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1、中国传统文化词汇翻译口译分类词汇中国文化 口译分类词汇中国文化 概述 General Terms 爱国主义精神 patriotism 诚实守信 honesty 公民道德建设实施纲要 The Program for Improving Civic Morality 集体主义 collectivism 弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育 education in soci
2、al and professional ethics and family virtues 为人民服务 serving the people 深入群众，深入生活 go deep among the masses and into the thick of life 奉献无愧于时代的作品 contribute to the people works worthy of the times 中华文明博大精深，源远流长 The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history 重要文化遗产 major cu
3、ltural heritage 优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts 自立于世界民族之林 stand proudly in the family of nations 艺术及工艺 Arts and Crafts 版画 engraving 贝雕画 shell carving picture 彩塑 painted sculpture 瓷器 porcelain; china 刺绣 embroidery 雕刻 carving 宫灯 palace lantern 国画 Chinese painting 剪纸 paper-cut 景德镇瓷 Jingdezhen porcelain 景泰
4、蓝 cloisonn enamel 蜡染 batik 卖秸画 straw patchwork 木/石/竹刻 wood/stone/bamboo carving 木刻画 wood engraving 泥人儿 clay figure 皮影 shadow puppet 漆画 lacquer painting 漆器 lacquer ware 双面绣 two-sided embroidery 水墨画 Chinese brush drawing ; ink and wash painting 檀香扇 sandalwood fan 唐三彩 Tang tri-colored pottery 陶器 potter
5、y ; earthenware 图章 seal 拓碑 making rubbings from inscriptions , pictures , etc . on stone tablets 拓片 rubbing 微雕 miniature engraving 象牙雕刻 ivory carving 宜兴陶 Yixing pottery 篆刻 seal cutting 戏剧表演 Theatrical Performances 京剧人物脸谱 types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生 male characters 末 middle-aged male ch
6、aracters 净 “painted face” characters 旦 female characters 丑 clown 京剧票友 amateur performer of Peking Opera 木偶戏 puppet show 独角戏 monodrama; one-man play 皮影戏 shadow play ; leather-silhouette show 折子戏 opera highlights 戏剧小品 skit 哑剧 dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime 单口相声 monologue comic talk 双口相声 witty
7、dialogue 口技 vocal imitations ; ventriloquism 说书 monologue story-telling 杂技 acrobatic performance 叠罗汉 making a human pyramid 特技 stunt 睬高跷 stilt walk 马戏 circus performances 神话人物 Mythological Figures 八仙 the Eight Immortals 嫦娥 Changs ( the Chinese moon goddess) 伏羲 Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry) 福禄
8、寿三星 the three gods of fortune , prosperity and longevity 共工 God of Water 后羿 Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns ) 黄帝 Yellow Emperor 夸父 Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant ) 女 Goddess of Sky-patching 盘古 Pan Gu (creator of the universe ) 神农 Patron of Agriculture 禹 Yu ( the reputed founder of
9、 the Xia Dynasty ) 祝融 God of Fire 古代建筑 Ancient Architecture 塔 pagoda 琉璃塔 glazed stupa 舍利塔 dagoba ; sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics ) 舍利子 sarira remains from cremation of Buddhas of saints body 喇叭塔 Lamaist pagoda 楼 storied buildings 钟楼 bell tower 鼓楼 drum tower 阁 pavilion 烽火台 beacon tower
10、华表 ornamental column 牌坊 memorial archway 传统节日 Traditional Festivals 拜年 paying a New Year call 爆竹 firecracker 鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers 除夕 New Years Eve 春节 Spring Festival 春联 Spring Festival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year ) 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; rin
11、g out the old year and ring in the new 大扫除 year-end household cleaning 灯谜 lantern riddles 登高 hill climbing 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 恭喜发财 May you be prosperous! / Wish you all the best ! 观灯 viewing the lanterns 贺年片 New Year film 饺子 dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing ) 龙灯舞 dragon lantern danc
12、e 庙会 temple fair 年画 New Year picture 年夜饭 family reunion dinner on Lunar New Years Eve 清明节 Tomb-sweeping Festival 扫墓 paying respect to the dead 赏菊 enjoying chrysanthemum 赏月 enjoying the full moon 狮子舞 lion dance 压岁钱 money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift 秧歌舞 yangge dance 元宵 sweet rice-flour
13、dumplings (eaten on the Lantern Festival ) 元宵节 Lantern Festival 月饼 moon cake 植树节 Tree-planting Day 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival 重阳节 Double Ninth Festival 粽子 a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves 烹饪 Culinary Arts 美食节 gourmet festival 中餐烹饪 Chinese cuisine 色，香，味俱全
14、 perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance 四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜 four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine , Sichuan cuisine , Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine 南淡北咸，东甜西辣 the light southern cuisine , and the salty northern cuisine ;the sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy west
15、ern cuisine 八宝菜 eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats , asparagus , lettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce ) 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits , sweetened bean paste , lotus seeds , longan , etc.) 白斩鸡 tender boiled c
16、hicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , then dipping into seasonings ) 臭豆腐 odd-odour bean curb 粉蒸肉 pork streamed with rice flour 风味小吃 local delicacy 腐竹 rolls of dried bean milk cream 冷盘 hors doeuvres 萨其马 Manchu candied fritter cut in squares 刀切，火候 Cutting and Slicin
17、g Techniques , Heat Control 切片 slicing 切条 cutting to strips 切丝 shredding 切柳 filleting 切丁 dicing 切碎 mincing 磨碎 grinding 大/旺/武火 strong heat 中火 medium heat 小/微/文火 gentle heat 烹饪方法 Cooking Techniques 煎 pan-frying 炒 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸 烩 熏 煨 煮 烘 烤 蒸 红烧 涮羊肉 羊肉串小摊 宗教 Religions 佛教 释迦牟尼 佛寺 大雄宝殿 藏经楼
18、金刚经 素菜馆 罗汉堂 观音 地藏 deep-frying stewing smoking simmering boiling baking roasting steaming braising (with soy sauce ) dip-boiled mutton slices mutton barbecue stall Buddhism Sakyamuni Buddhist temple the Great Buddhas Hall depositary of Buddhist texts Vajracchedika-sutra vegetarian restaurant arhat ha
19、ll Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara God of Earth 四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians (at the entrance to a Buddhism temple);Four Devarajas 四大天王 Four Heavenly Kings 因果报应 karma 藏传佛教 Lamaism 大藏经 Tripitaka 转世灵童 reincarnated soul boy 喇嘛庙 lamasery 道教 Taoism 道观 Taoist temple 道士 Taoist priest 关帝庙 temple o
20、f Lord Guan 儒教 Confucianism 孔子庙 Confucian temple 孔子 Confucius 义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌 rightness, propriety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love 学儿优则仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excels in study can follow an official career . 禅宗 Zen Buddhism 不
21、立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。 There belief is passed on outside the religion There is no reliance on written scripts It goes straight into peoples minds . One becomes a Buddha the moment He sees his own Buddha nature . 伊斯兰教 Islam 清真寺 mosques 古兰经 the Koran 耶稣教 Christianity 耶稣基督 Jesus Christ 洗礼 baptism 天主教 Cath
22、olicism 天主教堂 Catholic church 古代典籍 Famous Ancient Books 春秋 The Spring and Autumn Annals 史记 Historical Records 诗经 The Book of Songs 书经 The Book of History 易经 The Book of Changes 礼记 The Book of Rites 四书： The Four Books: 大学 The Great Learning 中庸 The Doctrine of the Mean 论语 The Analects of Confucius 孟子 T
23、he Mencius 山海经 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 本草纲目 Compendium of Materia Medica 资治通鉴 History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 西厢记 The Romance of West Chamber 三国演义 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 水浒传 Heroes of the Marshes ; Water Margins 西游记 Pilgrimage to the West 红楼梦 Dream of the Red Mansions ;
24、The story of the Stone 聊斋志异 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio 六艺：礼，乐，射，御，书，数 six classical arts: rites , music , archery , riding , writing , arithmetic 朦胧诗 misty poetry 三字经 three-character scripture 武侠小说 tales of roving knights; martial arts novel ; a kung fu novel 言情小说 romantic fiction ; sentimental novel 八股文 eight-part essay ; stereotyped writing 五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave
