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1、初中英语语法专项习题1名词初中英语语法专项习题 一、名词 表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。 可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词。 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词 专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States） 名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： 一般情况下,在词尾加s. eg.bookbooks,dogdogs,penp
2、ens,boyboys 以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为s，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为z。 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. eg.beachbeaches,brushbrushes,busbuses,boxboxes以“辅音字母y”结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加es. eg.citycities,familyfamilies,documentarydocumentaries,countrycountries, strawberrystrawberries 以o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ,.tomatotomatoes,potatopotatoes, he
3、roheroes negro negroes mongomongoesp 结尾是两个元音字母的加s,eg.zoozoos,radioradios 某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. pianopianos 一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s, eg.photophotos,kilokilos zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加 eg.zeroszeroes 以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. eg.wifewives,leaf leaves,halfhalves,knifeknives,thiefthieves 有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换
4、其中的字 1 eg.manmen,womanwomen,policemanpolicemen,EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen, footfeet, toothteeth, childchildren,mousemice,OxOxen 还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish 另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。 eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors 另外,当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 eg.
5、an apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 eg.two men teachers,three women doctors 可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 eg.a room Of students,two boxes Of pencils 2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。 表不定数量时,一般用much,little,a lot oflots of,some,any等词
6、修饰。 eg,much money,a little bread 表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：twothree+量词复数十of+不可数名词。 eg.a bag Of rice,two glasses Of milk,four bottles Of water 3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。 eg： fruit水果fruits表示不同种类的水果；food食物foods各种食品；fish鱼fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、酒a drink一杯一份饮料、一杯酒； cloth布,a cloth桌布、抹布； sand沙sands沙滩； tea
7、茶a tea一杯茶；chicken鸡肉a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁an orange橘子； glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜； paper纸a paper试卷、论文；wood木头a wood小森林；room空间、余地a room房间 名词的所有格 有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。 不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加s. eg.Mikes watch；Womens Day 以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,只加。 eg.teachersoffice,studentsrooms 两个或两个以上名词并列,表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名
8、词后加s. eg.Tom and Mikes room汤姆和迈克的房间 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加s. eg.Marys and Jennys bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车 无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构 2 eg.a map Of China,the beginning Of this game,the door Of the room 特殊形式 可用s和of短语表示的名词所有格 eg.the boys name=the name Of the boy the dogs legs=the legs of the dog Chinas population=
9、the population Of China Chinas capital=the capital of China 双重所有格 eg.a fiend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片 练习题 1. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more_. Can yo
10、u go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _are_for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big_ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree_. A. leafs B. l
11、eaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some _?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five_. A.tomatosB. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us_ on
12、how to keep fit. A.some advices B.someadvice C.an adviceD.a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew_ was bad. 3 A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What_ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like_tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two_. A. any, bottles of orang
13、e B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him _ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:_ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some ti
14、me ( ) 4 I would like to have_. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me _? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought_for himse
15、lf yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many _ have you got on your farm? -Ive got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3
16、In the picture there are many_ and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs ( ) 4 A group of_ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. JapaneseD. American 5 ( ) 1 This table is made of_. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What woul
17、d you like to have for lunch, sir? -Id like_. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make_for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 6 ( ) 1 Tables are made of_. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why _ are so interested in
18、 action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read_ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 7 ( ) 1 Lets meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of_? A. the Peoples Park B. the Peoples Park C. the People Park D. Peoples Park ( ) 2 _ Chinese people
19、 are _ hard working people. A. /; a B. We; the C. The; the D. The; a ( ) 3 How many were there in the street when the accident happened? A. policeman B. polices C. police D. peoples 8 ( ) 1 If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller_. A. set B. one C. piece D. pair ( ) 2 Last week I bought a TV_.
20、A. pair . B. set C. piece D. block ( ) 3 There is a of wood left on the ground. A. cup B. piece , C. box D. pair 9 ( ) 1 There are sixty-seven_ in our school. A. womens teacher B. women teachers 4 B. C. woman teachers D. women teacher ( ) 2 There are five_in our factory. A. woman driver B, women dri
21、ver C. woman drivers D. women drivers ( ) 3 These _ were sent to the villages to help the farmers. A. women doctor B. women doctors C. woman doctors D. woman doctor 10 ( ) 1 They write most of their_ in English. A. business letter B. business letters C. businesses D. businesses letters ( ) 2 We came
22、 to a _ at last .and went in. A. watch shop B. watches shop C. watching shop D. watchs shop ( ) 3 This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. Its a_. A. food shop B. book shop C. fruit shop D. vegetable shop ( ) 4 She broke a_while she was washing up. A. glass of wine B. glass for wine C.
23、 glass wine D. wine glass ( ) 5 Ive forgotten both of the_. A. room numbers . B. rooms number C. rooms numbers D. room number 11 1. September 10th is_in China. A. Teachers Day B. TeachersDay C. Teacher Day D. Teachers Day ( ) 2 -Is the broom under _ desk? -No, its under_. A. the teachers; my B. teac
24、hers; mine C. teachers; me D. the teachers; mine ( ) 3 Excuse me, where is the_? A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms 12 ( ) 1 The football under the bed is_. A. Lily and Lucy B. Lilys and Lucys C. Lilys and Lucy D. Lily and Lucys ( ) 2 This is my_dictionary. A. sister Mary B. sister
25、s C. sister, Marys D. sisters Marys ( ) 3 He went to _ shop to buy a shirt. A. a tailor B. the tailor C. a tailors D. the tailors ( ) 4 Joan is_. A. Marys and Jack sister B. Mary and Jacks sister C. Mary and Jack sister D. Marys and Jacks sister 13 ( ) 1 In a few_ time, those mountains will be cover
26、ed with trees. A. year B. years C. years D. years ( ) 2 Its about _ walk from my house. A. ten minute B. ten minutes C. ten minutes D. ten minutes ( ) 3 The post office is a bit far from here. Its about_. A. thirty minutess walk B. thirty minutes walk C. thirty minutes walk D. thirty minutes walk (
27、) 4 Half_ telephone calls are made in English. A. the world B. world C. the worlds D. worlds 14 ( ) 1 _ face to the south. A. Windows of the room B. The windows of the room C. The rooms windows D. The windows in room ( ) 2 Please take two_. A. picture of the park B. pictures of the park C. the pictu
28、res of a park D. picture of a park ( ) 3 The workers are repairing_. A. the roof of the house B. a roof of the house C. roof of the house D. this roof of house 15 ( ) 1 Miss Smith is a friend of_. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers ( ) 2 This is a book of _. 5 A. Tom
29、 B. Toms C. her D. him ( ) 3 The post card is sent by _. A. a friend of my father B. a friend of my fathers C. my father friend D. my father friends 16 ( ) 1 Sydney is a city of_. A. America B. Germany C. Australia D. Japan ( ) 2 My father likes buying us _. A. cars B. flowers C. peasants D. present
30、s ( ) 3 In England, the last name is the _. A. full name B. family name C. middle name D. given name ( ) 4 Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new_. A. shop B. school C. factory D. hospital 17 ( ) 1 My father is a_. He works in a hospital. A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. soldier ( ) 2 -Which animal
31、 lives only in China? -The_. A. tiger B. monkey C. panda D. elephant ( ) 3 April come before_and after_. A. March; May B. May; March C. June; May D. March; February ( ) 4 Which of the following is right? A. China has a large population. B. China has much population. C. China has many populations. D.
32、 China has a great deal of population. ( ) 5 Please do like this. Fold the paper_ and cut along the fold. A. into pieces B. in half C. on halves D. to half ( ) 6 You played the violin wonderfully. Will you please play another_? A. one B. game C. programme D. piece 参考答案： 1. 1-7 C C B B B B C 2. 1-4 C B C A 3. 1-7 B C D A D D A 4. 1-4 B A A C 5. 1-3 D A A 6. 1-3 A A D 7. 1-3 A D C 8. 1-3 D B B 9. 1-3 B D B 10. 1-5 B A C D A 11. 1-3 B D A 12. 1-4 D C C B 13. 1-4 B B C C 14. 1-3 B B A 15. 1-3 A B B 16. 1-4 C D B B 17. 1-6 B C B A B D 6
