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1、司法自由裁量权的法理解析 司法自由裁量权的法理解析【中文摘要】 司法自由裁量权作为我国当前法治发展不可或缺的因素,应获得理性的认识和充分的重视。我们既不能对之完全放任自流,也不能简单地将其摒弃,而是应该在充分研究的基础上,尽可能的规范司法自由裁量权的合理运作,让其成为实现司法公正、促进社会和谐的重要工具。全文除引言和结论部分外,正文部分包含三个方面的内容:一、司法自由裁量权概述。该部分内容从西方法学理论中关于司法自由裁量权的认识谈起,列举了戴维M沃克、赫克、哈特、庞德、德沃金、霍姆斯、卡多佐、R帕滕顿等学者关于司法自由裁量权的识。然后从司法自由裁量权是否应该存在、司法自由裁量权存在的范围、司法
2、自由裁量的依据三个方面对西方司法自由裁量权理论进行了评析。在此基础上本文作者提出了自己的司法自由裁量权的概念,并从主体、范围、依据、目的等几个方面进行了阐释。接着作者根据司法自由裁量权存在的不同领域阐释了其在事实认定、法律选择和程序适用上的三种存在形态。最后,从实证的角度分析了我国法律关于司法自由裁量权的规定。二、司法自由裁量权的理论辨析。该部分内容着重阐释司法自由裁量权的客观特征:存在上的绝对性与范围上的对性的统一;司法实践中的积极性和消极性的统一。作者从法律规则的普遍性和现实生活的多样性的差距、立法的不完善和司法实现个正义和实质正义的需要三个方面论证了司法自由裁量权存在上的绝对性。同时作者
3、指出,司法自由裁量权在分权制约理论和实践上及其法律范围内的自由裁量上是一定范围内的权力。在此基础上,作者从法律调控社会生活的目的得以实现、使法律制度的缺陷和与现实生活的差距得到弥补、个别正义和普遍正义得到统一和法治的理想得以实现四个方面论证了司法自由裁量权的积极意义。同时提出了司法自由裁量权在可能导致司法不统一、为司法主体以权谋私、司法腐败和枉法裁判留下空间、可能会危害“分权制约”的现代民主政治的基础三个方面上的消极意义,使人们对司法自由裁量权有个全面和完整的认识。三、司法自由裁量权的若干问题及其规制。该部分中作者首先廓清了司法自由裁量权与司法独立、司法公正、司法腐败和枉法裁判的关系,然后提出
4、了规范司法自由裁量权合理运作的若干构想。在司法自由裁量权的规范部分,作者提出了司法自由裁量权合理运作应遵守的四个主要原则和四条规范的具体措施,希望能对实践中司法自由裁量权的合理运作有所贡献。【英文摘要】 Judicial Discretion,as the indispensable element in the current development of rule of law, should obtain the rational knowledge and full attention. We should neither completely disregard it, nor si
5、mply abandon it, but we should standardize the reasonable operation of Judicial Discretion based on the enough study, in order to make it become an important tool which can help achieve judicial justice and promote harmonious society.The essay contains threes parts, except for the introduction and c
6、onclusion.Part I: Summarization of Judicial Discretion. This part talks about the understanding of Judicial Discretion in the western theories, takes some scholars(DavidMWalker, Heck, Harter, Pound, Ronald, Holmes, RParten, etc) views for example. Then analyses the theory of western Judicial Discret
7、ion from three aspects, that is, the Judicial Discretion should exist or not, the scope of Judicial Discretion, the foundation of Judicial Discretion. Next, I put forward my own concept of Judicial Discretion, and explain it from the principle part, scope, foundation, purpose, etc. And I also explai
8、n the fact finding, the choice of law and procedures applicability according to the different areas that Judicial Discretion exists. Finally, I analyze the regulation on Judicial Discretion in our national law from the angle of demonstration.Part II: Theoretical differentiation and analysis of Judic
9、ial Discretion. This part explains the objective features of Judicial Discretion: the absoluteness in existence and the relativity in scope; the unity of positivity and negativity in judicial practice.I demonstrate the absoluteness in existence of Judicial Discretion from the disparity of universali
10、ty and diversity in real life of the legal rules; the imperfection in legislation; the needs of individual justice and substantial justice in judicial realization. And I also indicate that Judicial Discretion has certain rights in the decentralization theory and practice and in free discretion in th
11、e scope of the law. On this basis, I point out the positive meanings of Judicial Discretion from four aspects, that is, the purpose of the law regulating the social life is realized; the defects of the legal system and its differences from the real life is made up; individual justice and universal j
12、ustice is united and the ideality of the rule of law is realized. At the same time, I propose the negative meanings of Judicial Discretion: Judicial Discretion may result in judicial disagreement which will leave space for the judicial justice and judicial corruption and misuse law in adjudication;
13、it might harm the modern democratic politics of “decentralization”. All of above is to make the people understand Judicial Discretion comprehensively and completely.Part III: Regulation and some problems of Judicial Discretion. First, this part explains the relation Judicial Discretion with judicial
14、 independence, judicial justice and judicial corruption and misuse law in adjudication. Then the author puts forward some ideas in standardizing Judicial Discretion reasonable operation. And the author raises the four main principles and four standards that the reasonable operation should abide by,
15、so as to hope contribute to practicing the reasonable operation of Judicial Discretion.【中文关键词】 司法自由裁量权; 法理解析; 规制 【英文关键词】 Judicial Discretion; Jurisprudential Analysis; Regulation 【论文目录】摘要 4-6 Abstract 6-7 引言 9-11 一、司法自由裁量权概述 11-24 （一） 西方法学理论关于司法自由裁量权的阐释 11-16 （二） 司法自由裁量权的界定 16-24 二、司法自由裁量权理论辨析 24-33 （一） 绝对性和相对性的统一 24-28 （二） 积极性和消极性的统一 28-33 三、司法自由裁量权的若干问题及其规制 33-50 （一） 司法自由裁量权在理论和实践中的若干问题 33-39 （二） 规范司法自由裁量权合理运作的主要原则 39-44 （三） 规范司法自由裁量权合理运作的措施 44-50 结论 50-52 参考文献 52-55 后记 55-56
