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1、HF or LF inverter 高频还是工频?,99%国产逆变器:High frequency inverter(small transformer)高频逆变器(小变压器),Studer 逆变器low frequency inverter(big transformer)工频逆变器(大变压器),根据电路设计不同,正弦波逆变器可以分为工频变压器隔离型,和高频变压器隔离型。,HF or LF inverter高频还是工频?,Different Topology不同的拓扑电路,Efficiency curve HF vs LF 逆变效率比较曲线 红色:Studer逆变器蓝色:国产高频逆变器,HF
2、 inverter:max.Efficiency at nominal power out 高频逆变器在达到额定功率输出时,效率才是最高。工频逆变器在功率输出比较小时效率就很高。,Inverter efficiency in AC SHS逆变器效率(交流户用系统中),The efficiency of a system is the sum of efficiency of systems parts.系统的效率是系统各个部件效率的总和The inverter efficiency is one key part of it.逆变器效率是一个关键部分,Be careful when inter
3、preting very sexy curves from manufacturer:this could hide some other key parameters like no-load consumption and stand-by consumption.小心不要被高频逆变器厂家提供的美妙曲线所打动:很多逆变器厂家,隐藏了一些更为重要参数,如自身损耗(无负载状态下)和待机状态损耗,AC in small SHS,Efficiency in AC SHS交流户用系统效率,The efficiency at partial load is a key point to obtain
4、an acceptable system efficiency.The no load consumption is a good indicator of this key point 在部分负载时,逆变器输出效率是一个关键点,这个值应作为系统长期运行的效率。注意:逆变器自身损耗可以完全反映这个关键点的性能。,Integration of losses for a 610 Wh/day simulated load profile 模拟一天耗电610Wh负载运行图。对应的逆变器能量损耗:蓝色代表负载24小时耗能曲线。粉色代表高频逆变器能量损耗(自身功耗高,没有待机模式)。黄色代表STUDER
5、工频逆变器的能量损耗(自身功耗低,并有待机模式)。,AC in small SHS,案例计算:Small system with 2 to 3 m2 of solar panel,250Wh/m2 production inverter power 350W小太阳能系统:2到3平米太阳能板,发电250瓦时/平米,350W逆变器Case 1:MIC350(Conergy 高频逆变器)Self consumption of the inverter:9.5W 自身损耗是9.5瓦During 24h:228Wh(0.91m2 of panel!)24小时耗电228瓦时(约0.91平米太阳能板)Cas
6、e2:AJ350(Studer逆变器)Self consumption of the inverter:4W and 0.5W standby mode自身耗电:4W(工作)和0.5W待机状态16h ON and 8hours standby:68Wh(0.27m2 of panel)16 小时工作和8小时待机:耗电68瓦时(约0.27平米太阳能板)No standby:96Wh(0.38m2 of panel)无待机耗电:96瓦时(约0.38平米),First conclusion:Self consumption can be dominant in a system第一个结论:逆变器自身
7、耗电在系统里是很突出的,HF or lf inverter 高频还是工频?,案例计算:Case 1:inverter efficiency 0.95 constant 例1:高频逆变效率0.95不变(optimistic case)(假设最理想状态)Conversion losses:31Wh 逆变损耗:31瓦时Total losses:259Wh 总损耗:259瓦时Case 2:inverter efficiency 0.75 constant 例2:工频逆变效率0.75不变(very pessimistic case)(非常保守假设)Conversion losses:155Wh 逆变损耗
8、:155瓦时Total losses:223Wh 总损耗:223瓦时,Second conclusion:Efficiency is not important compared to low consumption and a working at standby mode第二个结论:逆变效率不是起决定性的,逆变器自身耗电低并且有待机模式是最重要的。,HF or lf inverter 高频还是工频?,Third conclusion:Efficiency at low power is more important than peak efficiency due to the natur
9、e of the load.Nominal power and even half power efficiencies are irrelevant.第三个结论:分析现实负载的运行,在低功率输出时的逆变效率比峰值效率更加重要。工频逆变器更适合孤岛系统(用户负荷大部分时间是低于峰值功耗的),HF or lf inverter 高频还是工频?,15%Pnom,大量的调查表明:逆变器大部分时间运行是低于额定功率15%。左图典型的家用系统,负载曲线。,逆变器过载能力分析Case 1:MIC350 peak power 700VA(0.5s)MIC350 max.output 400VA(180s)MIC 350当输出过载700VA时,不允许超过0.5秒。MIC 350最大输出功率是400VA,不超过3分钟。Case 2:AJ350 peak power 650VA(5s)AJ350 5min.Power 500VA AJ 350当负载过载650VA时,可以工作5秒钟。AJ350的30分钟过载功率是500VA。,Fourth conclusion:LF inverter has more capability of overload power第四个结论:工频逆变器能承受更高的负载功率冲击,HF or lf inverter 高频还是工频?,