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1、汽车维修及保养的常用词汇汽车维修及保养的常用词汇 据360教育集团介绍：汽车维护Vehicle maintenance 汽车修理Vehicle repair 汽车维修制度System of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维修性Maintainability of vehicle 汽车技术状况Technical Condition of Vehicle 汽车完好技术状况Good condition of vehicle 汽车不良状况Bad condition of vehicle 汽车工作能力Working ability of vehicle 汽车技术状况参
2、数Parameters for technical condition of vehicle 汽车极限技术状况Limiting condition of vehicle 汽车技术状况变化规律Regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle 运行缺陷Operational defect 制造缺陷Manufacturing defect 设计缺陷Design defect 事故性缺陷Accidental defect 汽车耗损Vehicle wear-out 汽车零件磨损Wear of vehicle part 磨损过程Wear pro
3、cess 正常磨损Normal wear 极限磨损Limiting wear 允许磨损Permissible wear 磨损率Wear rate 机械磨损Mechanical wear 化学损耗Chemical wear 热磨损Thermic wear 疲劳磨损Fatigue wear 腐蚀性磨损Corrosion wear 故障磨损Failure wear 故障Malfunctioning 断裂Breakdown 损坏Damage 更换Replacing 擦伤Scratching 刮伤Scoring 点蚀Pitting 粘附Adhesion 咬粘Seizure 烧伤Burning 穴蚀Cav
4、itation 老化Aging 疲劳 Fatigue 变形Deformation 缺陷Defect 汽车故障Vehicle failure 完全故障Complete failure 局部故障Partial failure 致命故障Critical failure 严重故障Major failure 一般故障Minor failure 汽车故障现象Symptom of vehicle failure 抢气Mixture robbery 呛油Fuel fouling 盘车Turning 飞车Run way 工作粗暴Rough running 早燃Preignition 回火Back fire 自燃
5、现象Dieseling (after run) 爆震Detonation 火花爆燃Spark knock 燃料爆燃Fuel knock (gas knock) 不发火Misfiring 调速不匀Hunting 过度停顿Flat spot 调速器工作不匀Governor hunting 回流Backflow 窜气Blow-by 稀释Dilution 滤清器阻塞Clogged filter 润滑超量Overlubrication 上油Oil pumping 渗漏滴油After dripping 气阻Vapor lock 结胶Gum deposit 敲缸Knock 拉缸Cylinder score
6、咬缸Cylinder sticking 轴颈擦伤Journal score 刮伤Scuff 拉瓦Bearing score 汽湿现象Percolation 化油器结冰Carburetor icing 活塞敲缸Piston knock (piston slap) 活塞裙部挤扁Collapse of piston skirt 气门挺杆发响Tappet noise (valve knock) 气门弹簧颤动Valve spring surge 硫化Sulphation 过度放电Over discharge 铅沉积Lead fouling 积碳Carbon fouling 真空提前失效Defective
7、 vacuum advance 高压线跳火错乱Secondary wire crossfiring 转向反冲Steering kickback 离合器炸裂Clutch explosion 制动踏板发软Spongy brake pedal 制动踏板费力Hard pedal 制动器发响Noisy brake 制动踏板过低Low brake pedal 制动盘摆动Disc runout 制动失效Brake fade 减振器失效Defective shock absorber 轮胎烧耗Burn rubber 轮胎急速磨耗Peel rubber 漂滑效应Hydro-planning (aqua-plan
8、ning) 紧急滑行Impending skid 充气不足Under-inflation 异响Abnormal knocking 泄漏Leakage 过热Overheat 失控Out of control 乏力Lack of power 污染超限Illegal exhaust and noise 费油Excessive consumption of fuel and oil 振抖Fluttering 故障率Failure rate 平均故障率的观察值Observed mean failure rate 故障树型分析法Fault tree analysis 汽车维护类别Class of vehi
9、cle maintenance 定期维护Periodic maintenance 季节性维护Seasonal maintenance 技术保养Technical service 清洗Washing 技术检查Check-up 保养周期Service cycle 保养里程Mileage between services 每日保养Daily service 防护Preserving 冬季保养Winter check-up 夏季保养Summer check-up 走合维护Running-in maintenance 汽车修理类别Class of vehicle repair 汽车大修Major rep
10、air of vehicle 汽车中修Medium repair of vehicle 汽车小修Current repair of vehicle 总成修理Unit repair 零件修理Parts repair 计划修理Scheduled repair 定期修理Regulating repair 视情修理Repair on technical condition 非计划修理Unscheduled repair 修复Reconditioning 修理里程Mileage between repair 拆开Separating 拆下Withdrawing 拆卸Disassembling 校正Ali
11、gning 装配Fitting 重新装配Reassembling 调整Adjusting 单独修理Individual repair 汽车报废Motor vehicle liquidation 报废Scrapping 汽车维护工艺Technology of Vehicle Maintenance 汽车维护作业Operation of vehicle maintenance 汽车维护工艺过程Technological process of vehicle maintenance 汽车修理工艺Technology of vehicle repair 汽车修理工艺过程Technological pr
12、ocess of vehicle repair 技术检验Technical checking 检视Inspection 零件检验分类Inspection and classification of parts 走合，磨合Running-in 冷磨合Cold running-in 热磨合Hot running-in 修理尺寸Repair size 走合期Running-in period 走合过程Running-in process 走合工况Running-in conditions 加速磨损期Period of accelerated wear 极限间隙Limiting clearance 允
13、许间隙Permissible clearance 装配间隙Assembling clearance 汽车维修工艺设备Technological equipment of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车修理技术标准Technical standard of vehicle repair 汽车诊断 Vehicle diagnosis 汽车检测Detecting test of vehicle 诊断参数Diagnostic parameters 诊断规范Diagnostic norms 汽车维修管理Administration of Vehicle Mainten
14、ance 汽车维护方法Method of vehicle maintenance 汽车维护流水作业法Flow method of vehicle maintenance 汽车维护定位作业法Method of vehicle maintenance on universal post 汽车修理方法Method of vehicle repair 汽车修理流水作业法Flow method of vehicle repair 汽车修理定位作业法Method of vehicle repair on universal post 总成互换修理法Unit exchange repairing metho
15、d 周转总成Reversible unit 混装修理法Depersonalized repair method 就车修理法Personalized repair method 汽车维修指标Indices of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维护生产纲领Production program of vehicle maintenance 汽车修理生产纲要Production program of vehicle repair 汽车维修周期Period of vehicle maintenance 汽车诊断周期Period of vehicle diagnosis
16、 汽车维修竣工辆次Number of vehicle being received from maintenance or repair 汽车大修平均在厂车日Average days in plant during major of vehicles 汽车大修平均在修车日Average days during major repair of vehicles 汽车大修平均工时Average man-hours of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维修平均费用Average costs of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车大
17、修返修率Returning rate of major repair of vehicle 汽车小修频率Frequency of current repair of vehicles 汽车大修间隔里程Average interval mileage of major repair of vehicles 汽车修理工人实物劳动生产率Labour productivity of repair-man 汽车维护企业Enterprise of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维护场Maintenance depot (station) of vehicles 汽车停车
18、场Park 汽车修理厂Vehicle repair plant 汽车总成修理厂Unit repair plant for vehicle 汽车诊断站Vehicle diagnosis station 汽车检测站Detecting test station of vehicle 汽车维修网点Network of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维修工具和设备Instrument and Device for Vehicle Maintenance and Repair 螺丝刀Screwdriver 花扳手Ring spanner 锉刀File 双头扳手Doubl
19、e-ended spanner 鲤鱼钳Combination pilers 轮胎螺栓扳手Wheel wrench 厚度规Feeler gauge 杆式气缸量规Bar-type cylinder gauge 气缸压力表Cylinder compressor gauge 活塞台钳Piston vice 活塞加热器Piston heater 活塞环工具Piston ring tool 活塞环钳Piston ring pliers (piston ring tongs) 压环器Piston ring compressor 活塞环锉Piston ring file 活塞销拉器Piston-pin ext
20、ractor 连杆校正器Connecting rod alignment fixture 气门座刀具Valve seat cutter 气门弹簧压缩器Valve spring compressor 气门研磨工具Valve grinding tool (valve lapper) 调整气门间隙扳手Tappet wrench 浮子室液面仪Float level gauge 歧管压力表Manifold pressure gauge set 点火正时灯Ignition timing light (stroboscope) 燃烧分析仪Combustion tester 断电器触点闭合角Dwell met
21、er 火花塞间隙量规Plug gap gauge 火花塞套筒扳手Spark plug box (socket) spanner 蓄电池液体比重计Battery hydrometer 汽车架Car stand (jack stand) 轮轴架Axle stand 前束量尺Toe-in gauge 外倾测量器Camber gauge 制动踏板压下器Brake depressor 制动器放气软管Hose for brake bleeding 车架量规Frame gauge 轮毂拆卸器Hub puller 车轮拆卸器Wheel wrench 拆装轮胎用撬杠Tire-lever 打气筒Tire pump
22、 螺旋千斤顶Screw jack 轮胎压力计Pressure gauge 油壶Oil can 手油泵Manual fuel pump 黄油枪Grease gun 起动摇把Starting crank 工具袋Tool bag 车身修整工具Body bumping tool 发动机测功机Engine dynamometer 发动机综合试验机Engine analyzer 发动机示波器Engine scope (oscillograph) 电子诊断式发动机试验仪Electronic-diagnostic engine tester 滚筒式测功试验台Roller type dynamometer (t
23、est bed) 发动机加速测功仪Free acceleration engine tester 容积式油耗计Volumetric fuel meter 红外线废气分析仪Infrared rays exhaust gas analyzer 异响诊断仪Abnormal engine noise diagnosis equipment 气缸漏气率检验仪Cylinder leak tester 发动机分析仪Engine analysis apparatus 进气歧管真空度表Intake manifold vacuum meter 气缸压力表Cylinder pressure gauge 调整用的试验
24、检测仪Tune-up tester 底盘测功机Chassis dynamometer 底盘润滑机Chassis lubricator 曲轴箱窜气量测定仪Blow-by meter 反作用力制动试验台Reaction type brake tester 惯性式制动试验台Inertia type brake tester 转向盘间隙测量仪Steering wheel freeplay gauge 测滑试验台Side-slip checking stand 前照灯检验仪Head light checking equipment 气缸孔垂直检验仪Cylinder perpendicularity ga
25、uge 主轴承座孔同轴度检验仪Main bearing aligning gauge 移动式车轮平衡机Portable wheel balancer 固定式车轮平衡机Wheel balancer 车轮动平衡机Dynamic wheel balancer 镗缸机Cylinder boring machine 气缸珩磨机Cylinder honing machine 直线镗削机Line borer 气门修整机Valve reseater 销孔珩磨机Pinhole honer 曲轴磨床Crankshaft grinding machine 气门研磨机Valve grinding machine 气门
26、面磨光机Valve refacer 气门座磨光机Valve seat grinder 气门座偏心磨光机Eccentric valve seat grinder 研磨机Lapping machine 电子点火试验器Electronic ignition tester 点火线圈试验器Ignition coil tester 氖管火花试验器Neon spark tester 电容器试验器Condenser tester 电枢试验器Armature tester 制动盘专用车床Disc lathe 制动蹄片磨削装置Brake shoe grinder 制动鼓车床Brake drum lathe 制动液自动更换装置Brake flusher 制动系空气排除器Brake bleeder
