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1、初中英语基本词汇语法解析以字母R开头的单词R rabbit rbt n. C野兔；猪兔 The rabbit disappeared in the bushes. 那只兔子消失在树丛中。 race res n.C比赛，赛跑;种族，民族v.竞赛，参加比赛 Every moming he spent two hours training for the race.他每天早晨花两个时练习赛跑。 A rabbit races with a tortoise.兔子和乌龟赛跑。 短语：1.relay race 接力赛 2.a race against time 和时间赛跑 v. 参加速度竞赛 3/ aga
2、inst /with sb radio red n.C收音机；无线电广播 We listened to the Presidents speech on the radio yesterday.昨天我们通过无线电听了总统演说。on the radio/ by radio 通过天线电 railway relwe n. C铁路；铁道 The railway traverses the country. 这条铁路横贯全国。 rain ren v.下雨，降雨n. C,U雨 Dont go out in the rain.不要冒雨出去。 短语：1.rain out 因雨而中断： e.g. The gam
3、e was rained out.比赛因雨暂停举行。 2.as right as rain 非常健康 3比较rain heavily/heavy rain n. e.g. Dont go out in the rain.不要冒雨出去 Come in out of the rain. 快进去别让雨淋着 。 Adj rainy 下雨的，多雨的 相关词汇: raincoat 雨衣 rainbow 彩虹 rainfall降雨量 rainless 无雨天 rainy ren adj.下雨的，多雨的 They walked along the beach on a rainy night.他们在一个雨夜沿
4、着沙滩散步。 raise rez v.举起，抬起;招募，筹集;提高，升高 She raised her fingers to her lips as a sign for silence.她把手指举到嘴唇上示意别说话。 How were they going to raise enough money for it?他们怎样来为此筹集足够的资金呢？ raise与rise raise 及物动词，后面一定要加宾语。指“提起，使升高”。例如：If you have any question, please raise your hands.如果你们有任何问题，请举手示意。 1 rise 不及物动词，
5、后面不能加宾语。指“上升，升高，上涨”。例如：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 短语：1.raise ones eyes 举目观看 2.raise ones voice against sb/sth坚决的发言而反对某人或某事物。 rapid rpd adj.快的；迅速的；急促的 He has made rapid and brilliant progress in his studies.他在学业上有着迅速而突出的进步。 rat rt n.C老鼠；叛徒 The hungry rat ravened down the poison bait. 饥饿的老鼠一口吞
6、下毒饵。 短语：1.look like a drown rat 湿的像落汤鸡 2.the rat race激烈的竞争 rather r adv. 宁可；最好 Its a rather good idea. ( = Its rather a good idea.) 这可是个好主意。rather修饰名词 ,放在冠词前，如果有形容词，放在a( n)前后均可 He speaks English rather well.他英语说得相当好。 He would rather stay at home than go out.他宁愿呆在家也不愿出门。would rather. . . than宁愿而不愿，后而
7、接动词原形 短语2.ratherthan 与其 倒不如，不是 而是： e.g. Hed rather drink boiled water than coffee. 他宁愿喝开水也不愿喝咖啡。 e.g. He is an artist rather than a philosopher. 与其说他是个哲学家不如说他是个艺术家注意： 注意：would ratherthan 词组中，后面接动词原形，但当would rather 后跟从 句，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即用过去时表示现在或将来要做的事： e.g.I would rather that we stopped now.我宁可现在停下来。 re
8、ach rit 1伸出；延伸 ；2到达 相当于 v. When you roach the top of the hill, turn right.当你到达山顶时，向右转。 短语：1.get to / arrive in/arrive at 2.reach ones hand 出手 3.reach sb. Sth. 给某人某物 4.with easy reach of 在容易达到 的地方：在 的附近 read rid (read, read) red v.读；阅读; The teacher read a poem to the class.老师向班上的同学朗诵了一首诗歌。 短语：1. read
9、 sth. (to sb.) 读，朗读； e.g. He was reading silently to himself. 他正在默读。 2. read about / of sb. / sth. 借助阅读发现某人的情况。 e.g. I read about / of her in todays paper.我在今天的报纸上读到关于她的消息。 3. read aloud 朗读 e.g. The teacher asked the strdents to read the text aloud after class. 教师叫学生们在课后朗读课文 2 reader n.读者，阅读人reading
10、 n.读书，朗读 ready red adj. (-ier -iest) 有准备的；乐意的 有准备的，准备好的;乐意的，喜好的 He was always ready to help his friends.他总是乐于帮助朋友。be ready to do sth.乐于做某事 They are ready for the competition.他们做好了比赛的准备。be ready for sth.为.而准备好 real ril adj.现实的；真实的。非模仿的，真的adv非常；的确 No, it wasnt a dream. It was real.不，它不是一个梦，它是真实的。 e.g.
11、 Im real sorry. 我非常抱歉 词型转换：realism 现实主义 realist 现实主义者 realistic 现实主义的reality真实性 realise rlaz (realize) v.意识到，实现，明白 He didnt realise how late it was.他并没有意识到已经有多晚了。 近义词辨析：realize / understand 这两个词是近义词，在一起比较一般和含义是“意识到”，“弄明白”，常常可以互换使用。 e.g. You dont understand / realize what a difficult position Im in.
12、你不会明白我的处境多么困难。 realize 也可以表示“实现”： e.g. The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。 understand 也可以表示“听懂，理解” e.g. The English understand them.英国人说话都能互相听懂，可是他们讲话我却听不懂。 really rl adv.事实上，实际上 It was a short trip but we had a really good time.虽然这是一次短暂的旅行，但我们过得真
13、愉快。 reason n.C原因，理由v.评理，劝说;推断，推理 That is the reason why I dont like it.那就是我不喜 欢它的原因。 There are a number of reasons for eating good food. 要吃好东西有许多理由。reason for sth. /doing sth的理由 短语：1 reason for sth/doing sth 2reason to do sth 有某事的原因 思考 理解 推理 e.g. He reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be t
14、here by noon. 3.reason sth out receive rsiv v.接收；收到；接受； I didnt buy the book, I received it from the writer as a gift.这本书不是我买的，3 而是作者送给我的礼物。receive sth from sb.从获得，收到 短语：1. receive a letter from sb. = hear from sb.收到某人的来信 adj 公认为正确而普遍接受的 2. received opinion n. receiver 接受者， 电话听筒 recent ris()nt adj.最
15、近的，新近的 There have been many changes in recent years.近几年发生了许多的变化。 recently risntl adv.最近，近来 We received a letter from him recently.我们不久以 前收到了他的一封信。 recite rsat v. 背诵；描述 Each child had to recite a poem to the class.每个孩子都得在班上背诵一首诗。 recognise reknaz (美：recognize) Vt.认出，辨出；承认，认可，公认 I recognised that he w
16、as Mike the moment I saw him.我一看见他就认出他是迈克。 All the teachers recognized Tom as the best student in his class.所有的老师都承认汤姆是班上最好的学生。 recognize . . . as. . 承认.是. recommend rekmend vt.推荐，介绍;建议，劝告 Could you recommend me a good hotel? 请你给我介绍一家好的旅馆可以吗？ recommend sb. sth.= recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物 record r
17、kd v.记录，记载n. rekd C记录，记载 Her childhood is recorded in the diaries of those years.她的童年生活都记在当年的日记里。 常用搭配 keep a record保持记录break a record打破记录 v.记录；记载 短语：1.record sth from sth/ on eg .record music from radio record music on tape n. 2. record of sth 3.on record 记载下来的 4.keep/ hold the record 保持记录 5. break
18、 the record 打破记录 recorder rkd n. C录音机；记录员 A recorder is often used in our English class.英语课堂上我们经常使用录音机。 recycle risak()l vt.回收，再循环n.C 再循环 They recycle empty tins so as to use the metal. 他们回收空罐头盒以利用其金属。 red red adj.红的；红色的n.C,U红色 4 reflect rflekt v.反映，表达，表现;反射.反照;思考.考虑 His actions reflect his thoughts
19、. 他的行为反映他的思想。 refuse rfjuz v.拒绝；回绝 accept She refused to accept that there was a problem.她拒绝承认有问题存在。refuse to do sth.拒绝做某某事 She cant refuse him anything.她什么也不能拒绝他。refuse sb. sth.拒绝某人某物 regard rgd v.注意，考虑;把看作，把视为 He was regarded as the most successful scientist of modem times.他被认为是现代最为成功的科学家。regardas
20、将视为 We regard your action as a crime.我们认为你的这种行为是犯罪。 regret rgret v.遗憾；抱歉；后悔，n. C, U遗憾，惋惜 I didnt regret the choice I had made.我作了这个选择并不后悔。 I regret to tell you that I dont agree with you.我很抱歉的告诉你我与你的意见不一致。 regret to do sth.遗憾将要做某事 Tom regretted wasting too much time watching TV.汤姆后悔浪费了许多时间看电视。 regre
21、t doing sth.后悔做了某事 短语：1.give/sent ones regrets adj regretful 痛惜的 悔恨的 regretable 另人痛惜的 另人遗憾的 relation rle()n n. C,U关系；关联 We seek to improve relations between our two countries.我们寻求改进我们两国间的关系。 短语：1. between sth and sth 某物与某物之间的关系 adj. relaxed 有关的，相关联的 2. to sb/sth relative reltv adj.比较的，相比较的;相对的，关联的C亲
22、属，亲戚 relax rlks v. 轻松；松弛 When I get home from work 1 like to relax with the newspaper.我下班回到家里，喜欢看看报纸，放松一下。 relax with sth.以某种方式放松I 知识拓展：relaxing 令人放松的relaxed放松的 be relaxed about rules relief rlif n.U轻松，解脱，缓和，减轻 His family has been on relief ever since he died. 跟读 自他去世后, 他的家属一直靠救济过日子。 remain rmen 1遗留
23、；留下；2保持( 通常不用于进行时态) v.Very little of the house remained after the fire.火灾之后，这座房子所剩无几。 5 短语：1. remain + adj. 持续某种状态 remember rmemb v.牢记；记得 Do you remember turning the light off before we came out? 你记得我们出来之前关灯了吗? remember doing sth记得做过某事 I must remember to pay you back for the concert ticket.我必须记住把买音乐
24、会人场券的钱还给您。 remember to do sth.记得要做某事 remind rmand vt.提醒，使记起 He reminded me to give my father a present。他提醒我给父亲买个礼物。 remind sb. to do提醒某人去做 What you said reminded me of the days when I lived in the village.你说的话使我想起了我在村里生活的日子。remind sb. of sth.使人想起 rent rent n. C, U租金，租费v.租房，租借 This house is not ours.
25、 We rent it.这不是我们的房子。我们租的。 repair rpe vt. 修补；修理n.C,U修理，修理工作 = mend / fix up A woman drove her car to the garage to have it repaired.一位女士把车开到修理厂修理。 repeat rpit vt. 重说；重做；重复 The programmers will be repeated next year.明年将继续开设这些课程。 短语：1.repeat sth to sb. 向某人转述某件事 adj. 词型转换：repeated 反复做的 可复述的repeatable 可
26、重复的 可复述的 reply rpla v.回答；答复n.C回答，答复 He did not reply to her question right他没有马上回答她的问题。 reply to sb. /sth.答复 短语：1.reply to sb./ sth 2.give a reply to 给某人答复 report rpt n.C报告；记录 v.报道，举报 It is my duty to report it to the police把这事报告给警方是我的责任。 短语：1.report on sb./sth to sb./ sth 词型转换：n. reporter记着 represen
27、t reprzent 1代表等于，相当于，意味着象征着，代表着4描绘，展示 vt.He can represent us to give a speech.他能代表我们人作演讲。 The dove represents peace.鸽子象征着和平。 request rkwest 2耍求的事物 vt.请求，要求邀请C请求，要求;6 He requested us to meet at the gate.他要求我们在大门口碰面。request sb. to do要求某人去做 This is our request.这是我们的请求。 We requested that you(should) not
28、 smoke here.我们请求你不要在这儿吸烟。I request + that从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”, should可省略 The room requests cleaning.(=The room requests to be cleaned.)这个房间需要打扫。 require rkwa v.需要；规定 (不用于进行时态) e.g. All cars requires servicing regularly. These pets require a lot of care and attention.这些宠物需要悉心照顾。 词型转换：n. requiremen
29、t 需要 短语：1.make some requirements research rst; rist n. C,U研究；探讨 The research shows that computer games may cause aggression.研究显示，电脑游戏可能引起好斗情绪。 短语：1.research into /on sth 2.research on sb reserve rzv Vt.保留，储备; 拥有/保留(权利等)” n. C, U储备，储藏;保护区，自然保护区 respect rspekt vt.尊敬，尊重;遵守，不违背n. C, U尊敬，尊重;方面 Students s
30、hould respect their teachers.学生应该尊敬老师。 rest rest n. & v. a.休息；睡眠 b其余 剩余的部分 Im not doing this job for the rest of my life.我不会一辈子干这种工作。the rest of sth.其余(其谓语动词随所接名词的变化而变化) I really want to have。rest.我真的想休息一下。 have/take a rest休息I 短语：1. have / take a (good)rest 2. rest from sth e to rest 停止，不再移动 4.the r
31、est of 其谓语动词随所接名词的变化而变化 restaurant rstr; rstr; -rnt n.餐馆；饭店 We dined with friends at a splendid restaurant. 我们和朋友们在一家豪华饭馆用餐。 result rzlt n.后果；结果 Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness。久病使她的心脏受到一些损伤。(as a result of 作为的结果) retell ritel v. 再讲；重述 Retell what happened on the islan
32、d one early morning in autumn.复述一个秋天的清7 晨在那个岛上发生了什么。 return rtn v.送还，归还;返回，回来 I must return some books to the library.我得把一些书还给图书馆。 return sth. to sb.带回或送回某物 Shes returning to Australia tomorrow after six months in Europe.她在欧洲逗留了六个月，明天要返回澳大利亚了。 return to返回 短语： 1. return sth. to sb. 带回或送回某物。 2. return
33、 a favor 回报 3. return to 返回 4. Many happy returns! 祝你长寿！ 5. return blow for blow 以牙还牙 6. return thanks 答谢 reuse vt.重新使用，循环利用 n.U重复使用 review rvju n.C, U复习，温习;评论，批评vt.复查，复习;观察，检阅 The government will review the situation later in the year.*将在今年晚些时候对形势重新加以研究。 rice ras n.U米；稻 rich rt adj. 富的；有钱的 Oranges
34、are rich in vitamin C.橘子含有丰富的维生素C, be rich in富含，盛产 Its a favourite resort for the rich and famous.这是富人和名流最喜欢去度假的地方。 the rich有钱人，富人 ride (rode, ridden) rad v&n. 骑车；骑；乘 Youll never learn to ride a bicycle if you dont practise. 如果你不练习，就学不会骑自行车。 短语：1.give sb a ride 让某人搭便车 2.take sb for a ride 欺骗或诈骗某人 3.
35、go for a ride 兜风 riddle rd()l n.谜语； 短语：1. the answer to a riddle 谜底 e.g.Who knows the answer to the riddle? 谁知道谜底？ 2. read a riddle 猜谜 right rat adj.正确的, 对的;右边的n.右边;权利 -Do you want to join us for dinner?你愿意和我们一起吃饭吗? -All right! 好哇!all right同意，赞同 He didnt answer right away.他没有立即回答。right away立刻，马上 短语：
36、1. all right 同意，赞同 8 2. do the right thing 做得好 3. right away 立刻，马上 4. right here 就在这里 5.right now 就在现在 6. by rights 按理；照理 7. in the right 有里 ring (rang, rung) r v. 响；打电话；n.戒指 I rang you up last night, but you were out.昨天晚上我给你打电话了，但是你出去了。ring sb.给某人打电话 短语：1.ring (up) sb. 2.give sb. a ring rise (rose,
37、 risen) raz v.升起；长出； e.g. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. risk rsk n.C, U危险；风险 He decided to do it even at the risk of being laughed at.他决定即使冒着被人嘲笑的危险也要做它。 at the risk of doing sth冒可能做某事的危险月 river rv n河；江 road rd n.路；行车道 短语：1.by road rob rb vt.抢夺，抢劫 They robbed the people of their li
38、berty.他们夺走了人民的自由。 【rob sb. of sth.抢夺某人某物 robot rbt n.机器人；自动机 rock rk n.C岩石；矿石 role rl n. C角色；任务 The Yellow River has played a very important role in transportation. 黄河在运输上起到了非常重要的作用。play an important role in sth. 在某方面起到非常重要的作用 room rum; rm 1C房间；2U地盘；空间 n. e.g. This table takes up too much room.张张桌子占
39、据了太多的空间。 There are many rooms in this restaurant.这个旅馆有许多房间。 rope rp n.粗绳； 短语：1. the rope 绞刑 ； 9 2. give sb. enough rope 任某人为所欲为终将自作自受。 3. a rope of 一串。 4. tie sth. with (a) rope 用绳子捆东西。 rose rz n.玫瑰；蔷薇花 round rand adv.环绕地, prep围绕，四处；adj. 环形的；弧形的；圆的 He stood there looking all round.他站在那儿环顾四周。 row r v
40、. C(一)排，(一)行; 划船，泛舟，v.划船 Can you row me .crams the river?你能划船将我送到河的上游/对岸吗? rubber rb n. C,U橡胶；橡皮 My classmate borrowed my rubber and forgot to return it 我的同学借了我的像皮忘了还。 rubbish rb n.废料；垃圾； The dustman cornea once a week to collect the rubbish.清洁工每周来收一次垃圾。 rude rud adj.无理的，粗鲁的 Hes rude to her friends
41、and obsessively jealous. 他对她的朋友粗鲁无礼而且过分嫉妒。 rule rul n. C规则；章程 ; v. 统治，规定 Its against the rule to pick up the ball.捡球是犯规的。 短语：1.break the rules 违反规则,打破,违反规章制度 ruler rul n. 统治者；尺子 run (ran, run) rn v.跑；逃避 经营 He was so unhappy that he tried to run away from school.他实在太苦恼了，试图逃离学校。run away from sb. /sth.
42、逃避某人或某物】 We have run out of rice. Will you buy some at the grain shop nearby?我们的米已经吃完了，到附近粮店买些好吗?(run out of sth.用完，耗尽 短语：1.run after sb. 追赶某人 2.run away from sb. 突然离开某人或某处 3.run into sb. 偶然遇见某人 4.run out of sth/run sth out 用完，耗尽 rush r v.冲；奔腾 A group of small children suddenly rushed into the room.突然一群小孩涌进屋来。 短语：1.rush into 冲进去 2.rush out of 冲出来 3.run into doing sth 仓促行事 10 n.大量急需， 急购 Russia r n.俄国 Russian r()n n.俄国人；俄语 11
