers.to cooperate within a framework of common values and goals,outlined in the Singapore Declaration.,Dept.of Foreign Studies,sun-never-setting empire Why was the British empire called“the sun-never-setting empire”?,What is British Empire?,The Sun-never-setting Empire,Colonization of thinly
6、-populated America,Slave trade,East India Company,Foreign Expansion,英国,British Isles Great Britain EnglandThe United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandCommonwealthBritish Empire,不列颠群岛,大不列颠,英格兰,（联合王国）英国,大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国,英联邦,英帝国,Prominence of the current UK,The UK is a membe
7、r of the European Union(EU).one of the five permanent membership of the UN Security Council.a founding member of NATO.one membership of the Group of Eight.,The UK,England:1.more than 130,000 square kilometers(60%）2.highly urbanized country（80%）3.dominance in culture and economy4.capital:London,Scotl
8、and 1.the most rugged part of the U.K.;“the most beautiful scenery in Europe”2.Ben Nevis,the highest mountain in Britain.3.capital:Edinburgh,Wales 1.the smallest among Great Britain;2.the key industry：coal-mining 3.language:welsh;4.capital:cardiff;,Northern Ireland:,In 1949，the Republic of Ireland b
9、ecame independent.Most of the English settlers refused.,Northern Ireland:1.the smallest one;2.mostly rural;3.capital:Belfast,1）The British Isles a geographic term which includes two large islands,and,and 5,000 small islands.2）Great Britain:comprises only England,and _.3）Ireland island:includes North
10、ern Ireland and southern Ireland.Northern Ireland is a part of,while southern Ireland became an independent country.4）The UK:is made up of and.is made up of,_ and_,Ex1:Fill in the blanks below.,Great Britain,Ireland island,Scotland,Wales,The UK,Republic of Ireland,Great Britain,Northern Ireland,Engl
11、and,Scotland,Wales,Northern Ireland,Ex2:What is the reference of each picture?,1,2,3,4,5,6,The UK,Scotland,Great Britain,England,British Isles,Wales,Geographical location,The UK is an _ country.The UK is located in the _ Europe.,The UK,island,northwestern,Geographic location,The UK is country of isl
12、and surrounded by _(to its east),_(to its north)_(to its west and between Great Britain and Ireland),_(to its south).,North sea,Irish sea,Atlantic ocean,English Channel and Strait of Dover,The English Chunnel,English Chunnel=Channel+Tunnel.Open in 199450.5 kilometre75 metres deepone of the Seven Won
13、ders of the Modern World,Eurostar passenger trains goes across English chunnel,Geography Area:total 240,000 sq km Coastline:more than ten thousand kilometers.,Terrain features,Highland Zone in the north and west Lowland Zone in the South and Southeast.,The highland zone,The highlands of ScotlandThe
14、Central lowlands(middle valley)of ScotlandThe southern uplandsThe Pennines:backbone of EnglandThe lake District of CumbriaThe welsh Massif,The Lowland Zone,The midlands of EnglandThe plain of LancastriaThe northeastern lowlands,National Flag,Union Flag(Union Jack),英语专业八级考试在线课堂,National anthem,God Sa
15、ve the Queen(God Save the King),God save our gracious Queen,Long live our noble QueenGod save the QueenSend her victoriousHappy and gloriousLong to reign over us:God save the Queen.Thy choicest gifts in store On her be pleased to pour Long may she reign May she defend our laws And give us ever cause
16、 To sing with heart and voice God save the Queen,上帝保佑女王，祝她万寿无疆，神佑女王常胜利，沐荣光；孚民望，心欢畅；治国家，王运长；神佑女王！扬神威，张天网，保王室，歼敌人，一鼓涤荡。破阴谋，灭奸党，把乱萌一扫光；让我们齐仰望，神佑女王！愿上帝恩泽长，选精品，倾宝囊，万岁女王！愿她保护法律，使民心齐归向，一致衷心歌唱，神佑女王！,The English Language,1.Old English2.Middle English3.Modern English,1.Old English(5th 11th),Indo-European lang
17、uageThe Germanic language(the Old English)The Anglo-Saxons tribe to EnglandThe earliest writings in old EnglishEcclesiastical History of the English Nation by BedeHymn on the Creation by Caedmon,Beowulf,Hwt!We Gar-Dena in geardagum,eodcyninga,rym gefrunon,hu a elingas ellen fremedon.Oft Scyld Scefin
18、g sceaena reatum,2.Middle English(11th 15th),Norman Conquest in 1066French-modeled English;,The Canterbury Tales,written by Geofery Chaucer in the 14th century,Geoffrey Chaucer,3.Modern English(15th),1746,The printing pressbrought standardization of English1755,Samuel Johnsons Dictionaryestablished
19、a standard form of spellingThe rise of the British Empire or the Commonwealth of Nationsspread English,Standard English,=Queens English=BBC English=received Pronunciation based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern Englandbecoming international,Language spoken in four nations,England:Engl
20、ishScotland:Scottish Gaelic(losing ground)English(predominant)Wales:Welsh(a joint official language with English)Northern Ireland:Irish(Gaelic dialect)(second language)English(predominant),Rivers(P7),the longest river,River Severn338 kilometers,Dept.of Foreign Studies,NEW SEVERN BRIDGE,River Thames,
21、the second longest but the most important332 kilometersbest known for flowing through central Londonmany riverside attractions:London Eye,Tower of London,House of Parliament,etc.,Lake(P7),Lough Neagh,the largest lake,in Northern Ireland,Lake District,The Lake District=The Lakes=Lakelandrural area in
22、 North West England.the Lake Poets.,Lake Poets,William Wordsworth,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,Robert Southey,Dept.of Foreign Studies,Climate and weather,Dept.of Foreign Studies,Features of the British climate(P8),ChangeableStrange winter:too high(3 centigrade);summer:too low(20 centigrade).no climate bu
23、t weather.Abundant rainfall:drizzle(Smog),Capital city-London,London is in the _ of the nation and is situated on the _ River near its mouth.,伦敦,Southeast,Thames,Capital city-London,Largest city and largest port in the UKThe political center:The financial center:The cultural center:,City of Fog,Capi
24、tal city-London,London is divided into the City of London and the County of LondonLondon has a reputation for the sharp contrast between the East End and West End,Big Benthe largest four-faced clockDesigned by Duke Benjamin during Queen Victorias reign,Landmarks&Symbols of London,Big Ben,Landmarks&S
25、ymbols of London,The palace of Westminster/House of Parliament,The Palace of Westminster/House of Parliament,Westminster Abbey,Cornation ceremony Royal wedding ceremony Royal tomb“Poets corner”,Westminster Abby,Westminister Abbey,Questions about Westminster Abbey,Who was the first literary figure bu
26、ried here?-Chaucer(father of English history)Who was the last royal family member buried here?-Diana(Rose of England)In the right picture,whose tomb is it?-Newton,The Tower of London,Tower of London,Buckingham Palace,Tower Bridge,The London Eye(The Wheel of Millennium),the largest Ferris wheel in Eu
27、rope(135 meters),London Eye,Greenwich Observatory,Millennium Dome-”Pearl of London”,Major CitiesEdinburgh,Capital of Scotlandadministrative,financial,legal,medical and insurance center of Scotlandbeautiful scenery renowned architecture,Landmarks&Symbols of Edinburgh,Edinburgh Castle,Palace of Holyro
28、od,Major CitiesCardiff,Europes youngest capital city,Landmarks&Symbols of Cardiff,Cardiff City Hall,Millennium Stadium,Cardiff Castle,Major CitiesBelfast,the second largest city capital of Northern Ireland,City Hall,Dept.of Foreign Studies,Belfast Castle,英国人,English British,the people who live in En
29、gland.,the people who live in the United Kingdom.,People,Overall population:about 62 millionsDistribution:90%in urban and 10%in ruralDistribution:England:about 50 millionScotland:over 5 millionWales:around 3 millionNorthern Ireland:about 1.7million,Class Structure(P18),Upper class:peerage,gentry,lan
30、downersMiddle class upper-middle class:senior businessmen,professionals,government officials middle class:junior above lower middle class:small tradesmen,administrative,working class skilled working class:semi-skilled and unskilled working class those at the lowest level of subsistence:pensioners;on
31、 social security,temporary workersUnderclass:on the dole or on welfareCriteria:material wealth,ownership of the means of production,education,occupation,accent,dialect,birth,breeding,and lifestyle.,ethnicity(P13),Multiethnic and multinational,Multiethnic and multinational,People from all cultures an
32、d ethnicities can be found in every corner of Britain。,Population by Ethnic Group in 2001,White 92.1%Mixed 1.2%Asian 4.4%Indian 1.8%Pakistani 1.3%Bangladeshi 0.5%Chinese 0.4%Other Asian(non-Chinese)0.4%,Black:2%Black Caribbean 1.0%Black African 0.8%Black(others)0.2%Other 0.4%,How Britain became a mi
33、xed race society,Britain is and has always been a mixed race society.Early in British history they were invaded by Romans,Saxons,Vikings and Normans and later Africans were brought to Britain by force in the 17th and18th centuries as slaves or servants.Over the years,thousands of people have arrived
34、 in Britain from France,Ireland,Russia,and other countries,escaping from persecution or famine in their own countries.,Immigrants and Their New Cultures,Benefits of diverse societyPeople moving to Britain have brought their own cultures and try to keep two cultures alive,which cause the variety of B
35、ritish culture.Food:traditional food from all around the world are now available in the UKMusic:combination of music from different cultures has sparked many new and popular stylesLiterature:many current popular writers in the UK are from immigrant backgrounds,Negative Results for British Society,Br
36、itish people who used to an ethnically uniform society feel their way of life to be threatened by the newcomers,and see them as competitors in many aspects.Many immigrants believe the police and justice system to be unfair in their dealings with them,and statistics suggest they are right.,Racism,Pro
37、blems between the large white population and the smaller minority groupsThe National Front:the most known racist group in the UKSituation is improving but much progress is needed,Britishness&Englishness(P19),A sense of national identity Key elements:geography,national symbols,people,values and attitudes,cultural habits and behaviors,citizenship,language,and various notable achievements.,Video introduction,
