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1、本科毕业论文题 目 论乔治奥威尔动物庄园的象征主义学 生 学 号 指导教师 年 级 专 业 二级学院 B.A. Thesis On the Symbolism in George Orwell s Animal Farm ByLi YuanSupervisor: Associate Professor Xue MeiA Thesis Submitted to School of Foreign LanguagesOf Handan College in Partial FulfillmentOf the Requirement for the DegreeOf Bachelor of Arts
2、Handan, ChinaMay, 2012AcknowledgementsIamgladtoexpressmygratitude.Firstofall,Iwouldliketo extend my most sincere gratitude to my teacher Xue Mei, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. In this period she has given me much
3、advices and useful suggestions on my thesis. I thank her for generously sharing her knowledge and time, for being patient with my questions.Theresearchinthisarticlewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutherhelp.I am also thankful to other professors, who have taught me and enlightened me with their instruct
4、ive lectures.Whats more, I am also thankful to my classmates, especially my roommates who have offered much help. And they have provided me with reference materials of great value. Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through the
5、se years. I am grateful to my parents for their unfailing understand and considerate care.AbstractThe famous novel Animal Farm is one of the works written by George Orwell. This novel is his masterpiece and published in England in 1945. Time magazine regards the book as one of the 100 best English-l
6、anguage novels. The various usage of symbolism in Animal Farm makes the novel as a famous work of the world. This thesis intends to analyze the symbolism in this novel. It is mainly divided into three parts. Chapter One mainly analyzes the authors use of symbolism in the different characters. The an
7、imals of the main characters represent different people according to the story. Chapter Two focuses on the symbolism of the scenes. The farmhouse and the Sugar Candy Mountain have various meanings in different time. Chapter Three discusses the symbolic significances of the slogans and the windmill.
8、Its symbolic meaning changes in different time. And the project of Windmill has a large proportion in this novel. As an allegorical novel, Animal Farm satires the Russian Revolution. By using symbolism, the author portrays us a utopian state created by some animals. At the end of the thesis, a concl
9、usion can be drawn that the employment of symbolism helps to deepen the theme. Key words: symbolism characters scenes slogans windmill摘 要乔治奥威尔的小说动物庄园在1945年于英国出版。作为奥威尔的代表作，这部小说曾被“时代”杂志列为英国一百部最佳小说之一。丰富象征手法的运用使动物庄园这部小说闻名于世界。本文旨在通过对动物庄园的文本研究，分析小说中大量使用的象征主义。本文共分为三部分。第一章主要分析作者在不同动物角色中象征的运用。在故事中不同的动物角色都有自己
10、不同的代表意义。第二章主要是对场景的象征进行分析。在不同的时期农舍和糖果山都有不同的象征意义。第三章则主要分析了小说中口号和风车的深层象征意义。小说中口号的不断改变和风车工程都有其具体意义。作为著名的寓言小说，动物庄园用象征的手法讽刺了俄国革命。并给读者展示了一个由动物领导的乌托邦社会。在最后，本文通过深刻的分析和总结可以看出象征手法的运用大大深化了小说的主题。关键词: 象征；角色；场景；口号；风车 ContentsAcknowledgementsiAbstractiiAbstract (Chinese) iiiIntroduction1Chapter One The Symbolism of
11、 the Characters31.1 The Symbolism of the Pigs 41.2 The Symbolism of the Other Animals5Chapter Two The Symbolism of the Scenes62.1 The Symbolism of the Farmhouse62.2 The Symbolism of the Other Farms6 2.3 The Symbolism of Sugar Candy Mountain7Chapter Three The Symbolism of the Slogans and the Windmill
12、83.1 The Symbolism of the Slogans83.2 The Symbolism of the Windmill9Conclusion11Notes12Bibliography13IntroductionGeorge Orwell is a well-known novelist and journalist in the 20th century. He is known to be a political writer too. Animal Farm is one of his famous novels and it is a satire of the Russ
13、ian revolution. Animal Farm is a story of many animals revolt against their human master then creates a utopian state. However, all of these things have many common points with the Russian history.There are full of symbolism in George Orwells Animal Farm. George Orwell employs the symbolism in the c
14、haracters of the novel, the scenes of the novel, the slogans and the windmill. George Orwell uses the symbolism to reveal the theme. At the same time, he tries to use this skill to attract people to read this novel.Animal Farm is one of the greatest novels in British literature. The author who write
15、s in many ways to reflect the animal word is similar with the Russian history. Many researchers are fascinated by its permanent artistic charms and literary values, and they have analyzed this novel from different points, so some initial resources in my literature review I want to use include the fo
16、llowing aspects.A Comparative Study of Satire in Their Novels written by Bhat Yashoda, is published in 1991. It tells that George Orwell is a celebrated novelist and thinker in Britain in the 20th century. In the novels of Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-four George Orwell has many different opinion
17、s with Stalin. Because he laughed at the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, his socialist identity is suspected. However, George Orwell insists on his innocence. We can know some of his viewpoints in these novels. The capitalism and the revolution of proletariat are going against the society.Anoth
18、er book named Tragic Realism and Modern Society, is written by John Orr and published in 1989. It points out that the Animal Farm is a political and allegorical novel. In this novel, there are full of totalitarianism. From the political point of view, totalitarianism has six characteristics. This vi
19、ew is put forward by Friedrich and Brzezinski. Through analyze the novel, we can find these six characters in Napoleon. The rule of Napoleon is proving the certainty of totalitarianism in Animal Farm.What is more, John R. Hammonds A George Orwell Companion A Guide to the Novels, is published in 1982
20、. It says that, George Orwells Animal Farm is the worlds most famous political allegory literary novel. As some critics say, this novel describes a country under various horrors. In this farm, hard life is not the most terrifying thing. Totalitarian rule is the most terrible thing. And in the Animal
21、 Farm George Orwell creates an Orwellian society and Orwellian language. “Orwellian” is applied to all kinds of totalitarian rule. A Review on Animal Farm written by Bao Dongmei, is published in Journal of Guizhou University of Technology (Social Science Edition), in 2008. It notes that the politica
22、l fairy story Animal Farm is one of the representative works of George Orwell, the famous British novelist. On the face of it , the novel just is a childrens story. If the deep meaning can be ignored, the novel has a common meaning of criticism. It is the social reality of criticism. The animals thr
23、ow out the human master but themselves become dictatorship rulers. “The Political Word in FictionAn Interpretation of George Orwells Animal Farm written by Pan Yihe, is published in Journal of Ningbo University (Liberal Arts Edition), in 2008. It portrays that George Orwells Animal Farm is not the m
24、ost famous novel at early stage. His novel content attack political society seriously. Through the description of a utopian social created by some animals, he expresses his views of social and political. He wants to find out the method of free society and break the political cycle. He hopes readers
25、to find out the social justice method together.In addition, Totalitarianism in Animal Farm written by Xu Jian, is published in Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Social Science Edition), in 2011. At first, the animals are hoping for a new world. But at last, they give up their right gradually
26、. Centralization is like this form. In Animal Farm, George Orwell expresses his intense anger. Animals are the same with human people. Human in this society have lost their discourse right. A free society is replaced by totalitarianism. In order to find happiness and freedom, people should seek equa
27、lity bravely.Zhou Jies George Orwell and His Animal Farm in Journal of Fuyang Teachers College, is published in 2000. It tells that George Orwell has been looking forward to the liberation of the oppressed people, especially proletarians. In Animal Farm, he exposes the dark side of the Soviet societ
28、y led by Stalin. The real life is not so far from the satire. It shows that Stalins centralized rule. He not only criticized the realistic society, but also warned the future life. However, Orwell ignores the positive aspects of totalitarian in some special period. Liu Yis From Heaven to Hell: Decon
29、struction of Utopia by Dystopian Fiction is a master thesis from Shanghai International Studies University. It says that by analyzing two classical works named Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-four, we try to explore the situation of mankind today. “Utopia” is a word representing all ideal societies.
30、 All of the utopian literatures could give the readers a picture of beautiful world. And it can beautify the social situation. On the contrary, dystopian literatures satirize the reality by exaggerating the dark side of society. Jiang Xins Dystopia in the Animal Farm is published in Overseas English
31、, in 2011. Animal Farm written by George Orwell, who is well-known as a political fable. He shows a social form with an easy story. His humorous writing style as well as strengthen the political significance. This novel is a dystopian literature. The utopian state created by some animals is could no
32、t last long. Because of the cruel reality, it is not possible to achieve true equality. Utopia society is an ideal of mankind. Black Humor in George Orwells Animal Farm written by Zhao Yuhong, is published in Journal of Jilin Institute of Architecture, in 2010. It says that Orwell uses black humor s
33、kills to describe the entire story. In this novel, he describes a simple animal farm by black humor. However, in the farms back is complicated political. Through the humorous language the readers could understand the novel early.Animal Farm is one of the best works of George Orwell, and it gives a c
34、omprehensive understanding about the totalitarianism to the readers. So far, many scholars have made a lot of researches from different aspects, such as its signification, the theme about the story, and the black humor in this novel. Because George Orwell employs the symbolism in various ways in thi
35、s novel, there should be a further study on its symbolism.In the novel, George Orwell employs the symbolism in the characters of the novel, the scenes of the story and many slogans in this story to express the theme. The thesis includes three parts, giving a comprehensive discussion on the symbolism
36、 in the above aspects. Through these new ways of studying, the thesis will make the readers recognize George Orwells wonderful writing skills and meaningful novels as well as a better understanding of the theme of the Animal Farm. He uses a new animal farm to symbolize a much more serious problem. T
37、otalitarianism cannot promote economic development. Animal Farm states a clear theme that is satire the ugly tyranny and seeks the truth equality.Chapter One The Symbolism of the Characters In Animal Farm, different characters are used as symbols to symbolize meanings that can be related to people i
38、n Russian history. There are many kinds of animals represent different meanings. However, the pigs play a big part in the novel. At the same time, there have many other animals too, such as horses, birds, and donkey and so on. This chapter will focus on analyzing the symbolism of the two main charac
39、ters: the different pigs and the other animals.1.1 The Symbolism of the PigsThe Old Major is the old boar on the Manor Farm, and it is named Middle White Boar. One night he calls the animals on the farm for a meeting. In this meeting he shares a dream to other animals. He says that “Man is the only
40、creature that consumes without producing,”1 and points out that it is time to overthrow their human leader. After the Old Major dies, Snowball and Napoleon, two pigs lead the other animal revolt and drive the human master from the farm. Then they change the name of the farm, this new farm is called
41、“Animal Farm”. The Old Major puts forward an advice of change the living condition for animals. In animal farm, he is the father of “Animalism”. In this novel he represents Karl Marx and symbolizes the Vladimir Lenin too. Vladimir Lenin is the original communist leader as the Old Major in animal far
42、m. Snowball and Napoleon are two young pigs. After the Old Major dies, two young pigs begin to struggle. Both of them want to be the leader of the farm. Snowball is mainly based on Leon Trotsky. In this novel, he leads the successful first harvest. Because the successful harvest he gets many animals
43、 and win their trust, but he does not became the leader of the farm in the final. Snowball also has some common points with Vladimir Lenin. He really works for the farm and helps the other animals. At the same time he formulates a long-term plan to develop productivity and builds a utopian state. Co
44、mpared with napoleon, Snowball is more intelligent and less sly. But Napoleon slander Snowball is a saboteur and the rumor is rapidly dispersed. Finally, Napoleons dogs chase Snowball from the farm. Napoleons role is gradually clear and we can see that he is parable for Stalin. He is the main evildo
45、er in this farm. When the Old Major dies, Napoleon feels it is time to establish his power. Then he begins to training nine attack dogs to confirm his power. All of the forces under his control and he is the real leader. He forces other animals by his attack dogs. Just as Stalin, he uses military fo
46、rce to strengthen his rule. In Russia, Stalin is a dictator too. With the development of the farm, Napoleon seems to be a good leader at the previous stage. He encourages social forces in build windmill and he is in charge of agriculture. However, after driving Snowball off the farm, Napoleon threat
47、s to the other animals to work hard. With the story developing, he gradually changes the rulers for his benefit. He has many special powers and living in luxury gradually. At the end of the novel, Napoleon own all of the powers and he begins leave the original equality of animalism behind.Squealer i
48、s a pig too. But he is one of Napoleons tools. He is responsible for the propaganda work of the entire farm. He could turn black into white and he is Napoleons right hand man. In this novel, he represents the Russian media in Stalin period. In Animal Farm, pigs are main characters and leaders. People are likely to connect the pigs with the leaders in Russia.1.2 The Symbolism of the Other Animals With the lead of Napoleon, there are many ot
