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1、小学英语全部知识点复习精华英语复习小结 一、 名词：有可数名词和不可数名词。 1、可数名词有单数、复数之分， 名词复数形式的构成规则： (1) 一般在名词词尾加“s 如：teacherteachers egg-eggs (2) 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加es 如class-classes box- boxes bus -buses watch-watches (3) 以辅音字母+y 的名词变y为i再加es 如：story-stories library-libraries, dictionary-dictionaries hobby-hobbies (4) 以f, fe 结尾的名词
2、，变f, fe为v加es 如：life -lives leaf -leaves half-halves knife-knives wolf-wolves wife-wives (5) 以o结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加es hero-heroes mango- mangoes potato- potatoes tomato- tomatoes 其余加s zoo-zoos kilo-kilos radioradios photo- photos piano- pianos (6)不规则名词单复数形式 如： child children woman - women man -men foot-
3、feet tooth-teeth 有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如 Japanese，Chinese，sheep, 如： I have one sheep. He has two sheep. 2、不可数名词没有复数形式 不可数名词有：(1)milk, water, juice, tea, ice; (2) food, rice, meat, fish, chicken, bread, cheese (3) paper, newspaper , hair, time, money, homework, housework 不可数名词的数量常表示如下 two bottles of milk a
4、cup of juice half a kilo of cheese a bag of rice three kilos of meat some water 二、人称代词 人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语，宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。 主I we you he she it they 格 宾me us you him her it them 格 我 我你,他 她 它 他们 们 你们 We are going to have a picnic. Let us go. I miss everyone in China. Who can help me? What is he doing?
5、 He is trying to get on the bus. Look at him. She cant hear. This dog helps her. Tell me more about the Great Wall. 三物主代词 物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词后需跟名词，名词性物主代词后不用跟。 名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词 的含义 1 形my our your his her its their 容词性物主代词 名mine ours yours his hers its theirs 词性物主代词 我的 我你他她它他们们的，的 的
6、 的 的 的 你们的 This is my book. = This book is mine. This is his bag. = This bag is his. Your watch is old, but hers is new. Thanksgiving is my favourite festival. We say Thank you for our food, family and friends. 四、 疑问词 who 谁 what 什么 when 什么时候 what time 几点 where 哪里 why 为什么 how 怎样 how much 多少 how many
7、多少 how old 多大 whose 谁的 what colour 什么颜色 how long 多长 1. 对人物提问用 who Who gave it to you? Simons family gave it to me. Who can help me? I can help you. 2. 对事物或做某事提问用 what What do you want? I want a hot dog. What are you doing? I am reading a book. What are you going to study? Im going to study English.
8、What are you going to do? Were going to walk around the lake. Whats it about? Its about animals. 3. 对时间提问用 when When are you going to eat? Were going to eat at half past twelve. When was he born? He was born in 1809. 4. 对点钟提问用 what time What time is it? Its twelve. What time do you get up? I get up
9、at six oclock. 5. 对地点提问用 where Where was he born? He was born in France. Where are you? I am on the train. Wheres your mum? Shes at the supermarket. 6. 对原因提问用 why Why are you wearing a raincoat? Because its going to rain. 7. 对身体状况或方式提问用 how How are you? Im fine. 2 How are you going to go to school?
10、Im going to go to school by bus. 8. 对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用 how much How much is it? Its thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents. How much milk do you want? I want two bottles of milk. 9. 对可数名词的数量提问用 how many How many books are there on the desk? There are three books on the desk. 10. 对年龄提问用 how old How old
11、are you? Im twelve. 11. 对“某人的”提问用 whose Whose cap is this? Its Amys cap. Whose pen is that? Its his pen. 12. 对颜色提问用 what colour What colour is it? Its black. 13. 对星期提问用 what day What day is it today? Its Monday. 14. How long is it? Its about six thousand seven hundred kilometers. 特殊疑问句语序： 疑问词 + 一般疑问
12、句语序？ 例：How do you go to school? 疑问词+ 谓语动词+? 例：Who gave it to you? 五时态 1. 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间连用。如yesterday, last week, last month, last year, two months ago等。 构成：(1)肯定句：主语+动词过去式+ He made a video. 否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+ He didnt make a video. 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+ .? Did he make a video? (
13、2) be动词用was, were . 否定句在was, were后加not. 一般疑问句把was, were提前到句首。 She was born in America. She was not born in America. Was she born in America? 2. 现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作 构成：主语+am /is / are+ 现在分词+ The birds are singing in the trees. 否定句在am /is / are后加not. The birds are not singing in the trees. 一般疑问句把am /is
14、/ are提前到句首。 Are the birds singing in the trees? 3.一般将来时 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示将来的时间连用。如tomorrow (明天), next week, next year等。 构成：(1) 主语+ will + 动词原形+ He will pick up the apples. 否定句在will后加not. He will not pick up the apples. 一般疑问句把will提前到句首。 Will he pick up the apples? (2) 主语+ be going to + 动词原形+
15、 We are going to study French. 否定句在am /is / are后加not. We are not going to study French. 一般疑问句把am /is / are提前到句3 首。 Are you going to study French? 4. 一般现在时 表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 构成：主语+am /is / are+ 否定句在am /is / are后加not. 一般疑问句把am /is / are提前到句首。 Helen Keller is a model for blind people and for you and
16、me. (2) 肯定句：主语+动词原形+ The ducks like it. 否定句：主语+dont +动词原形+ The ducks dont like it. 一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+ .? Do the ducks like it? (3) 肯定句：主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数形式+ He likes noodles. 否定句：主语+doesnt +动词原形+ He doesnt like noodles. 一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+ .? Does he like noodles 六动词过去式形式 规则动词的过去式构成 1.一般在动词词尾加ed 如： wo
17、rk - worked play-played watch- watched 2. 以e 结尾动词在词尾加d 如： live - lived 3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加ed 如： study -studied copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried 4. 有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed， 如：stop -stopped drop- dropped 5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 动词原形 动词过去式 动词原形 动词过去式 go went come came become became bring brought s
18、ay said put put teach taught can could read read give gave am/is was are were do did fly flew have had make made run ran see saw ride rode win won get got tell told eat ate send sent take took buy bought sit sat meet met write wrote draw drew swim swam fly flew rink drank give gave ring rang fall fe
19、ll 七动词ing形式也是现在分词形式 现在分词的构成规则 1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing” sleep-sleeping look-looking wear-wearing send-sending eat-eating sing-singing go-going jump-jumping 4 play-playing 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词要去掉e再加上“ing” We cant go now. I cant write Chinese. I cant carry everything. His friends cant write-writing come-coming hear
20、him. ride-riding have-having shine-shining She couldnt see and she couldnt hear. make-making 一般疑问句把can, could提前到句首。 take-taking Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I cant. close- closing 3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing” get-getting put-putting sit-sitting run-running swim-swimming skip-skipping shop-shopping 八动词第三
21、人称单数形式 动词第三人称单数的构成规则 1大多数动词在词尾加“S”. stopstops makemakes readreads playplays say seisays sez 2以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es” flyflies carrycarries studystudies worryworries 3以“s, x, sh，ch, o”结尾，在词尾加“es”. teachteaches watchwatches go goes do- does 九、情态动词 can 过去式could 后加动词原形 I can write English. I c
22、an carry this bag. I can help you. We can always be friends. Later she could read and write. 否定句在can, could 后加not can not = cant could not = couldnt Can you speak English? Can I write to your friends? Can you be my Chinese pen friend? Yes, of course. 十反义词 big- small long- short new- old tall- short
23、young- old heavy- light easy- hard/ difficult up- down early-late fat- thin white- black cry- laugh different - same inside-outside hot-cold happy-sad good-bad clean-dirty bring-take this-that these-those always-never woman-man 十一、同音词 for- four son- sun hour- our too- two right- write eye - I arent-
24、 aunt sent-cent where- wear their- there by- buy see-sea 十二.、近义词 5 good- well study - learn 十三、缩写形式与完全形式 饮料： milk牛奶 tea茶 orange juice橙汁 coffee咖啡 I am = Im he is = hes she is = shes cola可乐 water水 juice果汁 it is = its 颜色： that is = thats what is = whats red 红色的 green绿色的 yellow黄色的 blacklet us = lets we
25、are = were they are = theyre you are= youre can not= cant could not = couldnt should not = shouldnt will not = wont Ill = I will well = we will do not = dont does not = doesnt did not = didnt it has got = its got I have got = Ive got have not = havent has not = hasnt are not = arent is not = isnt 十四
26、、小学英语分类单词和词组 天气： rain下雨 snow下雪 rainy有雨的 snowy有雪的 hot炎热的 cold 寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 windy有风的 sunny晴朗的 食物： hamburger汉堡 hot dog热狗 sandwich三明治 chip 薯条 chicken鸡肉 fish鱼肉 meat肉 noodles面条 rice大米 soup汤 cake蛋糕 bread面包 cheese奶酪 vegetable蔬菜 fruit水果 sausage香肠 biscuit饼干 sweets糖果 ice cream冰激凌 peanut花生 黑色的 white白色的 o
27、range橙色的 blue蓝色 的 purple紫色的 pink粉红色的 星期： Monday 星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期 三 Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday 星期日 月份： January一月 February二月 March三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月 August八月 September九月 October十月 November十一月 December十二月 季节： spring春天 summer夏天 autumn秋天 winter冬天 数字： one一 two 二 three三
28、four四 five五 six六 seven七 eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三 fourteen十四 fifteen十五 sixteen十六 seventeen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 one hundred一百 one thousand 一千 one million 一百万 6 衣服： T-shirt T恤衫 dress裙子 sweater毛衣 trousers裤子 s
29、kirt短裙 sock袜子 shoe鞋 coat 外套，上衣 动物： Bridge伦敦桥 the British Museum 大英博物馆 the London Eye 伦敦眼 the Great Wall长城 the Summer Palace颐和园 the Changjiang River长江 the West Lake西湖 cat猫 dog狗 monkey猴 panda熊猫 the Huangshan Mountain黄山 elephant大象 tiger老虎 lion狮子 pig猪 chameleon变色龙 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 bear熊 kangaroo袋鼠 frog青蛙
30、parrot鹦鹉 bird鸟 owl猫头鹰 camel骆驼 家庭成员： grandmother奶奶 grandfather爷爷 grandparents 祖父母 mother妈妈 father爸爸 parents 父母亲 brother 兄弟 sister姐妹 uncle叔，伯，舅 aunt 阿姨 cousin表兄弟 学科： Chinese语文 English 英语 Math数学 PE体育 Art艺术 Science科学 Physics物理 Chemistry化学 History历史 Geography地理 节日： Flag Day国旗日 Thanksgiving Day感恩节 Hallowe
31、en万圣节 Easter Festival复活节 Christmas圣诞节 Spring Festival春节 Lantern Festival元宵节 Dragon Boat Festival端午节 Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 名胜景点： Big Ben大本钟 the River Thames泰晤士河 Hyde Park海德公园 Tower Bridge塔桥 the London The Ming Tombs明十三陵 Mount Qomolangma珠穆朗玛峰 球类： play football踢足球 play basketball打篮球 play baseball打棒球 p
32、lay table tennis打乒乓球 play volleyball打排球 棋类： play chess下象棋 乐器： play the guitar弹吉他 play the drums敲鼓 play the zither弹吉他 play the piano弹钢琴 play the flute 吹笛子 play the trumpet吹小号 体育运动： have a Sports Day举行运动会 do morning exercises做早操 do Taijiquan打太极拳 do the high jump跳远 do the long jump跳高 run the 100 meters
33、跑一百米 run fast跑得快 jump high跳高 jump long跳远 swim游泳 go swimming去游泳 skip跳绳 control the ball 控制球 catch the ball 接球 row a boat划船 生日： Happy Birthday! 生日快乐 make a birthday card制作生日卡片 have a birthday party举办生日派对 have a great birthday过愉快的生日 交通工具： by bus乘公共汽车 by car乘小汽车 by bike骑自行车 by plane乘飞机 by ship乘轮船 by tra
34、in坐7 火车 on foot步行 词组： fly kites或者fly a kite放风筝 go to see films去看电影 watch TV看电视 play computer games玩电脑游戏 good at擅长 bring back归还 out of 往外 of course当然可以 in English用英语 all over the world=all around the world全世界 stand up起立 sit down坐下 have a picnic吃野餐 go to school去上学 at the weekend在周末 go home回家 go to the
35、 park去公园 go to middle school去上中学 go to bed去睡觉 go there 去那里 go shopping去购物 go to the doctor去看病say goodnight道晚安 fly away飘走 make a video制作录像 make mistakes犯错误 write a letter写信 write a book写书 take pictures=take photos照相 listen to music听音乐 read a book读书 read stories读故事 do homework做作业 make a cake做蛋糕 make d
36、umplings做饺子 wash clothes洗衣服 make an e-card制作电子卡片 ride a horse 骑马 climb mountains爬山 climb trees爬树 have a lovely time玩的开心 ask questions问问题 make a list 列清单 shopping list购物单 collect stamps收集邮票 sing songs唱歌 turn left向左转 clean the classroom打扫教室 eat fast food吃快餐 turn right向右转 go straight on直走 have a cold感冒
37、 have a headache头疼 have breakfast 吃早餐 have lunch吃午餐 have supper吃晚餐 = have dinner have a baseball team组建棒球队 come on加油 come in进来 come from 来自= be from come back回来 click on点击 go up the hill上山 go down the hill下山 play with dolls玩洋娃娃 find out查找 be notat all一点也不 get up起床 get on上车 get off下车 in a hurry匆忙 nex
38、t to挨着 turn on the light打开灯 point to指向 talk about谈论 talk to sb和某人谈话 give out分发 write to sb给某人写信 say hello to sb向某人打招呼 缩写： the PRC=the Peoples Republic of China中华人民共和国 the USA=the United States of America 美国 the UN=the United Nations 联合国 the UK=the United Kingdom 英国 现在进行时和动词的现在分词 现在进行时 动词的现在进行时由be的现在
39、时形式“am/is/are+现在分词”构成，主要用于以下几方面。 用来表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。例如： What are you doing? We are playing basketball. 你们在干什么？我们在打篮球。 有时用来表示现阶段正在进行，而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。例如： Are they working hard this term? 8 这学期他们在努力学习吗？ We are picking apples on a farm these days. 这些天我们正在农场摘苹果。 表示即将发生的动作。Come, go, leave, start, arrive等动词常与
40、将来时间的状语连用表示这种意义。例如：They are going to Shanghai this Friday.他们这个星期要去上海。 Tom is coming here next week.汤姆下周要来这儿。 说明: 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如： see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态 现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式及特殊疑问句 1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分 I am singing . They are writing . 2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分 I am not singing . They arent writing . 3）一般疑问句及回答：
