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1、Slips,Trips,and Falls Prevention滑倒、绊倒和跌倒的预防,Issue S T F问题 滑倒、绊倒&跌倒,STFs represents#1 cause of injury滑倒、绊倒&跌倒（STF）是造成损伤的第1原因STFs occur in any part of the workplace whether inside or outside.STF的发生会出现在室内外工作场所的任何地方STFs may result in serious outcomes STF可能导致严重后果STFs cost to both worker and employer can
2、be great STF可以给雇员和雇主带来巨大的损失STFs is like stepping on money STF带来经济损失,To Worker对雇员而言：,To Employer对雇主而言：,Pain疼痛lost wages损失薪水temporary or permanent disability暂时或永久性残疾reduced quality of life生活质量减低Depression沮丧消沉,loss in productivity and business生产和业务受损increased industrial insurance premiums工伤保险费用升高costs
3、associated with training replacement worker与培训替代雇员有关的成本cost of medical treatment医疗成本,Slip滑倒,绊倒Trip,Definition of STF滑倒、绊倒&跌倒（STF）的定义,When your foot(or lower leg)hits an object and your upper body continues moving,throwing you off balance.当你的脚部（或小腿）碰到一个物体，而你的上身继续移动时，你会失去平衡。,Occurs when you are too fa
4、r off your center of balance.当你距离自身的平衡中心点过远时，你会跌倒。,When you step down unexpectedly to a lower surface(Misstep)and lose your balance,e.g.,stepping off a curb.当你突然踏空（失足）并失去平衡时，比如，在道牙上踏空。,When there is too little friction or traction between your feet(footwear)and the walking or working surface,and you
5、 lose your balance.当你的脚部（鞋）与行走或工作的路面之间的摩擦力或牵引力过小时，你因此失去平衡。,Trip绊倒,Definition of STF Friction:The resistance encountered when an object(foot)is moved in contact with another(ground).Friction is necessary in order to walk without slipping.STF摩擦力的定义：一个物体（脚部）与另一个物体（地面）接触并在该物体上移动时产生的阻力。摩擦力是平稳行走的必要因素。,Fal
6、l跌倒,Common types of STF Injuries:滑倒、绊倒&跌倒造成的常见伤害类型：,Sprains,strains扭伤、拉伤Bruises,contusions瘀伤、挫伤Fractures骨折Abrasions,lacerations擦伤、破口,Commonly affected Body Parts:容易受伤的身体部位：,Knee,Ankle,Foot膝盖、踝部、脚部Wrist,Elbow手腕、肘部Back后背Shoulder肩膀Hip髋部Head头部,MANY OF THESE COULD HAVE BEEN PREVENTED很多事故本来可以避免,According
7、to the U.S.Department of Labor,slips,trips,and falls make up the majority of general industry accidents.根据美国劳工部的数据，滑倒、绊倒和跌倒占一般工伤事故的大部分。25%of reported claims per fiscal year are due to STF在每财年的上报索赔记录中，25%与滑倒、绊倒和跌倒有关。Over 17%of all disabling work injuries are the result of falls在所有导致残疾的工伤中，超过17%是由跌倒造成
8、的。,Human Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips,Trips and Falls增加滑倒、绊倒&跌倒发生的人为因素,Factors of STF导致滑倒、绊倒&跌倒的因素Health and physical condition can impair a persons vision,judgment,and balance.健康和身体状况会影响一个人的视觉、判断力和平衡性Eyesight,visual perception视力、视觉感知Age年龄Physical state,fatigue身体状况、疲劳Stress,illness压力、疾病Medic
9、ations,alcohol,drug药物治疗、饮酒、吸毒Behaviours actions you choose and control can contribute to a slip,trip,and fall injury if you set yourself up for one.行为 如果你马虎大意，那么你选择和支配的行为将会导致滑倒、绊倒和跌倒损伤。Carrying or moving cumbersome objects,or too many objects,that obstruct your view impair your balance and prevent y
10、ou from holding onto handrails 手提或搬动笨重的物品或过多物品会妨碍你的视野，影响你的平衡并使你无法扶着扶手。,Poor housekeeping(allowing clutter to accumulate,not maintaining clean dry floors,etc.)不合格的环境整洁状况（使混乱状态不断加重，未能保持地面的干净和干爽等）Using improper cleaning methods(e.g.,incorrectly using wax or polish;or trying to clean up grease spill wit
11、h water)使用不当的清洁方法（如，不当使用蜡或上光剂；或试图用水来清洗油脂溢出物）Not using signage when slip or trip hazards exist当滑倒或绊倒危险存在时，没有使用标志牌Inattentive Behavior:walking,distractions(e.g.,using cell phone,talking and not watching where youre going,etc.)分散精力的行为：走路时分散注意力的行为（如，打电话、走路时与人交谈及没有注意观察等）Taking shortcuts;not using walkway
12、s or designated,cleared pathways;being in a hurry,rushing around抄近路：未使用通道或指定的无障碍物路径；匆忙赶路,Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips,Trips and Falls滑倒、绊倒&跌倒发生增加的因素,Clutter混乱的环境,Not Paying Attention马虎大意,Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips,Trips and Falls令滑倒、绊倒&跌倒风险增加的因素,Not Paying Attention马虎大意,Improper Me
13、thod of Carrying Items不当搬运物品,Other common hazards to Look out For 警惕其他常见的危险,Report these dangers上报这些危险,Factors Increasing the Risk of Slips,Trips and Falls contd 滑倒、绊倒&跌倒风险增加的因素（续）,Housekeeping环境整洁,Close file cabinet or storage drawers关上文件柜或抽屉 Report cables/wires that cross walkway报告出现在通道上的电缆/电线 Kee
14、p working areas and walkways well lit and clear保持工作场所和通道的良好照明及清洁情况 Report burned out bulbs报告灯泡短路 Be aware of your surroundings and report any perceived danger留心周围的物品，报告潜在的危险,Housekeeping DONTs环境整洁 避免,Prop fire doors open.长时间打开防火门 Store materials in stairwells.在楼梯间存放物品Store trash cans in front of doo
15、rway.将垃圾桶摆放在门口-Use cinderblock to prop open the doors.为保持门的敞开状态而用炉渣砖抵住门Use chair to block an emergency cut-off valve.用椅子挡住紧急切断阀Place chairs in dangerous areas.For example,the chair in the picture could represent a struck against hazard.Someone could sit in the chair,and strike their head on the pipe
16、 and valve behind it.将椅子放在危险区域。比如，图片中的椅子可能是导致碰撞的危险因素。坐在椅子上的人可能将头撞到身后的管子和阀门上。This chair could also encourage smoking in the stairwell.这把椅子也可能增加人们在楼梯间吸烟的几率。Do Report these dangers!务必上报这些危险情况！,Slip,Trip and Fall Hazard滑倒、绊倒和跌倒危险,PROBLEM问题 Slip:if it is wet outside and the mat is folded back,then the fl
17、oor is getting wet instead of the mat absorbing the water.滑倒：如果户外潮湿而垫子翻卷，那么垫子就无法起到吸水的作用，地面也会随之变得潮湿。Trip:the mat is folded back and someone could catch their foot on the mat and trip.绊倒：因为垫子翻卷，有人可能将脚刮到垫子并因此绊倒。Fall:both a wet floor and caught foot could contribute to a fall.跌倒：潮湿的地面和脚刮到垫子的情况都可能导致跌倒的发生
18、。Report this danger!上报这一危险情况！,Can you identify the hazard你能发现危险吗,This slide represents a trip hazard.Here you can see an electrical cord in the middle of the walkway.This cord is plugged into an electrical outlet.本页显示出一个绊倒风险。图片中，一条电线横在通道的中间。这条电线插在插座中。Contact Facilities Management to rearrange the ro
19、om so that the piece of equipment is close to the outlet or have an additional outlet installed.联系设施管理部门来重新安排房间的布局，使这台设备紧靠插座或者安装额外的插座。If there is no way to rearrange the room or install a new outlet,then run the cord up the wall across the ceiling and down the wall to prevent the trip and fall hazar
20、d.如果无法重新安排房间布局或无法安装新的插座，那么在墙上走明线，防止绊倒和跌倒危险的发生。The last resort would be to tape down the cord or use a cord cover as a means of preventing someone from STF.最后的方案是可以用胶带粘住电线或使用护线盖，防止滑倒、绊倒和跌倒的发生。Report this danger!上报这一危险情况！,Be Mindful of these Other Causes of Injuries注意其他造成人员伤害的原因,Metal-cuts,bruises and abrasions金属 割伤、碰伤和擦伤Teeth-bites 牙齿 咬伤Vehicle cars,golf carts,buses,etc车辆 轿车、高尔夫球车、公交车等Coffee containers burns咖啡容器 烫伤Needles/Scales sticks,pricks针/刻度尺 刺伤、戳伤Electrical devise shocks电力装置 电击Falling objects,e.g.hammer跌落的物品，如，锤子 CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO PREVENT INJURIESTHAT MEANS YOU!人人行动起来，防止损伤的发生！,
