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1、一、子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？”(1.1)林茂荪译： The Master said, Is it not a great pleasure to be able to practise frequently what you have learned? Is it not a real delight to have friends come to visit you from afar?Is it not the mark of a man of honor (君子 junzi) to not take offence when oth
2、ers fail to appreciate your worth? 华兹生译：The Master said, Studying, and from time to time going over what youve learnedthats enjoyable, isnt it ? To have a friend come from a long way offthats a pleasure, isnt it? Others dont understand him, but he doesnt resent itthats the true gentleman, isnt it?刘殿
3、爵译：The Master said, Is it not a pleasure, having learned something, to try it out at due intervals? Is it not a joy to have friends come from afar? Is it not gentlemanly not to take offence when others fail to appreciate your abilities?理雅各译：The Master said, Is it not pleasant to learn with a constan
4、t perseverance and application? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distance quarters? Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?陈荣捷译：Confucius said, Is it not a pleasure to learn and to repeat or practice from time to time what has
5、 been learned? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from afar? Is one not a superior man if he does not feel hurt even though he is not recognized?二、子曰：“不患人之不己知，患不知人也。”(1.16)林茂荪译：The Master said, Do not worry about not being appreciated by others. Rather, worry about your not being able to ap
6、preciate them.华兹生译：The Master said, Dont worry about whether other people understand you. Worry about whether you understand other people. 刘殿爵译：The Master said, It is not the failure of others to appreciate your abilities that should trouble you, but rather your failure to appreciate theirs.理雅各译：The
7、 Master said, I will not be afflicted at mens not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, a good man does not worry about not being known by others but rather worries about not knowing them.三、曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”(1.4)林茂荪译：Master Zeng said, More than
8、 once do I examine myself everyday. Have I done my very best to help others? Have I been faithful to my friends? And have I practiced what my master has taught me?华兹生译：Master Zeng said, Each day I examine myself on three matters. In making plans for others, am I being loyal to them? In my dealings w
9、ith friends, am I being trustworthy? Am I passing on to others what I have not carefully thought about myself?刘殿爵译：Teng Tzu said, Every day I examine myself on three counts. In what I have undertaken on anothers behalf, have I failed to do my best? In my dealings with my friends have I failed to be
10、trustworthy in what I say? Have I passed on to others anything that I have not tried out myself?理雅各译：The philosopher Tsang said, I daily examine myself on three points:whether, in transacting business for others, I may have been not faithful; whether, in intercourse with friends, I may have been not
11、 sincere;whether I may have not mastered and practised the instructions of my teacher.陈荣捷译：Tseng-Tzu said, Every day I examine myself on three points: whether in counseling others I have not been loyal; whether in intercourse with my friends I have not been faithful; and whether I have not repeated
12、again and again and practiced the instructions of my teacher.四、子曰：“吾十有五而有志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”（2.4）林茂荪译：The Master said, When I reached 15, I began devoting myself to learning. At 30, I could stand on my own. At 40, my mind was no longer confused. At 50, I knew what Heaven demande
13、d of me. At 60, I was able to distinguish right from wrong in what other people told me. And since 70, I have been able to follow my hearts desire without transgressing the rules.华兹生译：The Master said, At fifteen I set my mind on learning; by thirty I had found my footing; at forty I was free of perp
14、lexities; by fifty I understood the will of Heaven; by sixty I learned to give ear to others; by seventy I could follow my hearts desires without overstepping the line. 刘殿爵译：The Master said, At fifteen I set my heart on learning; at thirty I took my stand; at forty I came to be free from doubts; at
15、fifty I understand the Decree of Heaven; at sixty my ear was atuned; at seventy I followed my hearts desire without overstepping the line.理雅各译：The Master said, At fifteen, I had my mind bent on learning. At thirty, I stood firm. At forty, I had no doubts. At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven. At s
16、ixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the reception of truth. At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired, without transgressing what was right.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, At fifteen my mind was set on learning. At thirty my character had been formed. At forty I had no more perplexities. At fifty I k
17、new the Mandate of Heaven (Tien Ming). At sixty I was at ease with whatever I heard. At seventy I could follow my hearts desire without transgressing moral principles.子曰：“君子周而不比，小人比而不周。”（2.14）林茂荪译：The Master said, A man of honor associates with many but does not form a clique; the petty-minded man (
18、小人 xiaoren) does the opposite.华兹生译：The Master said, The gentleman is fair-minded and not partisan. The petty man is partisan and not fair-minded. 刘殿爵译：The Master said, The gentleman enters into associations but not cliques; the small man enters into cliques but not associations.理雅各译：The Master said,
19、 The superior man is catholic and no partizan. The mean man is a partizan and not catholic.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, The superior man is broadminded but not partisan; the inferior man is partisan but not broadminded.子曰：“君子不器。”（2.12）林茂荪译：The Master said, A man of honor should not be a mere utensil A utens
20、il serves only to fulfil one specific purpose. According to Confucius, a man of honor should be more than a specialist. He should be able to handle different tasks and situations. Compare this concept with the Renaissance man. .华兹生译：The Master said, The gentleman is not a utensil. Not something to b
21、e used because he has some special knowledge or ability.刘殿爵译：The Master said, The gentleman is no vessel. i.e., he is no specialist, as every vessel is designed for a specific purpose only. 理雅各译：The Master said, The accomplished scholar is not a utensil. 陈荣捷译：Confucius said, The superior man is not
22、an implement (chi). Literally an implement or utensil, chi means narrow usefulness rather than the ability to grasp fundamentals.子曰：“君子和而不同，小人同而不和。”（13.23）林茂荪译：The Master said, A man of honor seeks harmony without identity of views; a petty-minded man seeks identity but not true harmony.华兹生译：The Mas
23、ter said, The gentleman acts in harmony with others but does not ape them. The petty man apes others but is not in harmony with them.刘殿爵译：The Master said, The gentleman agrees with others without being an echo. The small man echoes without being in agreement.理雅各译：The Master said, The superior man is
24、 affable, but not adulatory; the mean man is adulatory, but not affable.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, The superior man is conciliatory but does not identify himself with others; the inferior man identifies with others but is not conciliatory.子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”(2.15)林茂荪译：The Master said, Learning without ref
25、lection will end up in confusion; reflection without learning will end up in peril.华兹生译：The Master said, Learning without thoughts is pointless. Thought without learning is dangerous.刘殿爵译：The Master said, If one learns from others but does not think, one will be bewildered. If, on the other hand, on
26、e thinks but does not learn from others, one will be in peril.理雅各译：The Master said, Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning is perilous.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, He who learns but does not think is lost; he who thinks but does not learn is in danger.子曰：“君子喻于义，小人喻于利。”（4.16）林茂荪译：T
27、he Master said, The man of honor thinks in terms of righteousness. The petty man in terms of gains.华兹生译：The Master said, The gentleman is alert to what is right. The petty man is alert to what is profitable.刘殿爵译：The Master said, The gentleman understands what is moral. The small man understands what
28、 is profitable.理雅各译：The Master said, The mind of the superior man is conversant with righteousness; the mind of the mean man is conversant with gain.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, The superior man understands righteousness (i); the inferior man understands profit.子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”（2.11）林茂荪译：The Master said, H
29、e who is able to acquire new ideas while reviewing old knowledge is worthy of being a teacher.华兹生译：The Master said, Be thoroughly versed in the old, and understand the newthen you can be a teacher.刘殿爵译：The Master said, A man is worth of being a teacher who gets to know what is new by keeping fresh i
30、n his mind what he is already familiar with.理雅各译：The Master said, If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he maybe a teacher of others.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, A man who reviews the old so as to find out the new is qualified to teach others.子曰：“由！诲女知之乎？知之为知之，不
31、知为不知，是知也。”（2.17）林茂荪译：The Master said, Zilu, shall I tell you what the true knowledge is? Say you know when you know, and say you dont know when you dont, that is true knowledge.华兹生译：The Master said, You (Zilu), shall I teach you what it means to know something? When you know, to know you know. When
32、you dont know, to know you dont know. Thats what knowing is.刘殿爵译：The Master said, Yu, shall I tell you what it is to know. To say you know when you know, and to say you do not when you do not, that is knowledge.理雅各译：The Master said, Yu, shall I teach you what knowledge is? When you know a thing, to
33、hold that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it;that is knowledge.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, Yu, shall I teach you the way to acquire knowledge? To say that you know when you do know and say that you do not know when you do not knowthat is the way to acquire knowl
34、edge. 子曰：“知者乐水，仁者乐山。知者动，仁者静。知者乐，仁者寿。”（6.23）林茂荪译：The Master said, The wise love the waters, the humane love the mountains. The wise love activity, the humane tranquility. The wise enjoy life, the humane are blessed with longevity.华兹生译：The Master said, The wise delight in water; the humane delight in
35、mountains. The wise move; the humane are still. The wise are happy; the humane live long.刘殿爵译：The Master said, The wise find joy in water; the benevolent find joy in mountains. The wise are active; the benevolent are still. The wise are joyful; the benevolent are long-lived.理雅各译：The Master said, The
36、 wise find pleasure in water; the virtuous find pleasure in hills. The wise are active; the virtuous are tranquil. The wise are joyful; the virtuous are long-lived.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, The man of wisdom delights in water; the man of humanity delights in mountains. The man of wisdom is active; the ma
37、n of humanity is tranquil. The man of wisdom enjoys happiness; the man of humanity enjoy long life.子曰：“志于道，据于德，依于仁，游于艺。”（7.6）林茂荪译：The Master said, I set my mind on the Way, persist in virtue, rely on humaneness and delight in the arts.华兹生译：The Master said, Set your sights on the Way, base yourself o
38、n the virtue, rely on humaneness, relax with arts.刘殿爵译：The Master said, I set my heart on the Way, base myself on virtue, lean upon benevolence for support and take my recreation in the arts.理雅各译：The Master said, Let the will be set on the path of duty. Let every attainment in what is good be firmly
39、 grasped. Let perfect virtue be accorded with. Let relaxation and enjoyment be found in the polite arts.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, Set your will on the Way. Have a firm grasp on virtue. Relay on humanity. Find recreation in the arts.子曰：“君子坦荡荡，小人常戚戚。”（7.37）林茂荪译：The Master said, The man of honor has peace o
40、f mind, while the petty-minded man is constantly troubled by anxiety.华兹生译：The Master said, The gentleman is composed, at peace with things. The petty man is constantly fretting, fretting.刘殿爵译：The Master said, The gentleman is easy of mind, while the small man is always full of anxiety.理雅各译：The Maste
41、r said, The superior man is satisfied and composed; the mean man is always full of distress.子曰：“父母在，不远游，游必有方。”（4.19）林茂荪译：The Master said, Do not travel to distant places when your parents are alive. If you have to do so, always let them know where you are.华兹生译：The Master said, While his father and m
42、other are alive, a son should not go on distant journeys. If he travels, he must have a fixed destination.刘殿爵译：The Master said, While your parents are alive, you should not go too far afield in your travels. If you do, your whereabouts should always be known.理雅各译：The Master said, While his parents a
43、re alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, When his parents are alive, a son should not go far abroad; or if he does, he should let them know where he goes.子曰：“质胜文则野，文胜质则史，文质彬彬，然后君子。”（6.18）林茂荪译：The Master
44、said, Substance without refinement is uncouth. But refinement without substance is pedantic. Only when substance and refinement are well blended can there be a man of honor.华兹生译：The Master said, Where solid qualities outweigh refinement, you have rusticity. Where refinement outweighs solid qualities
45、, you have the clerkly style. Refinement and solid qualities beautifully balancedthen you have the gentleman.刘殿爵译：The Master said, When there is a preponderance of native substance over acquired refinement, the result will be churlishness. When there is a preponderance of acquired refinement over na
46、tive substance, the result will be pedantry. Only a well-balanced admixture of these two will result in gentlemanliness.理雅各译：The Master said, Where the solid qualities are in excess of accomplishments, we have rusticity; where the accomplishment are in excess of the solid qualities, we have the mann
47、ers of a clerk. When the accomplishment and solid qualities are equally blended, we then have the man of virtue.陈荣捷译：Confucius said, When substance exceeds refinement (wen), one becomes rude. When refinement exceeds substance, one becomes urbane. It is only when ones substance and refinement are properly blended that he becomes a superior man.子在川上，曰：“逝者如斯夫！不舍昼夜。”（9.17）林茂荪译：Standing by a river, the Master declared, Thus time flows by, never ceasing day or night.华兹生译：Standing by a stre
