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1、初二上语法大全1 、宾语从句： 如果一个句子作为动词或介词的宾语，称为宾语从句。 如果一个特殊疑问句作某个动词或介词的宾语，一定要用其陈述的语序。如： they often ask him where he is from. 不能说成： they often ask him where is he from. 某些特殊疑问句作宾语可以简写成“特殊疑问句 +to do” 的形式。例如： i am thinking about what to say 我正在考虑我该说点儿什么。 练习： 一， 选择题； ( )1,thanks a lot for-me about it. a.to tell b.t
2、ell c.telling d.told ( )2.best wishes-your birthday. a. for b.to c.on d.in ( )3.in england, people usually call james jim-. a.shortly b.for short c.easy d.easily ( )4. mother with her three children-going shopping. a.are b.is c.will d.were ( )5. march 8 th is-.a.the womens day b.the womans day c.wom
3、ens day d.women day 二， 改错题： 1.every here like english very much. a b c d ( )2.mr wu is going to want me to give a talk. a b c d ( )3.in england, you never cant put their family name first. a b c d ( )4.i dont know why do people call me jim. a b c d ( )5.id like to buy something for mr wu in teachers
4、day. a b c d 三、 单项选择： 1.best wishes-teachersday. a.to b.for c.of d.with ( )2.thank you for english fun. a.make b.to make c.makes d.making ( )3.in england , people never use the first name their family name. a.before. b.in front of c.with d.after ( )4.the teacher didnt teach us in the last lesson. a.
5、new anything b,new something c.anything new d.something new ( )5.everyone is here. nobody is- a.not away b,away c.not out d.go ( )6.his friends call jim short. a.he, for b.him, for c.him,in d.her,for ( )7.would you like to give us a-? a.talking b.talk c.to talk d.talks ( )e to my office after school
6、, tom. lets a talk about your lessons. ( )9.-hi, tom. how is your father? -oh,- a.he is not tall b. he doesnt feel well c.he is old d.he is a teacher ( )10.david william lewis is called when we meet him for the first time. a.dave b.david c.mr lewis d.mr willian ( )11.rober thomas brow is my very goo
7、d friend, so i usually call him- a.mr brown b.rober browm c.bob d.mr robert ( )12. something about your family, ok? a.say b.tell c.speak d.talk ( )13.you can call me bob, you should never call me mr bob. a.but b.or c.and d./ ( )14.in china, the first name is name.thats different english name. a .fam
8、ily, with b.given, from c.family, from d.given ,with ( )15,im very glad the news. a.hear b.to hear c.listen dlistening ( ) 16.what about to the great wall hotel ? a.go b.to go c.goes d.goin 语法 : 2. 一般将来时 : be going to 结构的用法 : (1) 用 be going to+ 动词原形表示 ” 将要发生的事情或主观上打算 , 计划 , 决定要做的事 . 其后的时间状语通常为表示短期或近
9、期含义的短语或表示固定时间的从句 . 如 :tomorrow morning,/tomorrow afternoon /tomorrow evening, next month /next week /next year /next saturday, this week /year/afternoon/saturday. 或者 when you grow up-? 等等 (2) be going to 结构中 ,be 是助动词 , 要按句中主语的人称和数的变化而变化 . 其后要接动词的原形 . 该句的否定式是在 be 后面加 not, 其疑问式将 be 提到句首 . 如 :she is go
10、ing to help her mother clean the house this sunday./we are going to watch tv tomorrow evening. /are they going to have a sports meeting next month.? /there is going to be an english call tomorrow afternoon. (3), 在英语中 , 表示位置转移的动词 , 如 :come, go, fly, drive, leave, stay, 等 , 可用现在进行时表示按计划或安排即将发生的事 , 不必用
11、 be going to 结构 . 如 :she is flying to nanjing herself. 明天她一个人飞往南京 . are you driving home ? 你开车回家吗 ? 练习： 单项选择题： 1.what are you going to do friday evening ? a.in b.on c.at d.of ( )2.do you have to do every day ? a.much work b.many work c.much works d.many works ( )3.what about meat for supper ? a.to b
12、uy some b.to buy any c.buying some d.buying any ( )4. ann her hair this saturday . a.wash b.washes c. to wash d.is going to wash ( )5.my school is near. i like walking there. a.too b.quite c.quiet d.so ( )6. these new shoes are for . a.you and i b.i and you c.you and me d.me and you ( )7. would you
13、like boating ? a.go b.to go c.going d.to go to ( )8. why not there by bus ? a.to go b.goes c. go d .going ( )9. are you free next saturday ? -. a.sure b.i think so c .nothing much d.why ( )10.i s li ming good singing ? a.at b.in c.on d. for ( )11.i have some books . a.read b.reading c.to read d.to r
14、eading ( )12.a.re you going to stay at school on may day ? no, im not. . a.im going to home b.im home c.im going home d. i go to home ( )13. kate has good friends at school. a.a quite lot of b,quite a lot of c.quite a lot d.a quite of ( )14. its five miles the farm the bus stop . a.from , to b.to, f
15、rom c.from , with d.from ,by ( )15. our teacher likes us english in the morning . a.to read b.reading c.read d.reads ( )16. they are going to play football next friday. a.on b./ c.in d.at ( )17. lets now . a.going to the park b.to play games c.are singing d.have a rest 3 . 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法： (1) 表示两者之间
16、的比较时用比较级，常用于“比较级 +than ”结构。如： this box is heavier than that one . 这个盒子比那个重。 he is much taller than i ,. 他比我高很多。通常可用 much, a little , a lot , still , even 等词修饰比较级。还可以用“数词 + 名词”构成的名词短语表示确定的度量，来修饰比较级。如： i am ten years older than my little brother. 我比我的小弟弟大了十岁。 (2) 表示三者或三者以上的比较时用最高级，常用于“最 -“. 最高级的前面一般要加
17、定冠词 the, 后面可带 of 短语来说明比较的范围。如： the one with nuts is the nicest of all . 里面夹果仁的月饼是所有月饼中最好吃的。 li lei is the best at english in his class. 李雷在他们班英语学得最好。 此外，最高级还可以被序数词所修饰。如： the yellow river is the second longest in china. 黄河是中国第二大长河。 一， 根据句意填入适当的词： 1,they are having tea the open air . 2,thank you very
18、much your help. 3,would you like to come supper? 4,wu xia is the at chinese in her class. 5,this is a book many colour picture 6,our classroom is clean .it is cleaner yours. 7,this bottle is empty .may i have a one ? 8,what is the with your pen ? it is broken. 9, is the third season of a year. 二， 句子
19、改写： ma li lis ruler is longer than kates.( 变为一般疑问句 ) ma li lis ruler_,_kates? 2,jims box is the heaviest of all.( 变为否定句 ) jims box _the heaviest of all. 3,the black bag is the oldest of the four .( 对划线部分提问 ) _ _is the oldest of the four ? 4,li lei is thirteen. zhang hong is twelve.( 连成一句 ) li lei is
20、 one year_ _zhang hong. 5,tom is the tallest boy in the class.( 同义句改写 ) tom is _ than_ _boy in the class. 6,he watches tv every evning.( 用 this evening 替换 every evening) he _ _ _ _tv this evening. 三， 用所给的词的适当形式填空： 1,i have nothing_(do) today. 2,is lucy running_(slow) than lili ? 3,what kind of _(duc
21、k) are you feeding now? 4,his hobby is_(is)an artist. 5,which do you think is_(beauty), the city or the country? 6can you hear something_(sing) in the next room? 7,stop_(play). now lets have our lesson. 8what _(grow)on this farm? 9,now my brother is learning more about _(draw). 10,riding a bike is m
22、uch _(easy). 四， 根据句意填上一个最恰当的词，使句子通顺，语法正确： 1,do you all agree_her? 2, the corn_slowly. 3,i pick more pears than he_. 4,why_come with us ? 5,which _faster , a taxi or a bus ? 6,today she_to stay at home. 7,my little dog is hungry. i must _it. 8,my mother likes _me some stories at weekend. 9,what are y
23、ou going to do after you _school? 10,i think the trees in shenyang is much fewer than_in dalia. 五，句型转换： 1,please walk guickly, or you will miss the train. _ _ _walk guickly,you will miss the train. 2,do you have time this weekend? _ you_this weekend? 3, lets have a rest ? _ _ _a rest? _ _have a rest
24、. 4, which is the way to the station, please ? _ _the station, please? 5,i dont know. i have _ _. 6,the post office is not inside the station. the post office is_the station. 7,jim sits in front of bill. bill sits_jim. 8,today some countries dont use animals to do farm work any more. today some coun
25、tries_ _use animals to do farm work. 9,this pen is cheaper than any other one in the shop. this pen is_ _in the shop. 五， 动词的适当形式填空： 1 listen! who_(sing) in the classroom? 2,may i_(come)in? im sorry im late. it_(not, matter). come in ,please. 3.jim usually_(do) his homework at school,but he_ (do) it
26、at home now . 4,we_(see)uncle wang tomorrow. would you like_ (go) with us ? 5,why not_(go) boating? 6.what about _(go) on a picnic? 4 提建议的表达方法： 、 shall i / we do( 动词原形 )- ？表示“我 / 我们 - 好吗？” 例： shall we go to the zoo? 我们去动物园好吗？ 、 lets do( 动词原形 )- 。表示“让我们做 - 吧” 例： lets make it half past one. 让我们定在一点半吧。
27、 iii 、 why not do( 动词原形 )- 表示“为什么不做 - 呢？” 例： why not give her some flowers? 为什么不送给她一些花呢？ 5 怎样“表示需要”、“询问方向”和“指点方向” i 表示需要： 1.he needs some help . 2.you need a number 16 bus. 3.which number do i need ? ii. 怎样“问路”： 1.e xcuse me. which is the way to the post office? 2.excuse me. can(could) you tell me t
28、he way to the park? 3.excuse me. can(could) you show me the way to the bookshop? 4.excuse me. do you know the way to the bank? 5.excuse me. how can i get to the farm ? 6.excuse me.can(could) you tell me how i can get to the hospital? 7.excuse me,can(could) you tell me where the theatre is? 8.excuse
29、me.where is the nearest hospital, please? iii. 怎样“指点道路”： 1 、 its over there on the right /left. 2 、 its next to /in front of /behind /outside the school. 3 、 walk along /do down this road. 4 、 take the first turning on the left /right.=turn left /right at the first turning. 5、 ts about two hundred m
30、etres along on the left /right . 6、 ts about five kilometers away. a) its about ten minutes walk from here. b) the nearest is about three kilometers away. you need a no.1 bus. c) take a no.3 bus on the right and get off at the sixth stop. 6. 序数词的用法：表示事物的顺序叫序数词。序数词往往与定冠词 the 连用。 ， 1-3 ，没有规律，要逐个记忆。 on
31、e first ; two second ; three third ; (2). 4-12. 有规律，其中 four, six , seven ,ten , eleven 是在基数词的后面加上 th, 而 five fifth , eight eighth , nine ninth , twelve twelfth 是没有规律，要逐个记忆。 (3). 13-20 有规律，是在基数词的后面加上 th 就行。 。第二十至第九十的整十的倍数都是在基数词后将词尾的 -y 改为 i, 再加 -eth 构成的。 ，十位以上的基数词变成序数词时，把个位数变成序数词即可，十位数不变。第一百、第一千、第一百万
32、都是在基数词的后面直接加上 -th 构成。 ，序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。 附： 基数词变为序数词的口诀： 基变序，有规律，词尾加上 th ； 一、二、三，特殊记，词尾字母 t,d,d ; 八减 t , 九减 e, f 来把 ve 替； 单词 ty 作结尾， ty 变成 tie; 若是碰到几十几，只变个位就可以。 练习题： 一听力： 20 分。 略。 二笔试： 80 分。 一。 词汇： a 根据句子的意思及首字母提示，用适当的词填空： 1 w_back to school. 2.october comes after s_. 3.there are many b
33、_flowers in the park. 4.e_is the biggest animal on the land. 5.walk along this road, and take the fourth t_on the right. 6.shall we meet o_the school gate? 7.dont swim in the river. its d_. 8.tigers usually live in the f_and the mountains. 9.its far from here.you had better c_a bus . d) thank you al
34、l the s_. e) do you n_any help , miss black? f) lets make it half past nine .no p_. g) this big box is too h_.i cant carry it . h) jim often goes the w_way . i) i am very t_. shall i have a rest? b. 按要求写出下列各词： 1. busy( 比较级 )_ 2.big( 最高级 )_3.early( 比较级 )_4.nice( 最高级 )_5.beautiful( 比较级 )_ 6.good( 比较级
35、)_7.many( 最高级 )_8.slowly( 比较级 )_9.five( 序数词 )_10.one( 序数词 )_11.two( 序数词 )_12.three( 序数词 )_13.nine( 序数词 )_ 14. twelve( 序数词 )_15 .twenty( 序数词 )_16. swim( 现在分词 )_17. close( 形容词 )_18. friend( 形容词 )_ 19. wish( 复数 )_20. full( 反义词 )_21. before( 反义词 )_22. right( 同音词 )_23. alse( 同义词 )_24. free( 反义词 )_25. str
36、ong( 比较级 )_26.foot( 复数 )_27. run( 名词 )_28. zoo( 复数 )_29. play( 名词 )_30. quick( 副词 )_ c. 根据汉语提示，用单词的适当形式填空： 1 lucy is feeling much _( 更好 )now. 2 this turkey _( 尝起来 )fine. 2. miss li is _( 讲 )children a story. 3. at night ,there are many _( 星星 )in the sky. 4. he jumps_( 最高 )at the sports meeting. 二选择填
37、空： 20 分。略。 三改写句子：根据要求完成下列各句： 1. he is washing his clothes now.( 用 tomorrow 改写 ) he is _ _wash his clothes tomorrow. 2. he is taller than any other student in his class.( 变为同义句 ) he is_ _in his class. 3. you had better go there on foot .( 改为否定句 ) you had _ _go there on foot. 4. they are going to leav
38、e on monday.( 划线部分提问 ) _ _they going to leave? 5. you usually come to school by bike.( 改为否定疑问句 ) _you usually_to school by bike? 四口语运用：从 b 栏中找出能与 a 栏配对的答语： a b ( )1.what are you going to do next sunday? a.some bread. ( )2.shall we go to the zoo? b.some bread ,please. ( )3.when shall we meet? c.sorry
39、 ,im busy . ( )4.what about a quarter past ten ? d.nothing much. ( )5.what can you see on the table / e.at a quarter past ten. ( )6.what would you like ? f. no . lets make it a little earlier. ( )7.are you free tomorrow ? g.i think so. ( )8.could you go there with me tomorrow ? h.good idea. ( )9.wha
40、t does it say ? i.dont feed the animals. ( )10. would you like to go to the cinema? j. yes, id love to. 五动词填空：用所给的动词的适当形式填空： 1._jim usually_(walk) to school ? 2.everyone _( be) here. let the teacher _(start) his lesson. 3.i have much homework_(do) and i must finish_(do)it first . 5. she usually _(pl
41、ay) football on sundays,but now she _(swim). 6. what _he_(do) tomorrow ? 六补全对话： a ; excuse me,_ _a fruit shop near here ? b; a; thank you _the_. b:excuse me , _the nearest fruit shop ,please? c;sorry ,there isnt. a:then _ _is the nearest one from here? c: its_seven kilometers_. you had better catch
42、a bus. a: which bus shall i take ,please ? c: the no.105 bus. it will take you_there . a; where is the bus stop ,please ? c: go along this road , and then take the first turning on the right. you can see_in front of you . a; thank you very much. c: not at all. 七看图完成对话： kate: excuse me! _can i _ _the nearest market ,please? jill:_ _this street, and _the third_on the _. then take the second turning on the _. its about _ _ _along on the right. i am_i_know. i am new here. you had better_that policeman_there. kate: oh, i see. thanks a
