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1、1 adj.攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的2 n协议；交易3 vt.包括4 vi.张开5 vi.凝视；盯着看6 v恐慌；惊慌7 n请求；要求8 n恩惠；善意的行为9 adj.现场的,aggressive,deal,involve,spread,stare,panic,request,favour,live,10 vt.延长11 n交流；沟通communicate vi.交际12 adj.无意的；不知不觉的conscious(反义词)有知觉的consciousness n意识13 vi.变化variety n种类various adj.各种各样的14 adj.正式的informal(反义词)非正式的15
2、 n判断；意见judge v判断16 n平等equal adj.平等的,prolong,communication,unconscious,vary,formal,judgement,equality,communicate v传达，(用信号、语言)传递信息，交流；交际(1)communicate sth.to sb.把通知/传达给某人communicate with与交流/通信/联络/相通(2)communication n传达，通信，联络，沟通be in communication with sb.与某人互通信息,vary vt.改变；变更；vi.变化，不同(1)vary with随而变化
3、vary from不同于vary in在方面不同，有差异vary from.to.由到情况不等(2)variety n变化，多样性，种类a variety of(varieties of)各种各样的(3)various adj.各种各样的；多方面的,deal n交易，协议；v.处理，相处(1)make a deal 达成协议；做成交易Thats a deal.一言为定。(2)a great/good deal of不可数名词，意思是“大量，很多”。(3)deal with对付；应付；处理；对待,辨析：do with与deal with在表示“处理，对待”时，do with 和deal with
4、 在陈述句中可以互相替换。但是在特殊疑问句中，表示“怎么处理，怎么对待”时，用法不同。What do you do with the difficulties you face?How do you deal with the difficulties you face?你是怎么处理你遇到的困难的？,involve vt.包括，涉及，使参与(1)involve sb.in(doing)sth.使某人参与(干)某事，使某人牵扯到某事中involve doing sth.包括干某事；需要干某事(2)involved adj.复杂的；有牵连的，有关的get/be involved in被卷入之中；热
5、衷于，专心于be/get involved with sb.与某人混在一起，和有密切联系,request vt.请求，要求；n.请求，要求，邀请(1)request sth.of/from sb.向某人请求某事request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事request that从句请求(2)make a request for要求at sb.s request应某人的要求upon/on request一经要求，应要求in great request极需要；很受欢迎,favour(favor)n帮助，恩惠，赞成，关心，偏袒；v.支持，喜爱，偏袒，有助于(1)ask a favour
6、of sb.请某人帮忙，照顾do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人忙owe sb.a favour欠某人情(2)in ones favour受(某人)喜爱的，对(某人)有利的in favour of支持，赞同out of favour失宠的；不流行的,1My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_it.Ain favour ofBin memory ofCin honour of Din search of【解析】本题考查介词短语的辨析。此处while表示转折对比，against表示反对。故
7、选用in favour of表示“赞成”。B表示“为纪念”；C表示“为了向表示敬意”；D表示“寻找”，均不合题意。【答案】A,2I am_your suggestion_we should spend more time on this project.Ain favor of；which Bin honor of；thatCin favor of；that Din honor of；which【解析】本句意为“我很赞成你的建议那就是我们应该在这个工程上花费更多的时间”。in favor of赞成；in honor of向表示敬意；为纪念。第二个空为that引导的同位语从句。【答案】C,3I
8、ask you not to get _ in this kind of matter.Its none of your business.Acaught BinvolvedCattached Dconnected【解析】get involved in 意为“涉及，卷入”，为固定搭配，其他选项不能用于此结构。【答案】B,4I know this is the latest type but its secondhand.$20thats my last offer.OK.Its a(n)_.Abusiness BtradeCagreement Ddeal【解析】句意为：“我知道这是最新款，但却
9、是二手货，我最多出20块。”“好，一言为定。”Its a deal.为习语“就这么办，一言为定”，为固定搭配。【答案】D,5Honesty is a kind of quality and thats what it takes to_with others successfully.Asay BreportCcommunicate Dtell【解析】句意为“诚实是一种品质，与别人成功交流需要它”。communicate交流，沟通；communicate with sb.与某人交流。【答案】C,6It is obvious that the hopes，goals，fears and desi
10、res _ widely between men and women，between the rich and the poor.Aalter BshiftCtransfer Dvary【解析】句意为：男人与女人之间，富人与穷人之间，他们的希望、目标、恐惧和渴望有很大区别。alter 指“微小的变化”，不影响本质的改动，shift 指位置、性质、形式等的改变，转变；transfer 转移；vary 相当于 be different。【答案】D,1.和某人交流2从到变化3忙于某事/做某事4暴露(自己的情况)5把加到6(保持)警惕7 达成协议；做成交易8举起,communicate_with_sb
11、,vary_from.to.,be_busy_with/doing_sth.,give_away,add.to.,on_guard,make_a_deal,hold_up,9 向问好10打开(灯、无线电等)11发出噪音12 偶然地13盯，凝视14举起15一上一下地,say_hello_to,switch_on,make_a_noise,by_accident,stare_at,lift_up,up_and_down,hold up举起，抬起；阻碍；使停顿；支撑抢劫hold back缩回；阻止；隐瞒；抑制hold out伸出；提供；坚持；维持hold down阻止(某人)，制止；限制hold o
12、n to抓紧；不放开；保住(优势)；不送(或不卖)某物hold on等着；停住；坚持住；等一下(别挂断),I held up my hand to show that I had a question.我举手表示有问题。We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.我们在前往机场的路上，因为堵车而延误了。It is reported that two young men held up a bank.据报道两个年青人抢劫了银行。The water wont hold out much longer.水维持不了多久。Hold
13、 on，please.请不要挂断电话。,give away赠送；泄露；丧失give out用完，用尽，公布，发表，精疲力竭give off(散)发出(蒸汽)，发散(光线)give in屈服，投降，退让(to)give back归还，送回，报复，交(呈)上give up放弃，停(中)止,1We thought of selling this old furniture，but weve decided to_it.It might be valuable.Ahold on to Bkeep up withCturn to Dlook after【解析】hold on to sth.留着某物不卖。
14、【答案】A,2What a pity！I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was_in the traffic jam.Abroken up Bkept backCheld up Dkept up【解析】句意为：我没有在飞机场见到我的老板，因为被交通阻塞耽误了。【答案】C,3(2008年江苏卷)If a person has not had enough sleep，his actions will give him_during the day.Aaway BupCin Dback【解析】句意为：如果一个人没有充足的睡
15、眠，那一天中，他的行为举止总会显露出来的。give away(不经意地)泄露，符合句意，而give up放弃；give in屈服；give back归还，均不符合题意。【答案】A,4(2009年浙江杭州质量检测)The child should be punished.You shouldnt let him_telling lies.Akeep away from Bkeep away withCget away from Dget away with【解析】keep away from远离；get away from逃离；get away with侥幸成功；逃脱处罚。句意为：这孩子应受到惩
16、罚。他撒谎你不应该不惩罚他。【答案】D,5(2009年山东济宁统考)Shall we have a rest first or shall we_business now?Its up to you.Aget down to Bget overCget out of Dget into【解析】get down to着手做；get over克服(困难)；熬过/度过(苦难/难关)；get out of避免；从之中获得；get into进入；穿上；陷入。【答案】A,1When in Rome，do_the Romans_.入乡随俗。【答案】as；do2Body language is fascina
17、ting for anyone_ _.每个人学起身势语来都是非常入迷的。【答案】to study,3People_ _much more by their gestures_by their words.人们通过姿态语比通过他们的话语暴露的自己更多。【答案】give away；than4If you have a meal，dont start eating_ _ _ _.假如你在吃饭，在别人的饭菜端上来之前不要开始吃。【答案】before everyone is served,When in Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。When in Rome.When yo
18、u are in Rome.此处是在从句中，从句主语和be的省略。有些时间、条件、让步等状语从句，如果谓语包含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致或主语是it，常常可以省略从句的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)。这些省略的时间、条件、让步状语从句常由when，while，once，before，till/until，whenever，if，unless，though等引导。,She is shy and doesnt speak until(she is)spoken to.她很腼腆，你若不跟她说话她是不会开口的。Come and give me a hand if(it is)possib
19、le.可能的话请来帮个忙。Once(he was)a teacher，he now works in a government office.他曾经是一个老师，现在在政府部门工作。When(I was)walking along the street，I heard my name called.当我一个人在街上走的时候，我听见有人叫我的名字。,Unless(it is)necessary，youd better not refer to the dictionary.除非有必要，你最好不要参考词典。,(2009年湖南卷)Every evening after dinner，if not_fr
20、om work，I will spend some time walking my dog.Abeing tired BtiringCtired Dto be tired【解析】句意为：每天晚饭后，如果我不累的话，我会抽出时间遛狗。if not_from work的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，根据句式结构可知此处应该使用tired，该句是if I am not tired的省略。be tired from表示“因而疲劳”。【答案】C,If you have a meal，dont start eating before everyone else is served.假如你在吃饭，在别人的饭菜未端
21、上来之前不要开始吃。本句中，before为一个常用的连词，它的翻译方法也很灵活。,(1)译为“才”，用于强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力量比较大。We waited a long time before the train arrived.我们等了很长时间火车才到达。It will be five years before we meet again.要等五年后我们才能再见面。(2)译为“就”，用于强调主句所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的精力比较小。I hadnt waited long before he came.我没有等多久他就来了。,(3)译为“尚未，还没有，来不及”。Her f
22、ather died before she was born.她尚未出世父亲就去世了。(4)译为“在的时候还没有”。He arrived there before it began to rain.他到那里的时候天还没下雨。(5)译为“没等就”。Before I could sit down，she offered me a cup of tea.没等我坐下，她就给我端上了一杯茶。,1(2009年唐山二模)The global warming，if not properly_，might lead to more natural disasters.Awas controlled Bcontr
23、olledCto control Dbeing controlled【解析】考查省略。句意为：全球变暖，如果不适当控制，可能导致更多的自然灾难。if not properly controlled是if it is not properly controlled的省略。【答案】B,2(2009年绵阳市第三次诊断)If you go to Jiuzhaigou Valley today，you will find it more attractive than commonly_.Asupposing Bto supposeCbeing supposed Dsupposed【解析】考查非谓语动词
24、的用法。suppose与其逻辑主语it是动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式表被动。【答案】D,3(2009年上海卷)You cant borrow books from the school library_you get your student card.Abefore BifCwhile Das【解析】句意为：在你没有学生证之前不能在学校图书馆借书。根据常识，一个学生只有拥有学生证之后才可以借阅图书馆的书籍。before在之前；if如果；while当时候，然而；as随着，因为。【答案】A,4(2010届重庆联合诊断性考试)It is rather difficult to make frien
25、ds with him，but his friendship，_，is more true than any others.Aonce gained Bwhen to gainCafter gaining Dwhile gaining【解析】考查非谓语动词。此题应用过去分词作状语，表示条件。once gained相当于once it is gained。gain和his friendship之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。【答案】A,.易错模块1(2008年北京卷)Im sorry youve been waiting so long，but itll still be some time
26、_Brian gets back.Abefore BsinceCtill Dafter【解析】句意为：对不起，让你等了这么长时间，但是，Brian还要过一段时间才能回来。本题应注意句型：It will be一段时间before从句，意为：要过多久才【答案】A,2(2007年安徽卷)The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months；it will be a long time_we meet them again.Aafter BbeforeCsince Dwhen【解析】本题考查时间状语从句。“It will be一段时间
27、before.”表示“过一段时间之后才”。after意为“在之后”；since意为“自从”，一般与完成时态连用；when意为“当 的时候”。句意为：野外考查将花费约翰和保罗大约五个月的时间，在很长一段时间之后我们才能再见面。【答案】B,3Despite the great success of ChangsI，experts say，it will be at least ten years _ our astronauts can land on the moon.Awhile BbeforeCsince Duntil【解析】考查连词。后半句是“it will be时间段before.”结构
28、，意思是“多久后才能”。后半句的意思是“宇航员至少10年后才能登上月球”。【答案】B,4(2006年福建卷)How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?Perhaps two or three years.Awhen BuntilCthat Dbefore【解析】考查连词的用法，before 在此意为“在之前”，构成“It(will)be一段时间before 从句”这一常用句型。【答案】D,.语法专练本单元语法条件状语从句1_you want to get a job as a pr
29、ofessor in a wellknown university，a PHD degree is needed.AWhile BThoughCIf DAfter【解析】考查状语从句中连词的用法，从句意看，从句应该表示条件。【答案】C,2Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday_it rains or its very cold.Asince BifCunless Duntil【解析】句意为：除非下雨或天很冷，否则我们将在本周日去公园野餐。从句子之间的逻辑关系判断此处应为否定条件句，相当于if.not，故排除if，而选unless。A项since表因
30、果关系。D项until只能引导时间状语从句，故排除。【答案】C,3A small car is big enough for a family of three_you need more space for baggage.Aonce BbecauseCif Dunless【解析】句意为：如果你不需要更多存放行李的空间，一辆小汽车对一个三口之家便足够了。once一旦；because因为；if如果；unless如果不。【答案】D,4(2009年杭州一次质检)I dont think Maria will be disappointed at the news，but I will see he
31、r_she is.Aas if Bso thatCin case Deven though【解析】句意为：我认为Maria听到那则消息不会失望，但是我还得去看看她以防万一。in case以防，以防万一。又如：Take an umbrella，in case it rains.带上雨伞以防下雨。【答案】C,5Do you have a minute？Ive got something to tell you.OK，_you make it short.Anow that Bif onlyCso long as Devery time【解析】句意为：你有时间吗？我有事要向你说。好的，只要你长话短说。考查一组短语作连词的用法。now that既然；由于，引导原因状语从句；if only要是就好了，用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；so long as只要，表示条件；every time每次，每当，表示时间。【答案】C,
