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1、 Development folk finance alleviates financing of medium and small businesses is difficult Summary financing of medium and small businesses is difficult already became the bottleneck that restricts progress of our country economy. The article introduced the current situation that finance of our coun
2、try current folk develops, the develops difficult to solving financing of medium and small businesses question effect that analysed civilian finance, put forward to advance a certain number of proposals of civilian finance development. Keyword capital of venture of financing of medium and small busi
3、nesses One, the current situation that finance of our country folk develops 1. The current situation that finance of folk of current our country developsCivilian finance is act of all sorts of financial organization forms that show industrial and commercial without course country service is register
4、ed, banking, money market. From the point of the angle of the system, it is civilian economy main body is not exploring system of the banking inside system or the initiative ramification below circumstance of support of mainstream finance supply. Civilian finance organizes a form to differentiate by
5、 its, can divide roughly for 3 kinds of forms: It is the individual that does not have an orgnaization without the organization leasehold with industry financing, be like an enterprise mutual financing, the company raises funds illegally etc; 2 it is to the organization is met without all sorts of f
6、inance of the orgnaization, the meeting that be like mark, carry meeting, close the meeting; 3 it is all sorts of financing forms that the government has an organization to have an orgnaization without what approbate, wait like travel of private old-style Chinese private bank, hock, foundation. In r
7、ecent years, activity of banking of our country folk is very brisk, civilian finance dimensions expands gradually. Investigate on the spot first according to what to the whole nation by group of task of finance of underground of university of central finance and economics 20 province undertook in De
8、cember 2004, 2003, the sheer scale of countrywide underground credit is in 745 billion yuan of 830 billion yuan between, nearly 30% what be equivalent to business of loan of normal finance orgnaization increasing the specified number. Stabilize report statistic according to finance of Chinese people
9、 bank, 2005, the civilian financing outside system of control of our country finance is calculated it is 950 billion yuan, be equivalent to GDP6.96% left and right sides, be equivalent to this foreign currency loan 5.92% the left and right sides. Above investigates data to make clear adequately, no
10、matter be,show finance of folk of level our country lie in amount or current domain respect period of a rapid development. 2. The case study that finance of folk of current our country expands quickly(The finance with active 1) depresses policy is the policy cause that causes civilian finance to dev
11、elop quickly. Long-term since, our country has control to interest rate, set the highest lowest limit that deposits money interest rate every year. Although in recent years the country allows interest rate to have certain float space, but float range is not big, far the requirement that did not achi
12、eve finance to liberalize. It is under policy of depression of this kind of finance, deposit person to avoid a loss, must have own investment or borrow money through civilian banking organization, the government of interest rate far outclass of the profit margin because of own investment or civilian
13、 finance deposits money interest rate. Small to folk loan person for, have borrow or lend money to big bank, cost of its interest rate is inferior, but other concealed is formed is exalted however originally; And pass folk leasehold, although cost of its interest rate is taller, but other is invisib
14、le cost is very low however, two-phase is compared, latter efficiency is taller. This is the main reason that civilian finance is able to grow quickly. (The abidance of economy of 2) civilian battalion rises abruptly is the demand reason that civilian finance grows quickly. The development of civili
15、an battalion economy asks civilian financing gives necessary financing support. At present our country is not state-owned economy to be led to GDP contribution in order to amount to 63% , the contribution that raises a cost to industry is led in order to amount to 74% , state-owned branch increases
16、the contributive rate of the value to have 24% only to industry. (Small bank pace is slow in 3) nation development it is the efficiency reason that civilian finance grows quickly. As a result of the characteristic of banking, our country banking is in 4 big banks all the time the condition of absolu
17、tely forestall. In recent years, develop as the development of market economy, although the joint-stock bank, share-holding system bank development with get certain, going up somehow alleviated the huge gap of civilian leasehold demand, but the national restriction to banking still very strict, comp
18、are with photograph of 4 big banks, exemple of geometric ratio of joint-stock bank, share-holding system bank still inferior. Accordingly, all sorts of folks leasehold requirements still are hard to satisfy. Moreover, folk is leasehold the frequency that happen second tall, borrow money every time a
19、mount is small, information asymmetry exists between the person that increase these banks and loan, make their trade cost is very big, accordingly, the capital requirement that relies on 4 big banks, joint-stock bank, share-holding system bank to satisfy folk is extremely unreasonable on efficiency.
20、 2, the develops financing of pair of medium and small businesses effect of civilian finance In recent years, medium and small businesses already became the substantial that economy of our country countryman grows gradually. The contributive rate of medium and small businesses to national economy ri
21、ses ceaselessly, our country medium and small businesses is on the index such as the amount of tax to be paid of benefit of total production value, implementation and exit forehead occupy 60 , 40 respectively, with 60 . Medium and small businesses already became the main source of the main body of l
22、ocal economy and local finance income. They create of economy of active with respect to job opportunity market to drive innovation of science and technology and ascensive to enlarge exit to dissolve financial venture to sustain agriculture to promoting economy to grow development and even the effect
23、 with drive our country whole economic system to be being developed main. However, the financial resource that place of medium and small businesses obtains is in with its national economy and intention of social developing position are however extremely unworthily. As a kind of dissociate at the bla
24、me besides national finance normal banking activity, civilian finance accepts system of economic base, banking and law, code restrict, come for years, be in all the time “ crack “ in beg live, because do not have very specific law standard to limit, sometimes finance of law of approximate Yu Fei. Co
25、ncerned branch is right its often “ open an eye, close a key point “ , make its are in manage to pay no attention to, the canal no matter condition. Regard a kind of finance as the activity, in the process that carries out in this macroscopical adjusting control especially, civilian finance caused w
26、ide attention, its risk advantages and disadvantages also is anxious for people more. Accordingly, must from advantages and disadvantages to its two respects undertake objective analysis, seek the means that solves a problem actively on this foundation. 1. The civilian finance positive effect to fin
27、ancing of medium and small businesses(1) folk finance alleviated on certain level the situation with bad financing of medium and small businesses, promoted the development of medium and small businesses. The bottleneck that medium and small businesses develops often is capital inadequacy, and this k
28、ind of situation gets very hard alleviating through normal finance channel again. Civilian finance is a few beg borrow incapable medium and small businesses and individual and industrial and commercial door saw a pressing need. (2) folk finance is helpful for raising capital to use efficiency. Civil
29、ian financing is both sides of a kind of agreement amount to of ones own accord commercialize financing mechanism into what trade. Information height is symmetrical between agreement both sides, as capital supply square usurer is opposite the fund use of borrower and the understanding that invest a
30、project to have more comprehensive, development, be helpful for its deciding financing is decision-making correctly consequently, use in capital to usurer on give real time is supervised. Usurer is a rational sexual behavior commonly “ economic person “ , because its financing conduct is made active
31、ly below the condition that violates without any administration, it is the result that the individual chooses independently, consequently mechanisms of such a kind of financing, in can assuring to put reimbursement ability on to have assuring individual hand most capital greatly or anticipate accrua
32、l first-rate invests a project to go up. To borrower, because capital supply just is an individual, corresponding aggrandizement its credence tie and reimbursement responsibility, decided its must reasonable and efficient the ground uses fund, the develops fund use efficiency of utmost. (3) folk fin
33、ance is helpful for controlling management and control venture. The area of civilian financing is small, there is the connection of countless ties between borrower and loan. Borrower beforehand has relatively detailed knowledge to usurer and its fund use. Borrow counteract what there is different ra
34、te after borrowing to last trends dogs, can use the land predestined relationship, consanguineous wait for a relation to undertake supervisory to the use of loan, the appears possibly risk in be being applied to capital has the control of certain level, its reality risk is not consequently particula
35、r very big. (4) folk finance and normal finance form complementary effect, it is the indispensable one part in system of our country banking. Compare with developed country photograph, the objectivity that civilian finance develops in our country and necessity appear more outstanding. The complement
36、ary effect that civilian finance has to normal finance place is more intense also. Because,this is: Our country is a typical binary economy country, urban and rural economy and financial development are extremely lopsided, this provided favorable macroscopical environment for the development of civi
37、lian finance. In the meantime, the circumstance that administrative levels of form of composition of a variety of system of ownership, diversified economy, diversified economy coexists is in our country will long-standing, the medium and small businesses with numerous amount and distributing be in v
38、ast rural area when with 100 million plan the satisfaction of the demand of the huge fund of farmer, need to appeal partly quite at civilian finance, this was offerred for the development of civilian finance give birth to the impulsion that is born not to cease. 2. The civilian finance negative effe
39、ct to financing of medium and small businesses(The development aggravate of 1) folk finance the risk of capital fund of credit of normal banking organization. To having a bank already loan has civilian finance to organize the medium and small businesses of loan again, because civilian banking organi
40、zation and its relationship are closer, civilian banking organization understands those medium and small businesses more, can chase after in official finance orgnaization commonly go ahead of the rest seeks a fund before the paragraph. And, in normally borrow money those medium and small businesses
41、in repaying can repay first commonly latter. This increased what financing of gold of normal finance orgnaization produces to repay undoubtedly risk, reduce the value of capital of finance of normal finance orgnaization. (The development of 2) folk finance causes credit crisis easily. At present our
42、 country still maintains credit monopoly system, state-owned bank has national credit to make backup force, and civilian finance is organized not only make without national credit assure, assure even basic law to be done not have with legal standard even, its consequently potential risk is great. Ne
43、xt, civilian finance apt “ high interest pulls paragraph, high interest to put borrow “ management mode, according to rough statistic, be in certain zone, the civilian leasehold occurence rate of high interest was achieved 85% , the occurence rate of freeboard interest rate was achieved even 25% , t
44、his kind of mode is a when cause credit crisis fundamental premise. Moreover, civilian finance lacks deposit to be sure to support, they rely on can be oneself credence only, once civilian finance orgnaization closes down, depositor is damaged. (3) folk finance raised the capital cost of the enterpr
45、ise. The interest rate of government of interest rate prep above of most folk finance, there is no lack of even usurious, this certainly will raised the cost pay of the enterprise, make originally with respect to actual strength not big medium and small businesses assumes exorbitant indebted risk. 3
46、, development folk finance, widen the policy of channel of financing of medium and small businesses suggests 1. Change idea, face up to and take civilian finance seriously, governmental management department should guide correctly to civilian finance, scanty block union up, hurried its are normative
47、The government sector treats finance of economic developing folk to want to change the way of indulge freedom, accomplish guide correctly, scanty block union up. Should do well energetically conduct propaganda works, let masses understand civilian banking activity to must abide by the concerned regu
48、lation of state law and administrative regulations strictly, abide by help each other of ones own accord the principle of honest credence. To helping each other civilian finance of the gender, the agree identifies his the rationality in economic system, establish its are lawful position. 2 it is to
49、should come on stage “ civilian banking regulation “ , bring into civilian finance legal system to change course, bring into finance to superintend limits, build a lawful mobile platform for normative folk finance. 3 it is dynamic in civilian finance place, can establish corresponding administration or seek advice from an orgnaization, offer such as for leasehold both sides “ contract law “ , “ the judicatory with top people leasehold t
