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1、关于计算机系统维护实验教学改革中英文对照On experimental teaching reform of computer system maintenance in English 摘要：通过对本校计算机系统维护实验课程的教学改革进行探讨，从如何改革传统教学方式，提高学生动手能力入手,以达到使学生的学习和教师的教学都收到事半功倍的效果的目的。同时改变过去学生和老师都不太重视专业选修课程学习和教学的不良倾向。 Abstract: Based on the computer system maintenance experiment course teaching reform were d
2、iscussed, from how to reform the traditional teaching mode, improving students practical ability, to make students studying and teachers teaching get twice the result with half the effort to. At the same time, change the past students and teachers are not paid much attention to professional elective
3、 course learning and teaching in the undesirable tendency.关键词：计算机 系统维护 实验教学 改革 Key words: experimental teaching reform of computer system maintenance对于计算机系统维护实验课程的教学改革问题，学术界有许多改革建议，都有值得借鉴的地方。本文主要从我校教学实际出发，摸索一条改善本门课程教学中存在的问题，并在较短的学习时间内使学生对本门课程产生兴趣，掌握本门课的学习技巧，强化学生的动手能力。 使本门课程的教与学都收到事半功倍的效果。为此，我们针对传统模式
4、下本门课程的不足，探索了三种较为有效的培养学生兴趣和增强其动手能力的方法，以就教于各位同行。 For computer system maintenance of experimental teaching reform for the course of problem, academia has a lot of reform proposals, there is a worthwhile place. This article mainly from the teaching practice, explores a way to improve the course teaching
5、 problems, and in a short period of time so that students learn about the course to generate interest, to master the course learning skills, strengthen the students practical ability. The course of teaching and learning will have a multiplier effect. Therefore, we focused on the traditional mode of
6、this course, explore the three kinds of effective to cultivate students interest and enhance their ability to learn from colleagues.一、 计算机系统维护实验课程的传统教育模式及不足 One, computer system maintenance experimental course of traditional education mode and deficiency计算机系统维护是一门实践性很强的应用性课程，学好这门课程的关键在于多做实验。因此计算机系统维
7、护实验课程的教学显得尤为重要。但在我校，计算机系统维护理论教学与实践教学课程都是专业选修课，且课时十分有限，因此，在传统的教学模式下，计算机系统维护实验课程的教学存在的不足可归纳为以下三方面： The computer system maintenance is a very practical application course, learn this course is the key to do the experiment. Therefore computer system maintenance experiment course teaching is particularly
8、 important. But in our school, the computer system maintenance of theory teaching and practice teaching is the professional elective courses, and the class is very limited, therefore, in the traditional teaching mode of computer system maintenance, experimental teaching shortcomings can be summarize
9、d as the following three aspects:(一) 重理论而轻实践 ( a ) theoretical and practical light计算机系统维护作为专业选修课程，课时比较少，而在这较少的课时中，理论教学的课时比例却占了总课时的三分之二还多，实践教学课时所占比例还不足三分之一。这种严重失调的教学比例，就是重理论轻实践的表现，是对学生动手能力的培养极为不利。 The computer system maintenance as a professional elective courses, class is relatively small, and in th
10、is small class teaching, theory of proportion of the total class 2/3 much still, practice teaching is the proportion of less than 1/3. This is serious and maladjusted teaching proportion, is light weight theory of practice performance, is to cultivate the students practice ability is very bad.(二)传统教
11、学手段难以培养学生的学习兴趣 ( two) the traditional teaching methods to cultivate students learning interest传统的教学手段对本课程的教学都是从计算机的内部结构讲起，讲授计算机的主要配件的性能和基本原理。然后对计算机主要部件出现的故障进行分析，进而告诉学生如何排除故障。接着讲授操作系统的一些知识。这样的教学内容安排，一方面使用传统教材和知识更新都比较慢。另一方面也会使学生学习兴趣逐渐削弱，使一门原本非常生动活泼的课程变得枯燥乏味。 Traditional teaching means on the teaching
12、of the course are from the computers internal structure about teaching computer accessories, main performance and basic principle. Then the main components of the computer malfunction were analyzed, and then tell the students how to troubleshoot. Then some of the knowledge teaching operating system.
13、 The arrangement of teaching content, hand use the traditional teaching material and the updating of knowledge is very slow. On the other hand, may cause the student to study the interest is weakened gradually, so that a door was originally very be lively and vivid programs become boring.(三)忽视了本课程的基
14、础作用对学生学专业技术的重要性 ( three) ignored this course based on learning the importance of professional technology学校教学计划的指针通常是偏向专业重点课程的教学与实验。对于这类基础的选修课程，往往是任学生自由发展，学校不作硬性要求。事实上，学好了这门课程，对学生毕业就业和进一步的学习和工作都有重大影响。故不能忽视本课程的基础作用对学生掌握专业技术的重要性。 School teaching program pointer is normally biased towards professional c
15、ourses focus on teaching and experiment. For this kind of basic elective courses, often let the students free development, the school is not required. In fact, learning this course, the students graduate employment and further study and work have a great impact. It can not ignore this curriculum bas
16、ed on student master professional and technical importance.二、计算机系统维护实验课程教学改革的方法 Two, computer system maintenance experiment course teaching reform methods教学改革的方法包括两个层面：一是学校指导思想的重视及对教师的教学要求。二是如何培养学生的学习兴趣和提高学生的动手能力。经过多年理论与实践教学工作的总结，归纳了几种行之有效的新方法： The method of teaching reform includes two aspects: one
17、 is the school guiding ideology and the importance of the teaching requirement. The two is how to cultivate students learning interest and improve students practical ability. After years of theoretical and practical teaching experience, this paper concludes several effective new method:(一) 学校教学指导思想上
18、的重视和对教师理论与实践并重的要求 ( a ) the school teaching the guiding ideology and the importance of the teaching theory and practice requirement对于学校教学指导思想和理论教学等问题已经有许多教师加以研究过了，在此我们无需赘述2，只着重谈谈自己在教学过程中的一些感受: For schools teaching guiding ideology and theoretical teaching problem has many teachers to study, in which
19、 we need not give uncecessary details 2, only focus on their own in the process of teaching some of the feelings:教师的教学能否吸引学生，使学生产生学习兴趣，关键在于教师的引导。因此学校对教师高标准严要求就显得尤其重要。在这方面,我们认为，学校首先应当从指导思想上树立起重视专业选修课程的实践课程观点。在教学计划上，当理论课时与实践课的课时相冲突时，应重实践。而且要求理论教学与实践教学相结合，即：上理论课的教师必须上该门理论课程的实践课程，而且必须要精通,否则难以解决理论与实践脱节的问
20、题。 Teachers teaching ability to attract students, so that students interested in studying, the key lies in the teacher s guide. Therefore the school for teachers of high standards and strict requirements is particularly important. In this respect, we think, the school should first from guiding ideol
21、ogy, establish professional elective courses practice curriculum view. In the teaching plan, when theory class and practice course of class conflict, should practice. And the requirement of theory teaching and practice of combining teaching, namely: Theory Courses of teachers must be on the theory c
22、ourses practice courses, and must master, otherwise it is difficult to solve the problem of disconnection between theory and practice.(二) 提高学生动手能力的实践方法 ( two) to improve the students abilities of practice method这是本文要论述的重点，也是本课题研究的重点之所在，具体可归纳为三种方法： This article is to discuss the key, is also the key
23、point in this study is, concrete can be classified into three methods:方法之一：加强对硬件知识（特别是计算机的新标准）的讲授 Methods : to strengthen the hardware knowledge ( especially computer new standard ) teaching教师要结合当前计算机市场上最新硬件发展情况，以及社会对计算机硬件维护人才的需求，激发学生学好、用好计算机，维护好计算机的学习热情，充分发挥学生的主观能动性，让学生去感受新的计算机硬件的特性，感受新知识带来的好处，而不是局
24、限于实验项目中所要求的知识点，让学生在实验中眼、手、脑并用，通过学生自由讨论实验，教师掌控全局，最后由老师集中分析讲解学习中出现的突出问题，使学生每次实验都能学到新东西，在紧张有序的实验课中完成实验项目所要求的任务，切实让学生在每节课中都有所获，有所得。 Teachers should combine the current computer market the latest hardware development, and the community of computer hardware maintenance of talent demand, stimulates the stu
25、dent to learn, make good use of the computer, maintenance computer learning enthusiasm, give full play to students subjective initiative, let the students to feel the new computer hardware characteristics, feel the new knowledge of the benefits, and not confined to experimental projects required kno
26、wledge, let the students in the experimental eyes, hands, brain and, through the students the freedom to discuss experiments, teachers in charge, the teacher centered analysis on learning the prominent problem in each experiment, so that students can learn new things, in a tense and orderly experime
27、nt course complete experimental items required by the task, to make the students in each class are awarded, with income.方法之二：借鉴项目教学法 Method two: reference project teaching method受许建豪先生“高职计算机系统维护专业教学改革探索”1一文的启发，试用其项目教学法进行教学。 By Mr. Xu Jianhao computer system maintenance major in vocational colleges t
28、eaching reform and exploration of 1 a paper inspired, try the project teaching method teaching.具体的做法是：1、课程教学开始前，拟定项目教学计划时的工作。2、将该课程分为三大项目板块, 采用项目化实训教学模式进行教学： Specific approach is: 1, before the start of a proposed project course teaching, the teaching plan of work. In 2, the course is divided into t
29、hree major projects plate, to adopt the project of practical teaching mode in teaching:(1)机房计算机系统维护； ( 1) computer system maintenance;(a)利用计算机网络调查当前计算机主要配件的品牌、价格、性能等，每组学生在任务完成时需根据自己的调查，为实验室配置一台满足计算机教学需要、价格在4000元左右的电脑。 ( a ) the use of computer network survey of current main computer accessories bran
30、d, price, performance, each group of students when tasks are completed according to my investigation, laboratory for the configuration of a meet the computer teaching needs, price is in 4000 yuan of computer.(b)独立对计算机整机进行拆装； ( b ) independent of the computer machine for disassembling;(c)利用fdisk与pq进行
31、硬盘分区； ( c ) using fdisk and PQ hard disk partition;(d)BIOS的设置； ( d ) BIOS settings;(e)操作系统安装及优化； ( E ) operating system installation and optimization;(f)装机必备工具软件的使用； ( f ) installation required the use of software tools;(g)网线制作与网络连接以及局域网设置。 ( g ) cable production and connecting to the network and LA
32、N settings.(2)计算机软硬件常见故障的分析与排除； ( 2) computer hardware and software analysis and exclusion of the common trouble;(a硬盘数据的恢复； ( a data recovery of hard disk;(b)恢复恶意代码对注册表的损坏；注册表备份及还原。 ( b ) recovery of malicious code on the registry registry backup and restore damaged.(c)操作系统的备份及还原； ( c ) operating sy
33、stem backup and restore;(d)机房大量电脑操作系统的还原； ( d ) room large computer operating system reduction;(e)计算机维护及监测软件使用； ( E ) computer maintenance and monitoring software;(f)主板故障处理（利用检测卡分析、排除主板故障）。 ( f ) motherboard failure processing ( using detection card analysis, eliminate motherboard failure ).(3)常用办公设备的使用及维护。 ( 3) common office equipments use and maintenance.(a)打印机的使用、维护、故障排除； ( a ) the use of the printer, maintenance, troubleshooting;(b)刻录机的使用、维护、故障排除；( b ) burners using, maintenance, troubleshooting;
