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1、鲁教版八年级上英语词汇句型专项课件,Unit1 词汇句型专项课件,词汇点睛,句型透视,Section A,Peter,could you please take out the rubbish?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗?,“Could you please.?”意为“你能吗?”，could在此不是过去式，而是表示委婉的语气。Could you please tell me the way to the bus stop?你能告诉我公交车站怎么走吗?注意到以could开头的表示请求的问句，其肯定回答可以用“Sure.”，也可以用“.can/may.”，不能用“.could.”；否定回答可以用“So
2、ry.”，并给出理由，也可以用“.cant/mustnt.”，能用“.couldnt.”。Could you please help me with my homework?你能帮我做作业吗?Sure.当然可以。/Sorry，I cant.Im busy now.对不起，我不能。我现在很忙。,知识点1,Peter,could you please take out the rubbish?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗?,表达“请求”的其他常见句型：Will/Would you please do.?请你做好吗?Would you mind doing.?你介意做吗?Shall I/we do.?我/
3、我们做好吗?,拓展延伸,Peter,could you please take out the rubbish?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗?,take out 意为“带出去”。The dog is noisy.Can you take it out?这条狗很吵。你能把它带出去吗?,知识点2,拓展延伸,take out还可意为“取出”。,典例,Could you please tell me how to get to the restroom?_.Im not sure how to get there.(山东临沂）A.SorryB.OKC.Of courseD.No problem,sweep
4、the floor 意为“扫地”。其中sweep为及物动词，意为“扫；打扫”。其过去式和过去分词均为swept。,Could you please help me sweep the floor?你能帮我扫地吗?Peter swept the path in front of the house.彼得清扫了屋前的小路。,用法详解,Could I at least finish watching this show?能让我至少看完这个节目吗?,finish意为“完成；做好”，后跟动词时，动词要用V-ing形式。When are you going to finish your work?你打算什
5、么时候完成你的工作？He finished reading the book before supper.晚饭前他把这本书看完了。归纳：后接V-ing形式的常见动词：,用法详解,Could I at least finish watching this show?能让我至少看完这个节目吗?,用法详解,enjoy 喜欢,keep继续；重复,practice练习,finish完成,miss错过,mind介意,后接V-ing形式的动词,Yes,because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now.是的，因为妈妈随时都会买完东西回来。,any mi
6、nute now意为“随时；马上”，表示事情在短时间内很有可能发生。Hurry up!Hell be back any minute now.快点儿！他随时都会回来。,用法详解,拓展延伸,在any minute now结构中，minute还可用second、moment、time等替换。,And she wont be happy if she sees this mess.如果看到这么乱，她会不高兴的。,5,mess名词，意为“杂乱；不整洁”，常用其单数形式。Tom，your room is really a mess.Clean it up now.汤姆，你的房间真是太乱了。现在打扫一下吧
7、。,拓展延伸,用法详解,make a mess搞得一团糟（表动作）in a mess一团糟（表状态）,I threw down my bag and went to the living room.我扔下书包，走进了客厅。,throw动词，意为“扔；掷”。其过去式为threw，过去分词为thrown。She threw the ball up and caught it again.她把球抛起来又接住。throw.to.扔.,用法详解,拓展延伸,I throw.at.朝.扔He threw a ball to the dog.他扔给那条狗一个球。Someone threw a stone at
8、 the car.有人朝那辆汽车扔了一块石头。,典例,Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes，Tony?Sure.Mom will be mad if she sees this，_I think.(湖北黄冈）A.matterB.messC.troubleD.difficulty,The minute I sat down in front of the TV,my mom came over.我刚在电视机前坐下，妈妈就过来了。,7,the minute.意为“.就”，引导时间状语从句，相当于the moment 或as soon as
9、。I want to see him the minute he arrives.他一到我就要见他。,知识点1,知识点2,come over意为“过来”。Can you come over tomorrow?你明天能过来一趟吗？,拓展延伸,come over还可意为“顺便来访”，后面加介词to，然后跟地点名词作宾语。Can you come over to my house on Friday?你星期五能来我家吗?,You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从来不帮忙做家务！,8,all the t
10、ime意为“频繁；反复”，强调在某段时间内一直进行或发生的事。I have a dog and a cat.They fight all the time.我有一条狗和一只猫。它们总是打架。,Im just as tired as you are!我和你一样累！,9,as.as.意为“像一样”，表示两者在某方面程度相同，第一个as是副词，后跟形容词或副词的原级，第二个as是连词，引出相比较的对象。The tree is as tall as that building.这棵树和那幢楼一样高。,用法详解,拓展延伸,as.as.的否定形式为nt as/so.as.不如”。,For one week
11、,she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一个星期她都没有做家务，我也没有做。,10,neither did I是“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”结构，该结构表示前者所描述的否定情况也适用于后者。neither在此作副词，意为“也不”。I dont like this dress.我不喜欢这条连衣裙。Neither do I.我也不喜欢。,用法详解,延伸拓展,“s+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示前者所描述的肯定情况也适用于后者。I like eating tomatoes.我喜欢吃西红柿。So do I.我也
12、是。,“What happened?she asked in surprise.“发生了什么事?”她惊讶地问道。,in surprise意为“吃惊地；惊讶地”，相当于with surprise。Bill looked at him in/with surprise.比尔吃惊地看着他。,用法详解,My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一坐在电视机前妈妈就过来了。,as soon as意为“一.就”，引导时间状语从句，相当于the minute。如果主句用一般将来时、含情态动词或为祈使句，从句应用一般现在时表示将来。I
13、 will go as soon as you come here.你一来这儿我就走。,用法详解,拓展延伸,as soon as possible尽快I will set out as soon as possible.我会尽快出发。,典例,I dont understand the story in the new unit.What about you,Bob?_.（湖北恩施）A.Neither I doB.Neither do IC.So do I,Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗?,13,pass sb.sth.意为“把某物传给/递给
14、某人”，相当于pass sth.to sb.其中pass为动词，意为“给；递”。Pass me the book,please.（=Pass the book to me,please.)请把那本书递给我。,拓展延伸,pass作动词，还可意为“走过；通过”。,Could I borrow that book?我能借那本书吗?,14,borrow动词，意为“借；借用”。“向某人借某物”常用borrow sth.from sb.或borrow sb.s sth.。Millie borrowed a pen from Tom.(=Millie borrowed Toms pen.)米莉向汤姆借了一支
15、钢笔。,Could you lend me some money?你能借给我些钱吗?,15,用法详解,lend及物动词，意为“借给；借出”。“借给某人某物”常用lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.。Could you lend me your jacket?(=Could you lend your jacketto me?)你能把夹克借给我吗?,辨析,典例,How long may I _these books?For a week.（甘肃天水）A.borrowB.to borrowC.keepD.lend,Ill finish my homework while you
16、 help me with the dishes.你帮我洗餐具的时候我会做完我的作业。,16,while连词，此处意为“与同时；当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。While I was doing my homework,my father came back homefrom work.当我正在做作业时，我父亲下班回家了。,用法详解,拓展延伸,while作连词，还可意为“而；然而”，表示两种情况的对比。Some people waste food while others dont have enough.有些人浪费食物，然而有些人却没有足够的食物。,Ill finish my homework
17、 while you help me with the dishes.你帮我洗餐具的时候我会做完我的作业。,17,辨析,The telephone rang while my father was reading a newspaper.当我爸爸在看报时，电话铃响了。When I arrived in Beijing，it was raining.我到达北京时正在下雨。Kate listens to music as she walks in the park.凯特在公园里一边走一边听音乐。,典例,He is listening to music _ he is doing his homew
18、ork.（黑龙江绥化）A.afterB.beforeC.while答案：C作答本题时可用语法判断法。,Unit1 词汇句型专项课件,词汇点睛,句型透视,Section B,Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是浪费他们的时间。,waste此处作名词，意为“浪费”，常用于搭配a waste of.“浪费”。waste作名词，还可意为“垃圾”。Playing computer games is a waste of time.玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。,用法详解,拓展延伸,waste还可作动词，意为“浪费；滥用”。其常用搭配如下：waste+时间/金线+（in)
19、doing sth.浪费多少时间/金钱在做某事上waste+时间/金钱+on sth.浪费多少时间/金钱在某物上Dont waste your time(in)playing computer games.不要把时问浪费在玩电脑游戏上。Why do you waste so much money on clothes?你为什么浪费这么多钱买衣服呢?,They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了能取得好成绩并进入一所好的大学，他们应该
20、把时间花在他们的学业上。,spend动词，意为“花费”，其主语通常是人。I spent two hours on this math problem.我花了两个小时在这道数学题上.She spent 200 yuan on this dress.她花了200元在这件连衣裙上，,知识点1,They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了能取得好成绩并进入一所好的大学，他们应该把时间花在他们的学业上。,辨析,I spent 100 yuan
21、 on the present.=I spent 100 yuan(in)buying the present.=I paid 100 yuan for the present.这件礼物花了我100元。It took me about 30 minutes to get to school.我用了大约30分钟到达学校。,They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了能取得好成绩并进入一所好的大学，他们应该把时间花在他们的学业上。,in
22、 order to意为“日的是，为了”，表示目的，后接动词原形，可位于句首，也可位于句中。其否定形式为in order not to.In order to finish the report，he stayed up late.为了完成那篇报告，他熬夜到很晚。,知识点2,拓展延伸,动词不定式、in order that以及so that也可表示目的。To catch the early bus,he has to get up early.(=He has to get up early in order that he can catch the early bus.=He has to
23、get up early so that he can catch the early bus.)为了赶上早班公交,典例,Two disabled men from Hebei Province（one is blind and the other has no arms)have spent ten years _trees together.（湖北十堰）A.plantB.plantsC.plantingD.planted,Also,when they get older,they will have to do housework so there is no need for them
24、to do it now.而且，当他们大了的时候，他们将不得不做家务，因此没有必要让他们现在做。,there is no need for sb.to do sth.意为“对于某人来说，没有必要做某事”。There is no need for you to start off so early.你没有必要这么早出发。,用法详解,It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.父母的职责就是在家给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境。,结构分析：本句是“
25、it+be十名词+to do sth.”句型。其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。Its my job to look after you.黑顾你是我的职责。provide动词，意为“提供；供应”。The hotel provides free breakfast.那家宾馆提供免费的早餐。,用法详解,It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.父母的职责就是在家给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境。,拓展延伸,provide sb.w
26、ith sth.为某人提供某物provide sth.for sb.The sun provides us with light and heat.(=The sun provides light and heat for us.)太阳给我们提供光和热。,典例,Its our duty _our hometown clean and beautiful.We must do something for it.（黑龙江绥化）A.keepingB.keepsC.to keep,And anyway,I think doing chores is not so difficult.而且，我认为做家务
27、并不是那么难。,5,anyway 词，意为“而且；加之”，Its expensive and anyway the size is too small.这个很贵，而且尺寸太小。,拓展延伸,用法详解,anyway作副词，还可意为“即使这样：无论如何”。The water was cold but I took a shower anyway.水很冷，不过我还是洗了个淋浴。Anyway,we should have a try.不管怎样，我们都应该试一试。,I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help
28、 their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做家务以及帮助父母做家务很重要。,本句是一个主从复合句。it is important.为省略引导词that的宾语从句，作think的宾语。解析：本句中的宾语从句是“it+be+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”句型，该句型意为“对某人来说，做某事是的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。It is useful for you to remember some new words every day.对你来说，每天记些新单词是有用的。,用法详解,I think it is imp
29、ortant for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做家务以及帮助父母做家务很重要。,辨析,It was very difficult for Tom to finish this work on time.对汤姆来说，按时完成这项工作很难。Its so kind of you to do that.你那样做真是太好了。,典例,It is necessary for us students_ the listening ability.（广西来宾）A.
30、to improveB.improvingC.improveD.improves,Children these days depend on their parents too much.现在的孩子都过度依赖父母。,7,depend on意为“依靠；信赖”。Children shouldnt always depend on their parents.孩子不应该总是依赖父母。,用法详解,拓展延伸,depend on还可意为“取决于”。Whether well go camping depends on the weather.我们是否去野营要看天气。联想：It(all)depends.视情况
31、而定。,Doing chores helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性，教他们如何照顾自己。,8,develop动词，意为“发展；壮大”，其名词形式为development“发展；发育；成长”。We should develop healthy eating habits.我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。,知识点1,拓展延伸,developed形容词，意为“发达的”；developing形容词，意为“发展中的”。,Doing chore
32、s helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性，教他们如何照顾自己。,8,independence不可数名词，意为“独立”。He was afraid of losing his independence.他害怕失去自己的独立性。,知识点2,拓展延伸,independent形容词，意为“独立的；自主的”。India became independent in 1947.印度于1947年独立。,典例,Its important for us
33、 to protect nature because we_ its rich resources to live.(江苏南京）A.depend onB.leave forC.give upD.lead to,It also helps them to understand the idea of fairness.还能帮助他们理解公平这一概念。,9,fairness不可数名词，意为“公正性；合理性”。Our teacher is known for her fairness.我们的老师以公正著称。,用法详解,拓展延伸,fair形容词，意为“合理的；公正的”；unfair形容词，意为“不合理的
34、；不公正的”。,Since they live in one house with their parents,they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母住在一所房子里，他们就应该知道每个人都应该为保持房屋的干净和整洁尽一份力。,10,since连词，意为“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句，常位于句首。Since you dont know the boy,Ill ask someone else.既然你不认识那个男孩，我就问问其他人吧。,知识点1,延伸拓展,si
35、nce还可作介词/连词，意为“从以后；自以来”，连接时间状语（从句）。当连接从句时，从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。The factory has been here since five years ago.这家工厂在这里已经五年了。（作介词）Mr.Green has been teaching English in the university since he came to Beijing.格林先生自从来到北京就一直在这所大学里教英语。（作连词）,Since they live in one house with their parents,they should know th
36、at everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母住在一所房子里，他们就应该知道每个人都应该为保持房屋的干净和整洁尽一份力。,10,do ones part in（doing）sth.意为“尽自己的职责做某事”。The teacher asked every student to do his part in saving water.老师要求每位学生尽自己的一份力来节约用水。,知识点2,延伸拓展,联想：play a part in参与；发挥作用,Our neighbors son got into a g
37、ood college but during his first year,he had no idea how to take care of himself.我们邻居的儿子进了一所不错的大学，但是他（大学）第一年都不知道如何照顾自己。,have no idea意为“不知道”，相当于dont know。I have no idea what you mean.(=I dont know what you mean.）我不明白你的意思。,知识点1,Our neighbors son got into a good college but during his first year,he had
38、 no idea how to take care of himself.我们邻居的儿子进了一所不错的大学，但是他（大学）第一年都不知道如何照顾自己。,take care of 意为“照顾”，相当于look after或care for。Can you help me take care of/look after/care for my little brother?你能帮我照顾我的弟弟吗?,知识点2,As a result,he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果，他经常生病，成绩也下降了。,as a result意为“结果”。Daming g
39、ot up late today.As a result,he was late for school.大明今天起晚了，结果他上学迟到了。,知识点1,辨析,He made a big mistake,and as a result,he lost his job.他犯了一个大错，结果丢了工作。Bill was late as a result of the hcavy snow.由于大雪，比尔迟到了,As a result,he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果，他经常生病，成绩也下降了。,fall ill意为“生病”。其中ill是形容词，意为“
40、有病；不舒服”，只能作表语，不能作定语。fall在此作系动词。Mary fell ill while she was on holiday.玛丽度假时生病了。解析3：drop此处用作不及物动词，意为“降低”。drop作不及物动词还可意为“落下；掉下”。The temperature dropped because of the typhoon.由于台风影响，温度降低了。An apple dropped from the tree.一个苹果从树上落了下来。,知识点2,drop还可用作及物动词，意为“让落下”。He dropped his coat on a chair.他把外套丢在椅子上。,拓展
41、延伸,典例,Thanks for your invitation,but Im so sorry I cant go.I need to _my baby at home.（广东广州）A.take awayB.take offC.take care ofD.take out of,The earlier kids learn to be independent,the better it is for their future.孩子越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。,13,本句为“the+比较级，the+比较级.”结构，意为“越，就越”，表示一方随着另一方程度的变化而变化。The more,t
42、he better.多多益善。,拓展延伸,“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越”。Our city is becoming cleaner and cleaner.我们的城市正在变得越来越干净。,典例,_you speak,_your English will be.(江苏苏州）A.The less；the moreB.The more;the betterC.The less;the betterD.The more；the less,Unit2 词汇句型专项课件,词汇点睛,句型透视,Section A,My parents dont allow me to hang out with m
43、y friends.我父母不允许我跟朋友出去闲逛。,allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。allow动词.意为“允许；准许”。My parents dont allow me to go out at night.我父母不允许我晚上外出。,用法详解,拓展延伸,allow doing sth.允许做某事be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事We dont allow eating in the classroom.我们不允许在教室里吃东西。Passengers are not allowed to smoke.乘客不准吸烟。,典例,My parents d
44、ont allow me _ late.（四川南充）A.stay upB.to stay upC.stays upD.staying up,I got into a fight with my best friend.我和我最好的朋友吵架了。,get into a fight with sb.意为“和某人打架/吵架”，相当于have a fight with sb.fight此处作名词，意为“打斗；打架”。He got drunk and got into a fight with Jim.他喝醉了，与吉姆打了一架。,用法详解,拓展延伸,fight还可作动词，意为“（与)打斗：（与)打架”，常
45、用于搭配fight with sb.“与某人打架”。Two kids are fighting with cach other in the street.两个孩子正在街上打架。,Whats wrong?怎么了?,“Whats wrong?”意为“怎么了?”，用来询问对方身体哪儿不舒服、有什么问题或有什么不顺心的事。“Whats wrong with sb./sth.?”意为“某人/某物怎么了?”。其中wrong是形容词，意为“有毛病；错误的”。Whats wrong,Jim?吉姆，你怎么了?I left my umbrella on the bus.我把雨伞落在公交车上了。Whats wro
46、ng with your teeth?你的牙齿怎么了?,用法详解,control,注意：在询问“怎么了”的句型中，wrong和up为形容词，其前不加冠词，而matter/trouble为名词，前面要加定冠词the。,Whats wrong?怎么了?,归纳：询问“怎么了”，有以下几种句型：,拓展延伸,Whats the trouble(with sb./sth.)?,Whats the matter(with sb./sth.)?,Whats up(with sb/sth)？,Whats wrong(with sb./sth.)?,Why dont you go to sleep earlier
47、 this evening?今晚你为什么不早点睡觉呢?,“Why dont you do sth.?”意为“你（们）为什么不做某事呢？”，常用来向对方提出建议，相当于“Why not do sth?”。常用的肯定答语有“Good idea./Good./All right./Sure.”等；否定答语有“Sorry，I/we cant.”等。Why dont you go shopping with us?你为什么不和我们一起去购物呢?Good idea.好主意。,用法详解,典例,Why dont you_ your friends for help when you are in troubl
48、e?A.ask B.to askC.asks D.asking,Well,I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.嗯，昨天我发现我妹妹翻我的东西。,5,look through意为“快速查看；浏览”。Its a good habit to look through newspapers every day.每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。,用法详解,联想：含look的其他常用搭配：,look,look forward to盼望；期待,look for寻找；寻求,look after照料；照顾,Hope things work out.
49、希望事情顺利解决。,work out此处意为“解决”。The government has many problems to work out.政府有许多问题要解决。,用法详解,拓展延伸,work out1.计算出（答案、数量、价格等）:The math problem is too difficult for me to work out.这道数学题太难了，我算不出来。2.成功地发展:Everything is working out well.一切都进展顺利。,My problem is that I cant get on with my family.我的问题是我和家人的关系不好。,7
50、,get on with意为“和睦相处；关系良好”，后接人作宾语。相当于get along with。The new teacher gets on/along with the students.新老师和学生们相处得很好。,用法详解,拓展延伸,get on/along with sth.在方面取得进展How are you getting on with your essay?你的论文写得怎么样了?,典例,一Miss Li,could you please help me_ this math problem?一OK.Let me try.（山东威海)A.look upB.work outC
