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1、SR80型条并卷机防棉卷粘连初探王世起 刘跃铜 王世明(天津纺织集团天一有限公司)PX2型精梳机是国产新一代的精梳设备，我公司于1999年安装了24台，配套安装3台SR80型条并卷机，几年来先后纺CJ 145 tex、CJl82tex、CJ l3tex、CJ 97tex等品种，车速在280钳次min和230钳次min；条干CV在410以内，重量CV在1215，该设备在生产中发挥了良好的作用。在生产中，我们注意到在使用新疆长绒棉、内陆棉、澳棉、西非棉、美棉等不同原棉时，由于配棉的变化，棉卷上出现不同程度的粘卷现象，严重影响半制品质量水平，使落棉率也发生很大波动。我们通过对SR80型条并卷机成卷原
2、理的分析和对该机在成卷过程中各阶段受力状态的调试，认为各阶段受力不合理是造成粘卷的主要原因。1 现象与分析 我们用SR80型条并卷机和A191型条卷机同纺CJ 145 tex品种时，除SR80型条并卷机总牵伸倍数比A191型条卷机略大014倍以外，在原棉配置、温湿度、预并工艺定量及挡车工操作等相关因素均相同的情况下，观察SR80型机纺制棉卷在PX2型精梳机上退绕时，毛羽较多，层次欠分明，小卷有粘连情况；而A191型机纺制棉卷在A201型精梳机上退绕时，层次分明，小卷无粘连情况。 结合两种机型制卷主要工作要素的差异进行分析： SR80型条并卷机采用双眼棉层制卷，A191型条卷机采用预并条子制卷，
3、制卷形式和棉条接触次数上的差异造成粘卷； SR80型条并卷机设定卷长为300 m，A191型条卷机设定卷长为114m，在满卷过程中两种长度造成小卷外层对内层“束缚”力有差异，造成粘卷； SR80型条并卷机和A191型条卷机在制卷过程中，除成卷机构部件的重力对小卷施压外，SR80型条并卷机在制卷过程中随长度增加对小卷施压渐增(变值)，而A191型条卷机采用简单机械杠杆施压(定值)，加压方式的差异造成粘卷。 结合SR80型条并卷机外部施压几种情况制成棉卷的形态进行分析： 输入较小外部压力恒值时，成卷形态蓬松，此卷在PX2型精梳机退绕时无粘连，但长度太短，实际生产中不可能采用。说明在制卷过程中，必须
4、输入一个足够外力，用来平衡由于小卷直径增大所需的控制力，才能制出设定长度的棉卷； 输入较大的外部压力恒值时，成卷形态僵实，此卷在PX2型精梳机上退绕时粘连十分严重，无法生产。说明在制卷过程中，外力远远大于小卷直径增大所需的控制力，造成棉层纤维间揉搓粘连，致使成卷无法使用； 输入适当的外部压力恒值时，成卷侧面手感紧密程度不一。此卷在PX2型精梳机上退绕时，大中卷无粘连，小卷阶段出现不同程度的粘连，成卷尚可使用。说明在制卷过程中，存在外力大于小卷直径阶段所需的控制力，致使小卷出现阶段性粘连，需挡车工及时巡回和处理； 输入合理的外部压力变值时，成卷侧面手感紧密程度基本一致，在PX2型精梳机上退绕时全
5、卷无粘连。说明在制卷过程中，每阶段的外压力均与小卷当时所纺直径所需的控制力匹配，并贯穿在成卷全过程。我们将满卷长度分成若干等长阶段，记录每个阶段末的气压值，发现相邻阶段的气压值增量基本相同，且气压值各点连线呈有一定斜率的直线。在实际生产中，我们认为在满卷前若干长度对应的压力值不需再按此斜率增加，并将此值延续至满卷，对成卷防粘更为有利。2 小卷和满卷防粘小卷最内几层防止粘卷，应调整拖架气缸两侧活塞杆初始长度，使成卷罗拉与圆盘凸盘间距在 mm为宜。 满卷最外层粘卷与小压辊壳件和棉卷接触已纺长度有关，接触过早外层易造成乱卷层,过晚则卷尾头抹不上。最好在棉卷最后5m左右时调整接触并保持小压辊部件灵活，
6、轻压在棉层上起到贴伏作用即可。相关其他工作的要求除充分考虑原棉条件、纤维长度、线密度等物理指标外，对原棉中含糖量较高的要进行消糖处理，对防粘卷有利。 合理选择工艺参数是防粘卷必不可少的措施： 要重点考虑预并到条并卷的总牵伸倍数，一般应控制在9倍12倍为宜； SR80型条并卷机总喂给根数不能低于24根，双眼棉层并卷时要尽量错位叠合； SR80型条并卷机总牵伸倍数应控制在150倍左右为宜； 紧压罗拉加压弹簧加压适中，并保持左右压力的均衡； 设备所有过棉通道必须经常保持无棉蜡、无毛刺、应清洁滑爽。 SR80型条并卷机、PX2型精梳机的生产环境、温湿度要求相对严格，温度2325，相对湿度5355，生产
7、最稳定。 我们使用的SR80型条并卷机的喂入高架属非积极式，棉条在进入后牵伸罗拉前，由于棉条抖动时而发生棉条错位情况，也容易造成棉卷中的局部粘连，所以要求挡车工勤巡视，发现问题及时纠正。3 结束语(1)影响SR80型条并卷机粘卷的主要原因就是制卷过程中各阶段压力值与各阶段小卷直径所需控制力不相匹配所致。 (2)在设计整个满卷过程中压力曲线的时候，应重点考虑纤维长度和线密度，并在生产中加以观察修正压力曲线。 (3)我厂在纺CJ97tex品种时，根据原棉的物理指标和原棉配棉的具体情况，将原机气路进行了改造，也达到了棉卷退绕时不粘连的效果。Editors note: Judson Jones is
8、a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space h
9、ear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on
10、the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im a
11、nxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up t
12、here Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I
13、 feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will n
14、ever reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I kne
15、w it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disap
16、pointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with cap
17、sule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers)
18、 and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume,
19、 he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It
20、 will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But
21、this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,0
22、00 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a spee
23、d that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.
