中国服装行业分析报告.doc

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1、2006中国服装行业分析报告一、服装总体市场分析衣、食、住、行是人类生活的四大元素。人们把“衣”放在首位,可见衣服对于我们的重要性。中国人口十四亿,庞大的人口基数本身就组成了一个庞大的服装消费市场。同时随着中国国民收入的不断飞升,在2004年人均GDP超过了1000美元后,中国市场将进入精品消费时代,服装消费将不再仅仅为了满足其最基本的生存需求,将向更高的心理需求、自我满足需求跃进,特别是几千万人口跨入中产阶级后,其对反映自身社会地位和品位的服饰的需求将越来越迫切,将成就一批抓住了该阶层需求的服装品牌。国内服装市场将越做越大,市场细分将越来越小,但今后国内服装市场的消费趋势将集中在精品化和个性

2、化上。二、服装市场细分分析1、性别细分女装市场分析:女装市场一直是服装市场的大头,其一直引领着时尚和潮流,是时尚、个性的代表。女性购买服装的频率和金额是所有服装消费群体中最多的,有得女装者得天下一说。因此众多企业和资源混战在女装市场里,女装品牌众多,各品牌之间差距不大。据统计,排在前十位的品牌之间市场综合占有率的差距并不大,总和也只在15%左右。国内女装品牌带有强烈的区域色彩,还没有一个能在全国形成规模和影响,例如颜色鲜艳、色块较大、结合时尚流行款式的“汉派”服装,带有江南文化气息的杭州女装产业和具有港澳风格的深圳、广东虎门女装产业。众多国内女装品牌其定位基本是定位在中低档市场,在中高档市场上

3、还没几家知名品牌。同时随着国内消费者消费观念的成熟和国内市场的不断扩大,世界女装大牌也纷纷进军中国,国内市场越来越成为世界女装的重要组成部分。国外女装品牌纷纷进住国内的一线城市,或专店或专柜。虽说其目前渠道较少,价格定位较高,但其对女装高档市场的影响和对国内女装时尚趋势的影响却是巨大的,基本占椐了高档市场。同时国外品牌为了开拓更广阔的内地市场和占椐中高档女装市场,与国内品牌合作的步伐越来越快,市场竞争也越来越激烈。男装市场分析:根据国家统计局2000年第五次全国人口普查公报,中国男性人口数量为65355万人,占总人口的51.63%,比女性的比例略高,由此可见,中国的男装消费者构成了一个容量不容

4、忽视的市场。目前我国男装业的发展已具有相当的基础:男装企业拥有现代化生产设备,产品市场定位相对明确,质量比较稳定。继2001年11家衬衫品牌荣获中国名牌战略推进委员会评价的“中国名牌”后,2003年又有12家男西服品牌荣获“中国名牌”称号,我国男装产品实物质量的发展已达到一定的水准;品牌集中度较高、产业集群化发展速度较快;企业生产经营向系列化、休闲化、国际化、多品牌、多元化方向发展,企业投资领域不断扩大,企业间资源整合周期缩短;企业注重利用品牌效应,建立产品跨地区、跨国市场营销网络。由于中国男装市场品牌发展起步较早,相较于其它服装成熟,但由于各地新品牌层出不穷,因此竞争仍异常激烈。前十名品牌占

5、据全国几乎50%的市场,前三名:雅戈尔、杉杉和罗蒙市场地位相对稳定,其中雅戈尔市场优势明显,市场综合占有率超过10%,其他品牌的市场综合占有率较低,大多在1%和2%左右徘徊,且相互之间较为接近。2、年龄段细分国内成年服装年龄段分类基本为:1830,3045,4565,65。 1830:该年龄段的消费群体是服装消费的最主要的群体,是消费群体中服装购买频率最多,总体购买金额较多的群体,该年龄段人口在1.8亿左右,其中女性人口略多于男性,与中国总体人口男女比例相反。该群体具有一定的经济基础,很强的购买欲望,时尚,追求流行、个性,敢于尝试新事物,容易接受各种新品牌。该群体中很大一部分容易冲动购物。是目

6、前服装品牌最多,竞争最激烈的细分市场。30-45:该年龄段的消费群体是服装消费的主要群体,是消费群体中购买单件服装价值最高的群体,该年龄段人口在3.3亿左右。该群体是消费群体种经济基础最为雄厚的群体,有较强的购买欲望。但该群体大多数人的人生观和价值观已相对成熟,因此对风格、对时尚有自己的喜好,其中相当部分人已有自己喜好的品牌,对新品牌的接受程度较低,购物理性居多。有相当部分品牌定位于此细分市场。 45-65:该年龄段的人口在2.7亿左右。该年龄段的消费群体事业有成,服装购买欲望一般,但对服装有一定的高阶需求(即品牌需求)。市场上适合该年龄段的服装品牌较少,往往是有购买欲望时,却找不到适合的服装

7、品牌,特别是满足该年龄段的女性服装品牌严重缺失,市场机会较大。 65-:该年龄段人口在1亿左右,购买欲望较低,对服装的需求不是 很强。对于该年龄段的服装品牌基本为空缺。 3、产品属类细分 我们将现有市场中主要服装产品的属类进行划分,他们包括: 商务正装系列商务正装系列包括在正式商务活动及高级商务会晤期间所穿着的商务服装,包括如西装(套装)、燕尾服(宴会装)等类型的服装系列。此类服装代表着经典、非凡与高尚,被誉为“衣着贵族”。此类服装的市场需求量一定,价值较高。 高级时装系列高级时装也被人称之为“明星服装”,因为这类服装往往价格高昂,诸如各类时尚晚宴及高级典礼之中进行穿着。此系列服装以奢侈、豪华

8、为设计特点,大多以纯个性化(即个人订制)订购为经营模式。 周末休闲系列在周末休闲的服装系列中,还可进行细分,以现今市场中所出现的休闲类型大致可分为:大众休闲(如佐丹奴、班尼路等)、运动休闲(如国际的耐克、阿迪达斯、李宁的专业运动休闲、Lacoste的网球休闲、Wolsey的高尔夫休闲等)、时尚休闲(如ONLY、VEROMODA等)、户外休闲(如PaulShark的海洋休闲、JEEP的野外休闲等)等。虽然休闲品牌领域的竞争者越来越多,各个品牌开始将原有品牌的着装领域进行延伸,并将一些具体的生活或娱乐概念符之其上,使之更为形象也更加容易被消费者所接受。 “新正装”系列随着“知识精英族群”日益成为都

9、市社会的主流人群,品味休闲、人本与自然的双重追求成为时尚,大量生活化正装、休闲化正装、时尚化正装、商务休闲装的出现,跳脱了传统正装或休闲装的领域,这些都可以统成为“新正装”系列。正装休闲化已经成为了近年国际服装市场的一大流行趋势,“新正装”概念正是近年来在这一潮流趋势下应运而生,其定位于“知识精英族群”的社会主流人群,着力营造出一种品位休闲、人本与自然的双重追求时尚,为男/女士提供了一种小时以外同样可以展示自己魅力的选择。尤其是商务休闲系列是近几年国际消费市场中越来越推崇的着装方式,即能够在一般的商务场合进行着装,也可以在八小时外着装,可以更加放松的享受工作和生活,因此,也越来越受到多数白领和

10、成功人士的喜爱。由于“新正装”继承了正装和休闲装的双重元素,已经成长为一种独立的衣着文化,“新正装”的主导消费群体都是各行业的青年才俊,包括技术型、知识型艺术型等知识精英族群,而且这个消费群体正在迅速的扩大。三、运营分析服装品牌目前主要为两种运营模式:走大众品牌和走专业品牌。两种运营模式在设计、生产、价格、渠道和促销上有着根本的不同。 大众品牌分析设计、生产:国内大众服装品牌在设计上主要以满足主流大众的整体需求为主;在生产上以大规模定制为主。 价格:目前国内大众服装品牌主流价格主要集中在中低档;价格在中高档的基本为正装和时装品牌;国外进入国内市场的大众服装品牌较少,进入的也基本上也集中在高端。

11、 渠道:目前大众服装品牌行业流行的渠道方式主要为:自营型、加盟型及代理型,三者之间的关系在于合作经营者与企业之间的紧密程度:自营型的营销方式对于企业而言控制更加紧密,而且在管理上可以企业的意志而转移,管理阻力较小,但相对而言在经营的成本上则会较高;代理型的品牌营销渠道管理方式,则需要企业的合作伙伴具有较强的品牌营销及管理意识,且在经营地区的经营网络与背景优势上要求较高,双方之间的合作紧密度依据产品在市场中的盈利表现而定,企业对代理者的管理较弱,多是指导与辅助关系;而相对于加盟型的营销合作关系,则是自营与代理之间的结合体,其中即会有企业方的资源及资金投入,也会相应的借助合作伙伴的区域优势进行营销

12、推广,但在加盟型的渠道合作关系中,需要企业具备强大的品牌管理能力及市场形象的创建能力方可为加盟者提供更为持久的经营动力。在营销地点的设置中,还可细分为商场型营销、专营店营销及k/A(专指连锁超市及大卖场)群体营销。在大中型城市中,消费者在购买高价值的服装时多会选择信誉较高与形象较好的商场进行购物,对于服装品牌产品而言商场能够提供更为充足的消费群,也可以通过商场的信誉与形象提高品牌的号召力与影响力,但是毕竟“僧多粥少”,商场的经营面积有限,商场在城市中的数量也同样有限,这就造成了众多品牌“竞争上岗”的局面,所以也就造成了:虽然商场产品销量很高但却并不盈利(经营扣点高、资金周转慢、管理效率低以及经

13、常出现“暗箱”操作的黑色成本支出);而服装品牌的专营店营销方式多出现在城市商业密集地区的街边或是以专厅形式出现的商厦(城)中,专营店营销形式的设立能够更加体现品牌的形象表达力,也可以通过独立的展示空间对品牌文化以及产品风格进行独立设置,因此也有的企业将专营店向更大规模的方向发展,如所谓的旗舰店或中心店形式。而K/A群体营销则更加适合于中低档大众型消费的服装产品,当然也会有部分K/A渠道对品牌企业进行了专有化设置,可以在卖场中建立专柜(厅)进行独立展示。现今的大众服装品牌在营销渠道和营销地点上很大部分是各种渠道和地点混合,根据不同的市场选择不同的渠道和方式。大众服装品牌的市场分布于各个城市中,渠

14、道布点叫多,动则几百个专卖店(柜),最少的也有几十个销售点,以渠道规模制胜,得渠道者得天下。促销:大众服装品牌在宣传上,大部分走明星效应,其中很多出现了明星大于品牌的颠倒现象,主要载体以电视媒体、互联网、专业的服装杂志和大众的时尚杂志为主,但其更多的资源是放在终端的宣传和专卖形象的设计上;在促销方面,主要手段以打折为主,且在市场竞争中,折扣手段花样越来越多,如节假日折扣、换季折扣、周末折扣等,几乎天天都有打折的机会,而且打折的幅度也越来越大,相当部分大众服装品牌纯粹以打折为市场营销手段。 专业品牌分析设计、生产:专业品牌在设计上以时尚、风格、经典、精品为主,更多的以满足目标客户的个性化需求和时

15、尚要求,具有一定或较高的附加价值。生产上以小规模生产或订制为主。 价格:专业品牌价格基本走中高端,且进入国内市场的国外服装品牌也基本都为专业品牌。 渠道:专业品牌基本以自营为主,渠道主要布在国内的北京、上海、广州、杭州、深圳或一些消费水平较高有影响力的一线城市;营销地点以一线城市的高档商场专柜或商业圈的专营店为主。专业品牌不是以渠道规模制胜,而是以渠道影响力(或品牌影响力)制胜,一些国外品牌仅仅只在个别一线城市设有一两个点,但其影响却依然十分巨大。 促销:专业品牌注重平面传播和口碑传播,进行的是结合各种媒体资源有计划的中长期整合传播,其专卖形象十分有特色。促销多以客户VIP形式,给与客户更有价

16、值、更体贴的服务,注重客户的品牌忠诚度;打折促销偶尔也做,多在节假日或换季时期,但折扣幅度较小。四、消费者购买心理分析在服装现有市场分析,时尚女装品牌占中国服装25%,职业女装占10%,正装男装占10%,休闲男装占5%,而运动系列占10%,男女休闲占40%。现在消费者逐渐转向休闲服饰消费,主要是休闲服饰带来新的生活方式,即简单又舒服,特别年轻消费者的影响力会较大。而对现在年轻的消费者的调查所得对休闲服饰的看法是比较简单,舒适,而且有个性,同时随着“新正装”的兴起,45岁下的中青年消费者逐渐倾向于“新正装”风格,对休闲服装的要求也不断提升,但现服装风格接近,档次集中在中低挡也让其在选择上(特别是

17、在中高档休闲服装)存在很大的困难。随着中国消费者消费能力的增加,在其进行服饰购买时已不再单纯考虑产品的基本功能,在达到一定经济收入的前提下为了满足工作需求(如商务活动)、心理需求(如羡慕尊重)、生活需求(如时尚装饰)以及社交需求(如品味交流)之时,选择购买更能够表现经济实力、自身品味的品牌产品则是必然。伴随着信息交流速度更为快捷,中国国内可进行品牌消费的消费群体与国际流行时尚需求的步伐几乎一致。中国服装消费市场正沿着:需求消费时髦消费时尚消费个性消费,这样一个由低到高的品牌消费需求轨迹进行着变革。虽然在现阶段内因地区经济的差异、个人收入的差异以及城市间文化的差异等因素的影响,导致中国服装消费市

18、场还存在整体不均衡的表现,但随着时间的推移,这种差异量将会快速持平。 据一份对十个一线城市的15-60岁的消费者抽样调查(2003年数据)表明:被调查的消费者如要购买中档服装,会以香港品牌为首选;购买高档服装者,以外国名牌为首选; 77%受访者表示,每次逛街消费都会到服装店; 在白领女性受访者中,83-85%经常到服装店购物;消费者通常在假日购买成衣的比例:香港73%、广州61%、上海59%、深圳55%、成都46%;消费者购买成衣的渠道:连销店(38%)居首位,其余依次为百货店(35%)及服装购物商场(16%);受访学生之中,逾半喜到连锁店购买便服;女行政人员则喜欢在百货店购买衣服;受访女白领

19、中逾60%最注重品质,54%注重颜色与款式,38注重价格; 便服方面,大部份受访者最注重价格;购买服装的消费额:受访者平均每年花在购买服装上的金额为2 ,080元人民币(下同)或其个人收入的7.3%。大连居首位(2,850元),其余依次为上海(2,300元),广州(1,850元),成都(1,740元)及北京(1,660元)。香港消费者每年花费(15,000元-20,000元);女行政人员花在服装上的消费额最高,每年平均为3,130元,女白领为2,840元,学生只花900元; 何时购买服装:67%受访者表示会在一时冲动情况下购买服装,其中香港受访者占比率最高(87%),内地上海最高(82%),其

20、余依次为广州(72%)、北京(64%)。本次调查发现大部份年青女白领(65%),会因为衣服漂亮而非因实际个人需要而消费; 消费者购买服装时,最重视的五个考虑因素依次为:尺码是否合身(94%)、裁剪(92%)、价格合理(88%)、质料(87%)及款式时髦(76%); 逾半受访者认为折扣是最吸引他们的推广招数。内地售卖服装的百货店及连锁店,都会在节假时期打折。此外,电视、户外广告、免费赠品都能吸引消费者注意。Editors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced wi

21、th CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I als

22、o missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space ra

23、ce has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in t

24、he New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued

25、to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journali

26、st and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when

27、 a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiv

28、erWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen

29、 as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere

30、 (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (call

31、ed the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic divi

32、ng platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for

33、 the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast

34、 or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully,

35、 he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is gua

36、ranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of tho

37、se monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.Editors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I wil

38、l always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events w

39、ere way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and s

40、pace events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chan

41、ce to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky t

42、o test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into unchart

43、ed territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our a

44、tmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (caps

45、ule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be ve

46、ry calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85

47、 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet

48、(22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. S

49、till, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of t

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