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1、牛津英语上海6A基础知识解析1Unit1 1.Words & expressions family tree家谱 grandson (n.)孙子 cousin (n.)堂兄弟，堂姐妹 niece (n.)侄女，外甥女 able (adj.)能的；ability (n.)能力； enable (v.)使.能够 cook the dishes做菜 relative (n.)亲戚 granddaughter (n.)孙女 nephew (n.)外甥 else (adv.)另外，其他 tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb
2、. 给某人看某物 play games做游戏 go shopping去购物 wash the dishes洗碟子 do a puzzle猜字谜 2.Language structure (1)询问信息 v Who is this?/Who are these?这是谁？/这些是谁？ v How old is.? .几岁？ v A：How many.have you got?你有多少.? B：I have got . / I have only got one.我有./我只有一个. A：What do you usually do with your.?你通常和你的.做.? B：I always/
3、usually/sometimes/never do sth. with my.我总是/通常/有时候/从不和我的.做. (2)介绍 This is./These are.这是./这些是. (3)表示祝愿 Happy birthday!生日快乐！ (4)always, usually, often, sometimes, never等被称为频度副词，通常情况下常用于一般现在时态的句子中，表示经常发生的习惯性动作或自然现象或事实。always表示动作的重复频率最高，usually其次，sometimes再次，never表示动作从未发生。 I often tell him about school.
4、我经常告诉他关于学校的事。 I never show them my homework.我从未给他们看我的家庭作业。 (5)形容词比较级的用法： Your brother looks shorter than you.你的兄弟看上去比你矮。 Your uncle looks older than mine.你的叔叔看上去比我的叔叔年纪大。 (6)look+ adj. “看起来.” Jim looks happy today. Unit2 1.Words & expressions friend (n.)朋友; friendly (adj.)友好的 helpful (adj.)乐于助人的； lo
5、ve (n.)爱；lovely (adj.)可爱的 angry (adj.)生气的；anger (n.)生气 helpless (adj.)无助的 help (v./n.)帮助 help each other相互帮助 help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 tell a lie撒谎 look after sb. = take care of sb.照顾某人 look after sb. well = take good care of sb.好好照顾某人 angrily (adv.)生气地 be together一起 be k
6、ind to sb.对某人和善 share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物 在具体的某一天用介词on on Saturday在周六 on a winter night在冬天的一个晚上 on May 9在五月九日 pick up拾起，捡起 put sth. into sp.把某物放在某地 find (v.)找到 find out找到 fook for寻找 promise to do sth.承诺做某事 make friends with sb.与某人交朋友 keep ones promise遵守某人的诺言 the friend of the earth地球的朋友 2.Language
7、structure (1)询问信息 l A：What do you like to do with your friend?你和朋友喜欢做什么？ B：We like to . together.我们喜欢一起做. l What do you like about him/her?你认为他/她怎样？ l How can we look after the environment?我们怎样来照顾环境？ (2)描述 n We like to be together.我们喜欢在一起。 n She is always hardworking and she always keeps her promise
8、.她总是努力工作并遵守她的诺言。 (3)表示承诺 We promise to do.我们承诺做. (4)一般现在时态第三人称单数作主语的陈述句： Jim is a hardworking student.吉姆是一位努力学习的学生。 She is never angry. He never tells a lie. (5)already, just和yet的用法： u 时间副词：already，just，yet already和just用于肯定句，置于句中、句尾皆可，yet用于否定句和疑问句中，通常放在句尾。常用在现在完成时态中，现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，其基本形式：have
9、/has + 过去分词。例如， Have you been to the Ocean park yet, Winnie?温妮，你曾经去过海洋公园吗？ No, I havent been there yet.不，我还没去过那里。 Yes, Ive already been there.是的，我已经去过那里。 Yes, Ive just been to the Ocean Park.是的，我刚刚去过海洋公园。 u have been to.和have been there的区别 have been to后跟表示地点的名词，而have been there中there是表示地点的副词，后面不能再跟地
10、点。例如， I have already been to Shanghai Museum.我已经去过上海博物馆。 Orient Pearl TV Tower is one of the tallest towers in the world.I have already been there.东方明珠电视塔是世界上最高的塔之一。我已经去过那里。 Unit3 1.Words & expressions around (prep.)围绕，绕着 round (prep./adj)围绕，绕着/圆的 例如，They are sitting around the teacher. 他们坐在老师周围。 Th
11、e green ball is almost round.这个绿球几乎是圆的。 on(island)在 on Lucky Island在幸运岛上 Botanical Gardens植物园 department store百货大楼 be far away from远离 (opp.)be near.在附近 at weekends = at the weekend在周末 go shopping去购物 bring sb. Sth. = bring sth. to sb.把某物带给某人 a photograph of my family and me一张我和我家人的照片 a shopping mall大
12、型购物商场 collect (v.)收集 collection (n.)收藏，收藏品 lie (v.)躺 (pt.) lay，(pp.) lain， (pres p) lying visit (v.)参观 visitor (n.)参观者 2.Language structure (1) get there到达那里 注意：home, here, there等地点副词前不加to，例如， arrive home到家，arrive at school到学校，come here到这里，come to my office到我办公室 (2) have a good time = enjoy oneself
13、= enjoy ones time玩得愉快 (3) forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事，例如， Dont forget to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.当你离开教室的时候不要忘记把灯关上。 I forget meeting you a year ago.我忘记了一年前曾经遇见过你。 (4)征求对方意见 What/How about (doing) sth.? 怎么样？ (5)Where have you been in?你去过.的哪些地方？例如， Where
14、 have you been in Garden City?你去过花园城市的哪些地方？ Unit4 1.Words & expressions businesswoman (n.)妇女实业家 其复数为：businesswomen businessman (n.)商人 其复数为：businessmen cook (v./n.)烹调/厨师 cooker (n.)蒸煮器，炊具 fish (n.) (1) 鱼肉UN (2) 鱼CN其复数为：fishes 例如，Help yourself to some fish. Workers drive fish to the supermarket every
15、morning.工人每天早上把鱼送到cooking (n.)烹调术 teach (v.)教； teacher (n.)教师 drive (v.)驾驶； driver (n.)司机 policeman (n.)警察 (pl. policemen) secretary (n.)秘书 (pl. secretaries) a bank clerk一位银行职员 put out fires扑火 too much + n.u太多的 例如，too much time much too + adj.太 例如，much too cold太冷了 2.Language structure (1)would (not)
16、 like to be/do表达愿望，表示想做某事。 finally (adv.)最后 hear听 final (adj.)最后的 I listened to the teacher carefully, but I the final exam期末考试 couldnt hear anything. arrive (vi.)到达 Open Day家长开放日 arrive at(小地方) = get to = reach invite (v.)邀请 arrive at school到达学校 invite sb. To sp.邀请某人到某地 arrive in(大地方) = get to = re
17、ach invitation (n.)请柬；邀请 arrive in Shanghai到达上海 staff room教工休息室 注意：arrive home/get home到家 covered playground室内体育场 arrival (n.)到达 route (n.)路线，路径，航线，路，线路 the art and craft room美术及劳技教室 music room音乐教室 2.Language structure (1) 用将来时谈论将来的事情 will + 动词原形，一般将来时表示将要发生的动作。例如， The school choir will sing at two
18、fifty. (2) 用副词表达事情的进展顺序。例如， First;Next.;Then.;After that.;Finally. (3) 学习用介词表示时间。例如， 2:40-twenty to three/two forty 2:20-twenty past two/two twenty (4) 表示顺序的数词称为序数词；在哪一栋楼和房间的门牌号用基数词，在哪一层楼用序数词，例如， room1002，on the second floor 注意： 一般在基数词后面加th构成序数词，但有些词有特殊变化，例如， onefirst, twosecond, threethird, fivefif
19、th, eighteighth, nineninth, twelvetwelfth 20至90这样的整十数字变为序数词时，只需把词尾的字母y改为ie, 再加th即可，例如，twentytwentieth；在表达第几十几，第几百几时，只需将个位改为序数词即可，例如，twenty-twotwenty-second 序数词总是和定冠词the连用。例如， the first lesson (5)Kitty and her classmates took some photos for the English Club on the Open Day. Kitty和她的同学在家长开放日为英语俱乐部拍了一
20、些照片。 这一句是一般过去时，句中took是take的过去式，表示过去发生的事情。本单元要牢记的动词过去式还有：listenlistened， visitvisited， arrivearrived， havehad， looklooked 典型练习题： I.Choose the best answer 1.Mum spends one hour _ food every day. A.to cook B.cook C.cooking D.cooked 解析：本题考察动词spend的用法，其结构是“spend + 时间或金钱 + doing sth.因此应选择C项。 2.There is _
21、information board in our school.We can get some information about our school from it. A.an B.one C.the D./ 解析：information是个不可数名词，但是中心名词是后面的可数名词board，因此选择A项。 3.Canada is _ the United States, but China is _ it. A.far away from, near B.near, far away from C.near, away from D.away from, near 解析：本题考察be f
22、ar away from sp.及其反义词be near sp.的用法，并且根据地理知识可判断出选择B项。 4.-What are the foreigners doing now, Grace? -Theyre listening to our school _ in the hall. A.choir B.project C.club D.information board 解析：考察短语school choir，因此选择A项。 5.Alice _ near school, so she _ to school every day. A.lives, walk B.live, walks
23、C.lives, walks D.is living, walk 解析：本题考察时态和人称，根据every day可判断用一般现在时，再根据人称可确定选择C项。 II.Rewrite the sentences as required 1.Give some berries to your sister, please. _ give _ berries to your sister,please. 解析：考察祈使句的否定结构。 2.I am going to stay in Guangzhou for a month. _ _ are you going to stay in Beijing
24、? 解析：对一段时间提问使用how long 3.We cook with gas and electricity in the cities. _ do you _ with in the cities? 解析：对物质提问使用what 4.They had a meeting last week. _ they _ a meeting last week? 解析：本题要借用助动词do的过去式，要特别注意时态。 5.Yesterday he spent ten yuan on this book. _ _ _ he _ on this book yesterday? 解析：对价格提问使用how much，并且要注意事态的一致。
