《如何短期提高托福英语口语.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《如何短期提高托福英语口语.doc（48页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、如何短期提高托福英语口语 如何高效备考托福口语呢?给大家整理了一些托福备考攻略，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。如何短期提高托福英语口语?首先我想说，托福口语主要考的并不是你的发音，而是你的逻辑表达能力。当然发音固然重要，但是平心而论大部分考生哪里来的时间去纠正自己习惯了十几年的发音，去做跟读?通常考生只要1-3个月的时间准备，目标导向，因而要做的就是短时间内知道口语究竟如何评分，根据评分标准如何尽可能规范作答得到高分。因而我的回答非常应试，所以对于想要提高长期口语能力的同学可以红叉了。以下方法相信一定能对那些 口语过得去(17分以上)但是拿到题目不知道如何开口，一头雾水的同学行之有效。一、整
2、体概述首先，口语部分6道题，每道题4分。每个考官会给每道题一个整数分。最后的口语分数是由这六道题的分数均值得到一个对应的以30为满分的分数。(具体多少可以检索一下，不做赘述)因而我们要做的是在允许一定瑕疵的情况下，尽可能拿到更高的整数分。二、每题详解Q1 Personal Experience对于这一题很多学生有一种误解，首先需要澄清一下。拿TPO 1 举例。Talk about a book you have read that was important to you for some reason. Explain why the book was important to you.Gi
3、ve specific details and examples to explain your answer.很多人觉得这一题要答的就是：给一本具体的书，说为什么对我重要。对我而言最重要的书是哈利波特。它重要的原因有以下两个：1.它是我阿姨在生日的时候给我的。2.故事想象力丰富，我非常喜欢。我想说的是，以上回答方向错了。如果Q1这样答，那和Q2有什么区别呢?ETS为什么要出两道一样的题目呢?第一题要答的有四个信息点，缺一不可，从题目中提取有以下几点：1) what book 2)why important 3)details and examples to explain第四个点是很多人忽略
4、的、也是这个题目最重要的4) you! you! you!(重说三!)这也是为什么我把第一题称作Personal experience的原因，题目中出现最多的词其实是you，因而你的回答必须是非常个人的偏好、个人的经历、个人的原因、个人的体验。综上，Q1作答的满分答案必须包含以下信息点：1) what 回答主体、对象2) who 答题者的描述或者任何体现你个人的内容，要知道考官如果不是口音问题根本不会知道音频背后的你是中国人还是印度人。3) why 解释选择该subject的原因4) how 对应examples和 details，就像小学生写作文，时间地点人物事件，重要的是：人物要有你、和你
5、有关; 事件中必须包含你的感受，要尽可能生动。那怎么把以上内容串联起来呢?1.what关于.A.(题目内容)，我想谈谈.B.(what对象)2.who(当然不能用我是X.X.X这样很傻的内容)如同那些.(你怎么样)的人一样，我发现.B.(what重述)非常.(形容词)3.why这或许是因为.C./.D.4.how那是一次.E.(时间)，.谁和谁发生了什么.，.我感觉.以上就是我个人使用的比较清晰的结构。那怎么措辞、达到高分呢?1) 句式别太简单2) 用词别重复那接下来试试看what： Speaking of + topic， Id like to talk about + subjectwho
6、: Like many + people ( students/ young people等都可以意在表达你是哪一类人)+ personal characteristic ( 和你的subject 联系起来，例如 obsessed in fantasy novels) , I found + subject+ so/very + adj. (结合topic, crucial/ interesting/ helpful等等)why: Its probably because + reason(原因，例如 it has so many surrealistic scenes.)how: It wa
7、s a + time , +event , I was feeling like/ I felt like+ feeling (例如: a Sunday afternoon, / I couldnt put it down and finished it in one sitting. /I want to recommend this excellent book BLABLA 切题即可)练法：第一题的答法、措辞可以根据你舒服的来，但是一定要包含 what who why how 四个元素。尝试拿TPO练个几题，自然就能形成自己的套路，并且总结几个常用的用词例如：academic press
8、ure/ competition in study and professional development/ financial future/ I was feeling like I truly wish.另外，需要注意同义词替换题目问good quality 你就说shinning point，题目问sth. you like 你就说favorite ，题目问best 你就说ideal ， 题目说important 你就说crucial疑问tips：是否需要准备人/事/书之类 分类的段子?可以准备但意义并没有那么大，ETS这几年出的题回来越不好套了，问法越来越细节，如果一定要套， 也要
9、合理利用的材料，一定要对它做修改和微调。举例：准备了一个飞机晚点的段子：It was a rainy afternoon last month, my flight was delayed for 4 hours at Hongqiao Airport by typhoon, and my trip to Xiamen was almost ruined.这个段子可以怎么套?1) situations bothered you你的who 当中就要体现为什么讨厌误点：like many young people who love traveling but have little free ti
10、me, 然后自然引到 flight delays disturbing要提到为什么disturbing：because we are longing to see our friends and folks.你的how中要注重个人感受，强调disturbing：I was feeling like it was really a nightmare!2) good friend不赘述了，重点是联系起来，例如说某个friend非常creative，在how中要体现他如何解决误点问题，比如 decides to let us take the high-speed train instead 要体
11、现结果：who all got there the next morning， 最重要的是点题：he was the life-savor in our circle3)personal quality可以说creativity， 用上段子，主要是要有联系，提到save time and trouble之类的这种有针对性地准备第一题，你每次拿到第一题就不会不知道该说些什么撑满45秒了，相反你会非常清楚每一个要点，即使用词不够完美又怎么样，满足了题目的要求，分数必然不会低。总而言之，Q1的精髓在于personal，要明显感受到你的个人体验感，这点对于我们业余生活单一的中国学生很难。所以我的方法在
12、于你不需要拼凑那么多个人经历，而能一样能形成你个人经历过的真实感觉，所以这个part，feeling一定不能少。-分割线-Q2 opinion第二题 一般而言均分较高，中国学生也比较习惯这种问题，性质上比较趋同于议论文。目的在于考察表达观点的能力。结构信息点如下：1) opinion2) point1+fact13) point2+fact24) case个人习惯做法如下：1) Personally, I prefer to ./ I tend to think .2) First of all,. F1. and thus.P1.3) Also, .P2. as .F24) Take the
13、 case of +person+ , who.与opinion相反的behavior., and guess what? .与P1,P2相反的恶果.几点解释：1)P和F的表达顺序不同，是为了避免表达方式单一2)case的内容可以理解为反例，好记的版本是：no zuo no die why you try个人常用人物是cousin(因为年纪浮动大，你可以安排你的倒霉cousin去上学，去上班 whatever)注意用过去式。所以这个部分在behavior处体现跟你观点相反的言行，此为作;guess what后体现die的两个倒霉结果，即为和你理由相背的结果，例如P1是concentrate o
14、n study，die的方式就是 fail in the school exams。这种方式好处有三：一、反面论述你的观点 二、避免与point重复用词 三、who的复合句形式增加你的措辞复杂性，这也是口语部分ETS所鼓励的练习举例：Sports success is based on talent or hard workPersonally, I tend to think athletic accomplishment is more a matter of talent.First of all, if we force young people to train too hard f
15、or sports competition, they run the risk of sports injuries and long-term health problems, and thus it defeat the purpose of playing sports to keep in a good mood and a good shape.Also, it could be a waste of time for someone not at all gift people to be coached many hours a day to become a professi
16、onal athlete as they still have courses, career development and social life to take care of.Take the case of my cousin Jack, whose parents sent him to a basketball school to be forged into the next YaoMing, while he was only two-thirds of YaoMings height, and not at all strong or physically capable.
17、Guess what? He failed all his school exams, and he got bruises all over his body, feeling exhausted every time he came home.事实上case和point, fact不需要那么长，能够支撑观点，对应要点就行关于point如何在15s内快速想到，放到第6题后的总结来说P.S. Q1/2对于语速的要求相对于后四题更高一些，需要你达到1秒3词，平常练习要注意语速-分割线-Q3 Conversation- ideas about the readingQ3和Q4相同，结合阅读，听力和
18、口语三个task先看Q3，reading会给你一个announcement/letter等，内容涉及一个proposal等，会给出两个理由来支撑opinionListening part 一男一女进行对话，其中一人具有鲜明观点-agree or disagree 但是注意!80%情况下主人公会给出三个point，而不是大多人认为的两个。其中两个是针对reading的回应，另外一个是新延伸的point那如何作答呢?总体而言，如同Q1/Q2，同样分4点，并且注意reading 和listening的对应，但重点在listening内容1) 表达观点 agree or disagree + read
19、ing的main point2) r1 (reading reference1) + p1, f1 (listening内容)3) r2 (reading reference2) + p2, f24) p3 f3 ( further point, 无reading 对应)来看具体答法1) In the conversation, the m/w (dis)agrees with .main point. in the reading material. And (s)he has given several reasons.2) First, with the regard to the wi
20、sh/claim/concern in the reading material that .r1., he/she mentioned that .f1. , and thus .p1.3) Also, facing the wish/claim/concern . r2. , he/she points out that. p2. , as .f2.4) Finally, he she further stated that.p3/f3几点解释：1) 4点重点在2/3两点，时间分配12s/18s/18s/10s，2秒微调2) Q：为什么平时没发现有3个point?回答两个会如何?A：poi
21、nt3通常和1/2一起出现，比较难分开，具体放到Q6展开。先以TPO中的一题举例，第几套忘了，欢迎补充Reading中谈到推迟某大楼关闭时间中涉及两个point， 其中point1记得是说right now no good placelistening持agree态度，woman表示：学生在大楼关闭后没有地方可去，只能在dormitory练习乐器。然而dorm有人休息，会吵到别人。以上就有看似回应了一个point，实则有两个：place问题/disturb others这两点其实是不同的角度，前一句对应了r1，后一句讲的是新的point因而，如果能在回答里照顾到三个point，那么即使你每个点
22、有措辞和逻辑的瑕疵，只要拿到了3.5分，那你的该题得分就能拿到4分了。-分割线-Q4 ReadingListening-case illustration第四题中国大陆普遍得分较低，事实上这是个通过简单练习非常好拿分、提分的part。Reading中会讲一个terminology，标题即内容。这个术语的解释会分为两组key wordListening中professor会讲一个case说明此术语，并且请谨记，case中一定会出现相应内容和key word 1 / key word 2分别对应!试想，如果让你解释清一个术语，你要做的其实就是解释清那两个key word就OK了。那联系到答题怎么答
23、呢?1.概括reading中术语内容2.听力材料case描述3.听力材料illustration 1 与 key word 1 对应4.听力材料illustration 2 与 key word 2 对应那拿到题目要怎么做呢?Reading part, 45s内你要记下：Topic即term/ subject是什么? animial, people, plant./ k1 / k2 采用动宾结构，尽量维持在5词左右Listening part 你要写下：case description 6词左右 / illustration1 / illustration 2 词数根据听力文本酌情判断可能的问
24、题：很多人会有的问题是：阅读文本这么长，究竟怎么在45s内抓住k1/k2并记下文本内容?合理的方法是：不要全看!不用担心，只看两到三句话的文本内容是不会影响你理解的，而真正能带给价值的信息点也只在那二三句话中。那怎么权衡是否读这句话呢?请根据主语原则判断。即：1.人非人2.if无人，动物视人3.if 人=3 专人普人4.landmark遵循这四条原则，基本能解决大部分句子。一一来看。1.表示人做主语优先于非人的主语。试想investigations 和 people 分别做主语的句子，哪个才可能出现术语的解释呢?2.动物视人很好理解，这个术语的subject为animal3.如果通篇出现多个句
25、子都是人做主语，就要区分人的种类了。专人表示特定人，普人表示general的概述。4.landmark可以看作signal，提示passage的重点部分，这点相信考过GMAT的很好理解。A BUT B，请直接跳过A，重点看B;X therefore Y 请看 Y以下以TPO中的一篇举例练习。Scatter HoardingMany animals live in environments where food is plentiful during certain times of the year and scarce during other times of the year.In su
26、ch environments, some animals collect and prepare food when it is plentiful, then hoard it store it for future use. Some types of hoarders engage in scatter hoarding.Unlike other types of hoarders, scatter hoarders do not store the food all in once p lace; instead, they scatter it divide it up and h
27、ide it in many different places.Later, at a time when food is scarce, the hoarders return to these hiding places and recover the food.这一篇讲得是动物的分散囤食行为首先看标题：scatter 分散 divide的意思 标题具有提示作用。hoarding 可能看不懂，不要紧往下第一句 many animals 普人先不看第二句 some animals 范围小了点 但还是普人 同时第一句全面排除第三句 scatter hoarders 和标题高度重合，专人出现，第
28、二句排除 还有unlike landmark，重点关注 do not 先不看，看他们做了什么：divide/scatter food hide in different places第四句 later 明显和前一句是一个process的层级，关注动作： (food inssarce) return and recover food这样练下来会发现 45s内完全足够抓住TOPIC/ SUBJECT/ K1/ K2 这四个要点了看如何答题1.先讲reading: According to the reading material, (topic) enables/causes (subject)
29、to (K1+K2)注解：enable可用作正面效果，cause负面效果2.总起lecture: In the lecture, we heard about a case to illustrate it, which was based on (case description)3.K1对应： Particularly, we heard from the professor that (I1), which shows that (K1 passive)注解：K1可做变为被动形式，以避免用词重复感4.K2对应：When it comes to how (K2), there was ev
30、idence from the listening that (I2)-分割线-Q5 Conversation- ProblemQ5/Q6 为listening+ speaking形式，其中Q5为校园生活内容，Q6为课堂lecture内容。listening：一男一女谈话，其中一方出现困扰的问题，谈话双方会提出两个解决方案，但方案都存在问题。题目要求：The speakers discuss two possible solutions to the womans problem. Briefly summarize the problem then state which solution
31、you recommend and explain why.下面总结信息点：1.problem2.two solutions3.your solution and reason另外：还有一个隐含的大家可能没有注意到，谈话双方给出solution之后，其实都有问题，所以你必须谈及两个solution对应的challenge注释：two solution要明确是谁提出的，可能存在以下情况：1)问题方好基友一人一个/2)问题方自己想出两个/3)好基友想出两个接下来看如何组织语言及逻辑顺序：problem: In the conversation, the w/ms problem is .p(a).
32、, but .p(b).solutions: 对应上文：1) The m/w suggested that ., while the w/m thought of.2) The w/m thought of two ideas: either to S1 or to S23) the m/w gave two suggestions: either to S1 or to S2challenge:However, neither of two ideas seemed to work out, as the former + C1 , and the later + C2your soluti
33、on:If I were the w/m in the conversation, I prefer the former/ later, because.几个误区：1. problemproblem part经常出现的以下两个错误：1) 只有一个problem：美国人的思维偏向于不喜欢麻烦别人，因而你单单提出一个problem是不够的。你要体现的是对话人物出现一个困难，这并没有什么，但是问题在于又另一个问题将问题升级，可以理解为处于一个实在无路可走的境地。以TPO28举例(woman) Hey mike, did you finish that article you were writin
34、g for the campus newspaper? The one about the school play.(man) Not yet. Remember how I was going to interview the student whos directing it?(woman): Yeah, you said that was going to be a big part of the article.(man): Right! And I was going to make my article about what the director said, since she
35、 knows about picking the play, choosing the cast, designing the seteverything! But I just called and it turns out that shes got a bad coldshes sick!以上是听力文本节选，由此可以看出：conversation中的man出现以下问题：p(a) student director who will be interviewed is sick; p(b) the interview will be a big part of the articlep(a)
36、是困难，p(b)使得问题的严重性凸显，两个组合在一起才是真正的problem2) background当做problem经常会出现的作答是：the man will interview the student director but she is sick但是事实上这种作答的前半部分只是background而已，并非problem，这样的叙述不够切入主题而前者的回答方式不仅囊括了后一种的内容并提出了真正问题所在2. your solution考生甚至很多机构老师一直缺乏对这个part的关注，实际上却存在着很大的误区。这个部分需要你主观上认可的solution，并给出理由，常见的有两种错误理由
37、1) 洗脑式2) 无路可走式举个栗子(man) Hows it going, Marie? Werent you away this past weekend?(woman) Yeah, I flew out to see my family in Boston for the weekend, just got back from the airport actually. What a mess! My flight was delayed several hours cause of the bad weather.(man) Oh, yeah, there was that big s
38、torm out East, huh?(woman) Right, so I was at the airport like all night waiting for my flight to leave. I was supposed to arrive back to campus last night, but, instead, I got in early this morning.(man) You must be exhausted.(woman) I am. I hardly got any sleep, just a short nap on the plane. And
39、I am supposed to, I cant believe it, I am supposed to give a presentation in my history class today, an hour from now.(man) What kind of presentation?(woman) Its a ten-minute presentation on a paper I wrote. And then theres an answer, a question-and-answer session afterward, where the professor and
40、other students ask me questions about my history paper and stuff.(man) Well, I bet if you told your professor what happened, how the flight was delayed and you didnt get any sleep, I bet your professor would let you do the presentation on a different day.(woman) Yeah, shed probably let me reschedule
41、. I just dont know if I want to put it off. Ive got a lot of other stuff coming up, big assignments.(man) Oh!(woman) I could just give the presentation today, I mean, I did prepare a lot for it last week. So, I dont know, maybe I should just grab a cup of coffee or something and go through with it.(
42、man) Well, if you feel OK with that.(woman) Well, Im definitely tired. I wouldnt be as quick or sharp as I normally am but Ive got an hour to go over my notes and the coffee should help wake me up.(好长. 这篇回答点开来大家一定很醉吧.滚动条君变得好瘦好瘦)两个solution分别是：reschedule the pre / give the pre today假设选了S2 give the pre
43、 today洗脑式的原因会试图说服你S2遇到的C2根本不叫事儿，不会出现C2的，强行灌输：这个woman还是会表现好啦，即时休息不好也没关系啦，不会影响的啦 blabla请记住!永远不要质疑或者试图否定对话给你的信息至于无路可走式的原因会避而不谈S2，反而跑去说S1的缺点：换一天做pre可能别的同学也要做，时间会冲突Prof会觉得你没有准备好，留下不好的影响 种种这两种错误都非常致命，要你给出solution的理由，你要做的是：overcome/confront conversation中的challenge，点对点的克服和解决才是真正想听到的内容：比如：the woman could set
44、 the alarm for an hour and take a nap，这才是解决rest不够的方法。请一定记得直面challenge!这是我找TPO原文的时候在某东方找到的解答，顺便贴出来，划线部分1即为第二种错误，划线部分2即为第一种错误I personally prefer the second solution. Because firstly, she says that she will have a lot of other tasks to do. If she put off the presentation, maybe it is difficult for her to find another proper time to give the speech. Secondly, if she has prepared enough for the presentation, she still can make a good presentation even though she is very tired, and the coffee also can help a lot.-分割线-Q6 Listening- Lecture如约来码第六题，Q6与Q4具有相似性，同为lecture内容，并且同样可以快速提分。l
