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1、医学英语新教材下册重点考试翻译1. The human body is a masterpiece of art. The more one understands the functioning of the body, the greater appreciation one has for it. Even in disease, the body is quite remarkable in attempting to right what is wrong and compensate for it. 人体是一个艺术的杰作。更多的了解身体的功能,将更大的发挥它的价值。即使在疾病时,身
2、体也是非常引人注目，因为它尝试判断对修补错的。 2. Congenital birth defects, mental or physical, may be due to a developmental error resulting from a maternal infection such as rubella or German measles during pregnancy, the use of certain drugs, or the mothers excessive consumption of alcohol. 精神或身体先天性出生缺陷,可能是由于母亲在怀孕期间感染风
3、疹或德国麻疹等,使用某些药物或过度酗酒造成的发育错误。 3. Stress adversely affects the entire body, it reduces the ability of the immune system to counteract disease. Stress causes several diseases of the gastrointestinal system such as peptic ulcers and ulcerative colitis. It also aggravates respiratory ailments asthma, for
4、example and other allergic conditions. 压力对整个身体造成不利影响,它降低了免疫系统抵抗疾病的能力。压力会导致一些胃肠系统疾病如消化性溃疡、溃疡性结肠炎。它还加重呼吸道疾病例如哮喘、和其他过敏性疾病。 4. Signs are objective evidence of disease observed on physical examination, such as abnormal pulse or respiratory rate, fever, and pallor, or abnormal paleness, whereas symptoms a
5、re indication of disease perceived by the patient, such as pain, dizziness, and itching. 迹象是体格检查疾病观察的客观证据,如异常的脉冲或呼吸速率、发烧、苍白,或不正常的苍白,而症状是疾病象征,如疼痛、头晕、和瘙痒。 5. The aftermath of a particular disease is called the sequela, a sequel. The permanent damage to the heart after rheumatic fever is an example of
6、a sequela, as is the paralysis of polio. The sterility resulting from severe inflammation of the fallopian tubes is also a sequela. 后一个特定的疾病称为后遗症,续集。对心脏的永久性损伤风湿热后遗症的一个例子后,脊髓灰质炎的瘫痪。不育造成严重的输卵管炎症也是一个后遗症。 1. In the early days, the CDC did not have an official name for the disease, often referring to it
7、by way of the diseases that were associated with it, for example, lymphadenopathy, the disease after which the discoverers of HIV originally named the virus. 在早期，CDC没有该病的一个正式的名称，通常指的是它的方式，与它相关的疾病，例如，淋巴结肿大，病后，HIV病毒发现者命名为。 2. Since then, much research has been directed towards pinpointing the changes
8、in the human immune system due to infection, seeking ways of reversing these changes, or supplementing the compromised immune system to hold the infection in check. 自那时以来，大量的研究已针对精确定位在人类免疫系统的变化，由于感染，寻求逆转这些变化的方法，或补充免疫系统抑制感染。 3. The drug mixture typically contains a so-called nucleoside analog, which
9、blocks genetic replication, and inhibitors of two enzymes that are critical enzyme in the making of new virus (protease and reverse transcriptase). 药物混合物通常包含一个所谓的核苷类似物，阻碍基因复制，和两个酶在新病毒的关键酶抑制剂。 4. Treatment strategies, vaccine-based or otherwise, will need to address the different isolates of the AIDS
10、 virus that are present in various regions of the globe. 治疗策略为基础的疫苗，否则，将需要针对不同的艾滋病病毒，目前在全球各地区的菌株。 5. Research to improve current treatments includes decreasing side effects of current drugs, further simplifying drug regimens to improve adherence, and determining better sequences of regimens to manag
11、e drug resistance. 研究改善目前的治疗包括减少当前药物的副作用,进一步简化提高药物依从性的药物治疗方案,确定更好的方案来管理序列耐药性。 1. For severely affected preschoolers, the diagnosis may not be difficult, but in less obvious cases, parents may resist believing the child has any problems or may be convinced the child will grow out of it. 严重影响学龄前儿童的诊断并
12、不困难,但在不太明显的情况下,父母可能抵制相信孩子有任何问题或者可能被说服孩子会长大。 2. ADHD must also be differentiated from several conditions that can be present concurrently, such as learning disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder and mood disorder. 多动症也必须有区别的几个条件,可以同时存在,如学习障碍、品行障碍、对立违抗障碍、焦虑障碍和情绪障碍。
13、 3. Psychopharmacological treatment with psychostimulants is widely used and is effective in up to 90% of ADHD children. Other medications used in clinical practice include some antidepressants and clonidine. 精神药理学治疗喷射器袭击得到了广泛地应用,并有效的多动症儿童的90%。其他药物用于临床实践包括一些抗抑郁药和氯压定。 4. It was previously thought tha
14、t children outgrew their symptoms in adolescence, and it was possible to stop medications as the child got older. Recently there has been increasing focus on adolescents and adults treated as children who continue to show some or all of the symptoms of ADHD on follow-up. 人们以前认为孩子在青春期,超越他们的症状,有可能停止药物
15、当孩子长大。最近有越来越多的关注青少年和成年人视为孩子继续显示的部分或全部在后续多动症的症状。 5. An 8-year-old girl, the only child of an intact middle-class family, was brought to the child psychiatry outpatient clinic at the medical center because she was doing very poorly in the second grade, and the school was considering having her repeat
16、the year. 一个8岁的女孩,一个完整的中产阶级家庭的唯一的孩子,被带到儿童精神病学门诊诊所的医疗中心,因为她做的很差在二年级,和学校正在考虑让她重复。在后续多动症的症状。 1. If cancer prevention fails, detecting cancer as early as possible is important. For many primary sites of cancer, early detection is a reasonable goal and will result in less intense treatment and improved t
17、reatment results. In every instance, a well-conceived management plan is critical. 如果癌症预防失败,尽早检测癌症是很重要的。对许多癌症的主要网站,早期发现是一个合理的目标,将导致没那么强烈的治疗和改善治疗结果。在每一个实例,一个周密的管理计划是至关重要的。 2. Although the plan for evaluation and treatment usually requires the efforts of an interdisciplinary team to obtain optimal res
18、ults, leadership in this enterprise still necessitates a perceptive and knowledgeable coordinating physician who may be an oncologist, the primary-care physician, an internist, or a general surgeon. 尽管计划进行评估和治疗通常需要一个跨学科的团队的努力来获得最优结果,领导本企业仍然需要感知和知识渊博的协调医生可能是一个肿瘤,初级保健医生,内科医生或外科医生。 3. Although the prim
19、ary focus of the initial physical examination is on the presenting symptoms, patients who are being evaluated for the presence of cancer require a complete physical examination and the recording of a complete history so as to elucidate possible sites of metastatic spread of the cancer. 虽然最初的体格检查的主要焦
20、点是呈现症状,患者正在接受癌症需要一个完整的体格检查和记录的一个完整的历史,说明可能的网站转移性癌症扩散 4. To minimize patient discomfort and limit cost, physicians should avoid tests that have a low likelihood of providing useful information and should avoid any tests that provide information similar to that obtained from other tests already perfor
21、med or planned. 减少病人不适和边际成本,医生应避免测试,提供有用信息的可能性较低,应避免任何测试,提供类似的信息从其他测试已经或计划执行。 5. Not only might this offer an obstacle to future administration of effective pain medication, but surgical relief of this problem may be the one thing that can be done to relieve the symptom of most significance to such patients. 这不仅可以提供未来管理的障碍有效的止痛药,但手术缓解这个问题可能的一件事,才能缓解症状urgeon最有意义的病人。 紫夜&整理
