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1、专业第28课卫生A阅读押题机会只给有准备的人。Opportunities are only for the prepared person. 卫生今年阅读没有新增文章，押题也就变成了猜题，极不靠谱，请大家做好无原题或押不中的准备！卫生阅读押题共1篇文章第三十九篇 Sauna 卫生A 第42篇 Sauna 综合A 桑拿浴本文中心：第一句Ceremonial bathing has existed存在 for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the
2、steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient
3、Rome andpre-Columbian Americas used sweat lodges.仪式性的沐浴已经有几千年的历史，并有多种形式，其中的一种就是桑拿浴。芬兰人完善了蒸汽浴，也就是桑拿浴。它可以在一个封闭的房间里将水浇在滚烫的石头上，或是一种干热浴。日本人、希腊人、土耳其人、俄国人以及美洲土着人在他们的沐浴传统中都有发汗浴这一形式。用干热浴发汗的方式是古罗马优先使用的，而哥伦布发现美洲大陆前的美洲人则使用发汗小屋。The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally f
4、illed with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say that the smoke sauna, savusauna is the
5、only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.最早的桑拿浴很有可能是在地下山洞里。由于当时还没有掌握烟技术，山洞里总是充满着火焰引起的烟。人们在火槽里生火，加热山洞的四壁。当墙壁达到一定的温度时，将浓烟排出洞外，这使得墙壁还能保持几个小时的高温。今天，有一些人认为有烟的桑拿
6、浴，烟熏桑拿， 才是真正的桑拿体验，而所有的桑拿浴都应该至少有烟熏或烟味儿的背景。现在，尽管煤油炉和烧木头的火炉仍然可以使用，大多数的桑拿浴都是用电妒。 Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the beat enlarges air passageways of the lu
7、ng and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery time. The bodys core temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying feed a
8、cold, starve a fever . The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood可能, 可能性of getting a cold in the first place.桑拿浴能使人放松并消除压力。肌肉疼痛或关节炎都可以利用桑拿浴的热气减轻疼痛和炎症。 热气还可以拓展哮喘患者的肺部通道，使呼吸更加顺畅。桑拿浴并不能治愈普通的感冒，但它可以减轻患者的胸闷感，加快康复的速度。在蒸桑拿浴时，人体温度通常会上升12摄氏度，就像 发低烧一样的感觉。因此，蒸桑拿可以说是印证了一句老话：伤风时宜吃，发热时宜饿。定期 蒸桑拿浴可以在第一时
9、间预防感冒的发生。 Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores气孔and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the bodys p
10、hysiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system, gets a work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.蒸桑拿对皮肤也有好处，它可以促进皮肤的
11、血液循环和出汗。在这个过程中，成年人一般每 小时要蒸发2磅的水。出汗可以清除毛孔中:的污垢Y使皮肤变得光洁。失水只是暂时性的，人体 机能能够很快补充合适的水量。在热气交换的过程中，心脏跳动得更快，这就使心血管系统也得 到了锻炼。蒸桑拿浴时的心率能从原来的平均每分钟72下增加到每分钟100 -150下。 A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctors advice. The elderly and
12、those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.健康的心脏可以承受这种变化，而那些心脏病患者
13、在蒸桑拿浴之前应该征求医生的建议。同样的，老年人和糖尿病患者也应如此。孕妇则不能蒸桑拿浴，尤其是在怀孕的头三个月。其实， 每个人在刚开始尝试桑拿浴时都应该先是短时间的，直到适应了这种沐浴方式。练习：1. Ceremonial bathing 仪式性的沐浴A) is called the sauna by FinnsB) is equivalent to the steam bathC) has various各种各样的forms形式D) is held in an enclosed room2. What is understood by some people to be the true
14、sauna experience经验, 体验? 下列哪项被有些人认为是真正的桑拿浴体验？A) Saunas in underground caves.B) Saunas with smoke烟.C) Saunas using wood burning stoves.D) Saunas using electric stoves.3. According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPT 根据文章第三段，下列哪一项是桑拿浴做不到的？A) reducing 减轻the chance of gettin
15、g coldB) speeding加速 recovery恢复C) Relieving消除 stress紧张D) curing 治愈asthma哮喘4. According to the fourth paragraph, sauna gives the skin a healthy glow红热光亮 because 根据文章第四段，桑拿浴可以让皮肤健康地红热光亮是因为：A) pores气孔are cleaned by sweat汗B) water is lost by sweatingC) blood moves to the surface for heat exchangeD) the h
16、eart pumps harder and faster5. Who are advised 建议not to take a sauna? 下列哪类人不建议做桑拿浴？A) Elderly people.B) Pregnant women.C) People with heart trouble.D) All of the above.注意： (1) 绝对原则：答案中有all, every, only always等绝对词一般为不正确，如被否定除外，原文中也有这些词除外 )！All of the above为正确答案答案与题解：1. C 第一段的第一句告诉我们，ceremonial bathin
17、g 有多种形式，其中一种是sauna。 所以只有C 是正确的选项。2. B 根据文章第二段的第四句，smoke sauna 被有些人认为是真正的sauna。句中background odor 也是指烟熏的气味。3.D 该段最后一句说The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold；第四句说they may help to speed recovery time；第一句说Saunas are stress relieving 所以，A、B、C 都是桑拿可以做的。第三句说Asthma patients
18、find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing，这不足以说明桑拿有治愈哮喘的作用。 因此，应选择D 项。4. A 该段第三句提供了答案。5. D 文章最后一段告诫几种人不能蒸桑拿浴，包括心脏病患者、老人、糖尿病患者、孕妇等。所以D 是正确的选项。词汇：sauna n. ( 芬兰式) 蒸汽浴，桑拿浴 congestion n. 阻塞；拥塞odor n. 气味，味道 grime n，污垢；尘垢arthritis n. 关节炎 cardiovascular adj. 心血管的infla
19、mmation n. 炎( 症) asthma n. 气喘diabetes n. 糖尿病SaunaCeremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat b
20、ath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome andpre-Columbian Americas used sweat lodges. The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire th
21、at naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say that the smoke sauna, sav
22、usauna is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available. Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the he
23、at relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the beat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery time. The bodys core temperature usually rises a 1
24、-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying feed a cold, starve a fever . The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place. Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin in
25、creases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the bodys physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardio
26、vascular system, gets a work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute. A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to
27、 use a sauna should seek a doctors advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to be
28、come accustomed to this type of bath.练习：1. Ceremonial bathingA) is called the sauna by FinnsB) is equivalent to the steam bath待添加的隐藏文字内容2C) has various formsD) is held in an enclosed room2. What is understood by some people to be the true sauna experience?A) Saunas in underground caves.B) Saunas wit
29、h smoke.C) Saunas using wood burning stoves.D) Saunas using electric stoves.3. According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPTA) reducing the chance of getting coldB) speeding recoveryC) relieving stressD) curing asthma4. According to the fourth paragraph, sauna gives the
30、 skin a healthy glow becauseA) pores are cleaned by sweatB) water is lost by sweatingC) blood moves to the surface for heat exchangeD) the heart pumps harder and faster5. Who are advised not to take a sauna?A) Elderly people.B) Pregnant women.C) People with heart trouble.D) All of the above. 孙老师特别提示：机会只给有准备的人。Opportunities are only for the prepared person.
