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1、Unit 5First Aid,Part 1Words and expressions,*aid:1)（v.）aid sb.to do sth.aid sb.in doing/with sth.帮助某人做某事 eg.I aided her to continue her study.=I aided her in continuing her study.我帮助她继续做研究=I aided her with her study.2)（n.）first aid 急救 a hearing aid 助听器 with the aid of/with sbs aid 在的帮助下 in aid of 用以
2、援助.;作为援助.之用 eg.collect money in aid of the poor筹集钱用以援助穷人 come/go to sb.s aid 前来/去援助某人 give/offer aid to sb.给予帮助,*injury：1)（n.）身体;感情;名誉 be an injury to 伤害.,危害.,对.有害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人 an injury to ones reputation损毁 的名誉 I take it as a personal injury.add insult to injury落井下石 to su
3、ffer injuries to the head 头部受伤 eg.He suffered severe injury to his leg.他遭到了严重的腿伤 2)（vt.）injure 使受伤 They injure the woman他们伤害了这个女人 injured（adj.)受伤（表示受伤的状态）sb.get injured某人受伤了 3)(adj)injurious(to)有害的，致伤的 eg.Smoking is injurious to health,especially to the lungs.吸烟有害健康，尤其对肺,*sprain（n.）扭伤（vt）扭伤,损伤 eg.I
4、sprained my ankle/wrist when I fell.我跌倒时扭伤了踝骨/手腕。He got a foot sprain in his ankle.他脚踝受了严重的扭伤。*fall ill：1）fall ill生病（表示生病的动作）eg.Falling ill is the proper cause for absence of work 生病是不去上班的正当理由 2）拓展：be ill 生病（表示生病的状态）He pretended to be ill.他假装生病了。,*choke(vi.&vt.)choke sb.to death 使窒息死亡，掐死 choke on a
5、fish 鱼刺卡在喉咙里 choke with anger 气得说不出话来 choke(hold)back ones tears 忍住泪水 choke ones feelings 抑制感情 eg.The smoke almost choked me.烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来 The streets in the centre of the city were choked up with traffic.市中心的街道被车辆 堵塞了.*bleed（vi）出血，流血 eg.He bleed a lot of blood in the accident.在事故中他留了很多血,*burn 烧伤 eg-H
6、e is burning to tell us the news.-He takes his exam next week,so hes burning the midnight oil now.-Money burns a hole in sbs pocket.有钱就花,大手大脚 She was always scared to appear in public because of the large burn on her face.因为脸上的大面积烧伤，她非常害怕在公开场合露面。-Have money to burn有的是钱-Feel ones ears burning觉得耳朵发烧(认
7、为有人在说自己)-Burn the candle at both ends操劳过度,*essential：1）（adj.）=basic,necessary 2）（n.）essentials 必需品;要素,要点 the essentials of grammar 语法要点 eg.Food is essential to live.食物是维持生命不可或缺的 Personal space is essential for healthy living.(拥有）个人空间是健康生活所必需的。,*organ n.器官 The eyes are the organs of sight.眼睛是视觉器官.The
8、 liver is an organ and so is the heart.肝脏是一个器官,心脏也是。state organs 国家机构 organic adj.器官的,有机的,组织的 organic vegetables 有机肥料灌溉的蔬菜,layer:a depth or level 深度或层次 a poem with several layers of meaning.有多层含义的诗歌 a layer of dust on the windowsill 窗台上的一层灰尘 a cake with four layers 四层蛋糕,heal vt.,vi.治愈（伤口）；使复原 The wo
9、und soon healed up/over.Time is a great healer.(谚)heal sb.Of sth He was healed of his sickness.他病已痊愈。Time heals all sorrows.时间会治愈一切忧伤。treat“治疗”，着重强调过程，不涉及结果，不一定治愈。heal 多用于治疗外伤。cure“治愈”，强调结果。,swell vi.&vt.(swelled,swelled/swollen)Her leg has swollen badlyThe wind swelled the sails.风鼓起了帆。The heavy rai
10、n swelled the river大雨使河水上涨了。swollen 可作形容词，表示“肿胀的”Her eyes were red and swollen with weeping.Have a swelled/swollen head(指因突然成功)冲昏头脑,nerve n.神经,勇气；魄力；胆量 a man of nerve 勇敢的人,有勇气的人(pl)神经质；神经过敏 She gets nerves before every examination.每次考试前她都很紧张。Get on sbs nerves刺激或烦扰某人Stop whistling!Its/Youre getting o
11、n my nerves.,jewellery 和jewel 的辨析：两者均有“珍宝首饰”之意，jewellery 为集体名词，不可数；jewel 为可数名词 She appeared at the party wearing some of her finest_.A.jewels B.jewelleries C.jewel D.jewellers I want to buy _ as a birthday gift for my daughter.A.some jewel B.a piece of jewelC.a jewellery D.a piece of jewellery,squee
12、ze out 榨出，挤出他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。They have been squeezed out of the job market by young people.squeeze money from sb 向某人勒索钱财squeeze money out of sb那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。The young man often squeezes money from/out of the pupil.,In place 在适当的位置，适当 out of place 不在适当的位置，不适当 in place of 代替 take the place of 代替She l
13、ikes everything _ beforeshe starts work.Her criticisms were quite_.(她的批评太不相宜了）Let me go _your _.,to be in place,out of place,in,place,给予，赠送present+sb.+with+sth.授予某人 He presented her with a gold medal.present+sth.+to+sb.颁发给某人 He presented a gold medal to her.He presented(赠送)a sum of money to our scho
14、ol in aid of some poor students.(2)提出，呈现present reasons 提出理由3)上演present a new play,20.stab v.He stabbed the woman with a knife and she died.他用小刀把这位妇女刺死了a stab(stab sb.)in the back 暗箭伤人,背后中伤21.bruise 擦伤；打伤；使成瘀伤 She bruised her knee.她的膝盖擦伤了。擦伤（水果、植物等）；碰损 Soft fruit bruises easily.细嫩的水果容易碰损22.authentic
15、 authentic news 可靠的消息 an authentic painting by Piccaso毕加索的真迹,-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?-Yes.He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.After B.unless C.until D.when2.-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?-Yes.He would never praised him _ he could become one of the top students in his grade.A.After B.unless C.until D.when,
