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1、语法填空答题指导,高考英语专题复习,准备好：做好学案，积累本，双色笔，词典,Learning Aims:,1.To master the methods and techniques to fill in the blanks.2.To improve the ability of analyzing the sentence structure.3.To apply the grammar to practice freely4.To enjoy the pleasure of learning English,一、高考大纲要求,语法填空题考纲要求：共10 小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇约20
2、0词左右的语言材料中留出10 个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（不多于三个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式本部分所需时间约为10分钟。,二、【语法填空命题特点】,1.语法和词汇（考试重点）；上下文连贯性（语境）。语法填空题的出题特点：提示性填空题和自由填空两大类。提示性填空主要考察动词（包括时态、语态和非谓语动词）、形容词和副词（包括形容词和副词之间词性转换和词形转化以及比较级和最高级的变化）以及名词（比较少，但是曾有词性转换方面的题出现）。而自由填空主要集中在冠词（和名词相生相依）、代词、介词、连词。2.语法填空涉及到的语法项目：1名词2代词3数词
3、4介词和介词短语5形容词6副词7冠词8.动词（时态、语态、非谓语动词）9构词法10主谓一致11连词（并列句、主从句、并列复合句）12句子成分 13.句子种类14省略15倒装16.强调17.虚拟语气18.特殊句式19情态动词,三、【语法填空解题方法】（一）有提示词填空的做题方法,1.动词（1）如果所给词是动词，首先判断该动词在句中充当谓语还是非谓语。空格前如果是比较复杂动名词、不定式或者主语从句，要注意主谓一致，此外要根据上下文判断句子的时态和语态。China _(spend)a lot of money on such research over the past years.As the p
4、rogram shows,working with the family,rather than bypassing the parents,_(be)the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life.Cupboards in her kitchen _(fill)with things that she didnt need at all.The Chinese language,as a whole,_(use)the same set of character,but
5、 even the same characters can have different pronunciations.,has spent,is,were filled,uses,associated,filled,suffering,born,（3）基本知识掌握后，还要关注上下文中提供的关键词来判断是 哪种非谓语动词形式，比如watch,see,notice,hear等词，那么有doing 和do 两种情况，现在分词和过去分词的判定比不定式和动名词要难，但是，只要记住固定句式结构之外就是要找准动词和逻辑主语之间的关系，尤其是主句之前或者之后出现了逗号这种情况，尤其要引起注意。如She le
6、t me choose my sleep medicine,_(make)sure that I was okay.As we started to go out,I turned around and saw them all _(watch)us.Another tradition is to have their photographs _(take).（4）词性及词形变化The cards often included an _(invite)to the ceremony.,making,watching,taken,invitation,2.形容词和副词第一，要确切的知道，形容词在
7、句子中充当的句子成分和所处位置。a.形容词可以放在名词前面做定语；b.形容词可以在系动词后面作表语；c.形容词可以放在宾语后做宾语补足语。副词在句子中所充当的句子成分和所处的位置。a.副词放在动词的前后做动词状语；b.副词放在形容词前做形容词的状语；c.副词放在副词前面做状语。His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou also discovered artemisinin（青蒿
8、素）,a drug_(sharp)reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria（疟疾）.,warmly,sharply,warmly,merrily,warmth,pleasure,unhappiness,unnecessary,least,luckier,easier,3.名词名词在语法填空中出现的几率比较低，但是名词却是做自由填空的一个非常重要的参照物。名词在提示性填空部分，最可能出现的题就是动词转化成名词这种形式。但必须明确名词的特点。单数可数名词前面必须有三类修饰限定词：a.必须有a/an,the；b.必须有形容
9、词性的物主代词；c.必须有指示代词this或者that以及不定代词。三者是必有其一，互不兼容。不可数名词最显著的特点就是不能与a/an连用，但是英语中要注意一词多义的情况。These two _(discover)provide humankind with a new way to fight these disease that affect hundreds of millions of people annually.The cards often included an _(invite)to the ceremony.My _(appoint)was at five and I s
10、till had twenty minutes.Dont wait for an _(apologize).,discoveries,Invitation,appointment,apology,（二）无提示词填空题的做题方法1.介词介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on，in，at，with，by，through等。介词最大的特点可以和动词、形容词等构成固定短语，通常都是介词在后，再就是和名词构成固定短语，尤其是要注意是否加冠词的情况。同时，要清楚介词后通常都是加名词、代词（宾格、名词性物主代词、反身代词）、动名词和宾语从句等。.The young man went home_ a happy
11、 heart.When Jane got home,with her small but well-chosen present in her bag,her parents were already _table having supper.I cried _ a loud voice,which made several people stare at me.The imaginary character does not only appeal _ females.Finally,try to see things _ the other persons perspective.,wit
12、h,at,in,to,from,2.连词连词的考查包括的内容比较宽泛，主要区分开两大部分，即并列句和复合句。这是做连词题的关键。并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。包括表转折的连词but，while；表并列的连词and，or；表因果的连词because，so等等。He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,_he felt very happy since the crop d
13、id“grow”higher.I dont remember what I told him that night,_I do remember I heard Tom apologizing to Dad for burning the toast.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_some of them looked very anxious.,but,but,and,where,which,before,where,what,an,an,a,the,the,its,itself,us,that,How,Call,Only w
14、hen the war was over _the young soldier return to his hometown.It has bee five years _ I came to Canada to study English.（四）上下文逻辑 For one thing,it can provide a colorful platform to shoe their talent.For _,it is a useful way to release their pressure,did,since,another,arrived,before/earlier,its,that
15、/which,paintings,by,is,conducted,regularly,living,2015 新课标1考点,1.动词:谓语动词:（时态）一般过去/一般现在 非谓语动词:过去/现在分词做后置定语 2.从属连词：定语从句3.介词（固定搭配）4.名词复数5.形容词与副词的转化6.代词（形容词性物主代词）7.间接引语,（2015.新课标11）The adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _ most modern of archite
16、cts and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _(able)to“air condition”a house without _（use）electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house
17、.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool)the house during the hot day:_ the same time,they warm up again for the night This cycle _(go)day after day:The walls warm up During the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for t
18、he outside temperatures.As _(nature)architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,built,the,ability,using,slowly,to cool,at,goes,natural,how,2015 新课标11考点,1.动词:谓语动词:（时态）一般现在 非谓语动词:过去分词做后置定语2.名词3.形容词4.副词5.介词6.冠词7.连词（宾语从句）8.固定
19、搭配,跟踪练习,Passage 1（2014新课标1）1.was 2.actually 3.the 4.or 5 to reduce6.cleaner 7.which/that 8.amazing 9.changes 10.patient Passage 2(2014 广东高考）1.it 2.earlier3.were told 4.but 5.why 6.for 7.surprisingly 8.the 9.where 10.sunburnt/sunburned,Reflection 思考使人更加睿智、更有方向 What did you learn from this class?I say.You say.We say.,谓语动词（时态语态语气）；非谓语动词（v-ed；v-ing；to do)；系动词；助动词；情态动词,名词的格；名词的数,形容词和副词的比较级最高级；形容词与副词的相互转化,序数词,介词与动词形容词的固定搭配；介词+doing,物主代词（形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词）和不定代词，反身代词,元音因素an;固定搭配,并列连词；从属连词,倒装句；强调句；省略句；感叹句;祈使句,上下文语境,Homework,熟记不规则动词的过去式过去分词现在分词的变化规则。形容词，副词的比较级最高级变化规则。,
