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1、经济类英文词汇关于经济的英语单词 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 primary sector 初级成分 private se
2、ctor 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 eco
3、nomic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的 国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product) 人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP 产值 output value 鼓励 give i
4、ncentive to 投入 input 宏观控制 exercise macro-control 优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure 输入活力 bring vigor into 改善经济环境 improve economic environment 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order 有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation 非公有成分 non-public sectors 主要成分 dominant sector 实在的 tangible 全体会议 plenary session 解放生产
5、力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley 举措 move 实事求是 seek truth from facts 引进、输入 importation 和平演变 peaceful evolution 试一下 have a go (at sth.) 精华、精粹、实质 quintessence 家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system 搞活企业 invigorate enterprises 商品经济 commodity econ
6、omy 基石 cornerstone 零售 retail 发电量 electric energy production 有色金属 nonferrous metals 人均收入 per capita income 使负担 be saddled with 营业发达的公司 going concerns 被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business 善于接受的 receptive 增额、增值、增长 increment 发展过快 excessive growth 抽样调查 data from the sample survey 扣除物价上涨部分 price incre
7、ase are deducted(excluded) 实际增长率 actual growth rate 国际收支 international balance of payments 流通制度 circulation system 总工资 total wages 分配形式 forms of distribution 风险资金 risk funds 管理不善 poor management 一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points 以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则社会主义道路党的领导人民民主专政马列主义 毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放 the ce
8、ntral task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the peoples democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reform and opening. 改革是“社会主义制度的
9、自我完善和自我发展”。 Reform is the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system. 我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力， 是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。 The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overal
10、l national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards. 社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。 The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor
11、 and the final achievement of common prosperity. 要人们警惕右和“左”的影响，特别是“左”的根深蒂固的影响。 to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the Left deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted Left influence. 中国要警惕右，但更要防“左”。 China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should g
12、uard against the Leftdeviation. 资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。 Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy. 随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。 As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for
13、market forces will be enlarged. 初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。 to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy. 各尽所能，按劳/需分配。 from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs. 经济结构改革。 reform in economic structure 剩余劳动力。 surplus labor 经营机制 operative m
14、echanism 发挥市场的调节作用 to give play to the regulatory role of the market 经济和法律的杠杆 economic and legal leverages 经济计划和市场调节相结合 to combine economic planning with market regulation 计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制 a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation 取消国家对农产品的统购统销 to cancel the states monopoly on t
15、he purchase and marketing of agricultural products 改革重点转移到城市 the focus of reform is shifted to the cities 国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设 The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization. 逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。 to modernize the countrys industry,
16、agriculture, national defence and science and techn ology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy. 社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。 The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the m
17、eans of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people. 国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。 The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy. 国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。 The stat
18、e ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy. 农业 farming 林业 forestry 畜牧业 animal husbandry 副业 sideline production 渔业 fishing 第一产业 primary industry 第二产业 secondary industry 第三产业 tertiary industry 生产资料 means of production 生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence 生产关系 relations of production 生
19、产力 productive forces 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership 全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people 社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership 厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 合资企业 joint venture 合作企业 cooperative enterprise 独资企业 wholly foreign
20、owned/funded enterprise 亚洲金融危机 financial crisis in Asia 沿海经济开发区 open coastal economic area 养老保险 endowment insurance 养老金 pension 养路费 road toll 以产定人,减员增效 employ workers in accordance with production needsand increase efficiency while reducing the staff 异地资金汇划 fund remittance between different places 一
21、个中心,两个基本点 one central task, two basic points 以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side 一级市场 primary market 溢价 premium 溢价发行债券(以超过票面金额价发行债券) issue of bonds at a premium 以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of ec
22、onomic construction 一揽子(计划) one-package (plan) 一揽子购买 lump-sum purchase; basket purchase 以人为本 people oriented; people foremost 以上海浦东开发开放为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市 open more cities along the Yangtze River, while concentrating on the development and opening of the Pudong Area of Shanghai 隐性收入 invisible income; of
23、f-payroll income; side money 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality 以质量求发展 strategy of development through quality; win the market with quality products 以资证明 in witness whereof; in testimony thereof 印花税 stamp duty / tax 隐性就业 unregistered employment 隐形牧
24、人 invisible income; off-payroll income 隐性失业 recessive unemployment 赢利能力 profitability 营销管理 marketing management 营业税 turnover tax; business tax 永久正常贸易关系 permanent normal trading relations (PNTR) 优化结构 optimize structure 优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure 优化资源配置 optimize the allocation of resources
25、 优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping 优惠贷款 loans on favorable terms 有机农业 organic agriculture 优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest 优势互补 (of two countries or companies) have complementary advantages 幼稚工业 infant industry 游资 idle money / fund; floating capital 与国际惯例接轨 become compatible with internati
26、onally accepted practices 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market 预算外收入 extra-budgetary revenue 预算外支出 off-budget expenditure 远景规划 perspective long-term plan 远景计划 long-term development targets 远期合同 forward contract 原始资本 original capital 再贷款 re-lending; subloa
27、n 在孵企业 incubated enterprises (incubator) 再就业服务中心 re-employment service center 再就业工程 re-employment project / program 宰 to swindle money out of our customers 在途资金 fund in float 增发股票 increase issues in stocks 增加信任,减少麻烦,发展合作,不搞对抗 enhance trust, reduce trouble,develop cooperation and avoid confrontation
28、造假帐 falsified accounts 增值税 value added tax(VAT) 渣打银行 The Chartered Bank 债台高筑 become debt-ridden 债转股 debt-to-equity swap 招标 invite a bid 招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project 招股说明书 prospectus 招商局 China Merchants Steam Navigation Co. Ltd. (China Merchants) 招商引资 attract/bid for/invite investme
29、nts (from overseas) 朝阳产业 sunrise industry 折旧费 depreciation charge 折衷方案 a compromise proposal 振兴经济 revitalize the economy 政策性贷款 policy-based lending; policy-related loan 政策性亏损 policy-related losses; losses incurred due to policy decisions 政策银行 policy banks *采购 government procurement *搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Gov
30、ernments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show. *干预 government intervention 政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up 政企分开 separate government functions from ent
31、erprise management 证券化 securitisation 证券监督管理委员会 securities supervision commission 证券营业部 stock exchange; security exchange 支付能力 payment capacity 直接三通与双向交流 three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade)and bilateral exchanges 质量管理 quality control 质量认证体系认证证书 certificate of the system of
32、 quality certification 知识产权 intellectual property 知识经济 knowledge-based economy 知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy 直销 direct marketing; door-to-door sale 滞销商品 unmarketable goods 制止 *流失 prevent foreign exchange flight 中关村科技园区 Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park 中国出口商品交易会(广交会) China E
33、xport Commodities Fair (Guangzhou Fair) 中国经济景气监测中心 China Economic Monitoring Center 中国新经济峰会 China New Economy Summit 中国证监会 Chinas Securities Regulatory Commission 重合同、守信用的原则 the principle of equality and mutual benefit and “honoring contracts adn standing by reputation“ 重合同,守信用 abide by contracts an
34、d keep ones words 中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法 Law of the Peoples Republic of China on the Protection of Consumers Rights and Interests 中华人民共和国渔政渔港监督管理局 Administration of Fishery and Fishing Harbor Supervision of the PRC 股票的）中签 win the lot for IPO (股票的）中签率 lot winning rate 中央大型企业工委 Central Work Committee for Lar
35、ge Enterprises 中央经济工作会议 the Central Economic Working Conference 中央商务区 central business district (CBD) 注册会计师 certificated public accountant (CPA) 注册资本 registered capital 主体经济 the mainstay of the economy 抓大放小,三改一加强 (Efforts were focused on) the reform, reorganization,upgrading and better management of
36、 enterprises, aiming at well managing large enterprises while adopting more flexible policies toward small ones 抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定seize the current opportunity,deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world,promote development and maintain stability 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity 转轨 tran
37、sfer to a different track; retracking 转轨经济 economies in transition; transition economy 转化机制 (of State-owned enterprises) to shift to new management mechanisms 专属经济区 exclusive economic zone 专业化分工 division of labor based on specialization 追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development 准备金 reserve fun
38、d; capital reserves 准上市公司 pro-listed companies 资本额过多 overcapalisation 资本利润率 rate of return on capital 资本外逃 capital flight 资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets; maintenance and appreciation of assets value 资产剥离 peel off (bad) assets of a company 资产重组 reorganized assets; assets reorganizat
39、ion 资产负债表 balance sheet 资产调控 assets control 资金到位 fully funded (project) 资金划拨 capital allocation 资金汇划 fund remittance and transfer 自由竞争 free competition 自由流通 free flow 自由贸易区 free-trade zone 自足经济 self-sufficient economy 最低工资保障制度 minimum wage guarantee system 最低生活保证制度 system for ensuring a minimum standard of living 最惠国待遇 most-favored-nation status 最终用户 end user
