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1、十年考研真题英语阅读最常见的短语十年考研真题阅读最常见的短语(必背) 1. abide by (=be faithful to; obey)忠于；遵守。 2. be absent from.缺席，不在 3. absence or mind (=being absent-minded)心不在焉 4. absorb (=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力(被动语态): be absorbed in全神贯注于近: be engrossed in; be lost in; be rapt in; be concentrated on; be focused on; be c
2、entered on 5. (be) abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with)富于,富有 6. access (to) (不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解 7. by accident (=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident (=safely)安全地, 8. of ones own accord (=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地 9. in accord with与一致. out of ones accord with
3、同.不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with)依照,根据 12. on ones own account 1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益2)(=at ones own risk)自行负责3)(=by oneself)依靠自己on account赊账; on account of因为; on no account不论什么原因也不; of account有.重要性. 13. takeinto account (=consider)把.考虑进
4、去 14. give sb. an account of说明,解释(理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for)解释,说明. 16. on account of (=because of)由于,因为. 17. on no account (=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 18. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth.; blame sth. on sb.; complain about)指控,控告 19. be accu
5、stomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于. 20. be acquainted with (=to have knowledge of)了解; (=to have met socially)熟悉 21. act on奉行,按照行动; act as扮演; act for代理 22. adapt oneself to (=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于 23. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need)改编,改写(以适应新的需要) 24. in addition (=besid
6、es)此外,又,加之 25. in addition to (=as well as, besides, other than)除外 26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief)粘附;坚持,遵循 27. adjacent (=next to, close to)毗邻的,临近的 28. adjust.(to) (=change slightly)调节;适应; 29. admit of (=be capable of, lea
7、ve room for) 的可能，留有的余地. 30. in advance (before in time)预告,事先. 31. to advantage有利的,使优点更加突出地. 32. have an advantage over胜过. have the advantage of由于处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 34. agree with赞同(某人意见) a
8、gree to同意 35. in agreement (with)同意,一致 36. ahead of在之前,超过;. ahead of time提前. 37. in the air 1)不肯定,不具体. 2)在谣传中. 38. above all (=especially, most important of all)尤其是,最重要的. 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether)总共,总计 40. after all毕竟,到底; (not) at all一点也不; all at once (=suddenly)突然; o
9、nce and for all只此一次; above all最重要的; first of all首先; all in all大体上说; be all in累极了; all but几乎. 41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account)考虑到,估计到. 42. amount to (=to be equal to)总计,等于. 43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)对负责. 44. answer to (=con
10、form to)适合,符合. 45. be anxious about为焦急不安;或anxious for 46. apologize to sb. for sth.为向道歉 47. appeal to sb. for sth.为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力 48. apply to sb. for sth.为向申请; apply for申请; apply to适用. 49. apply to与有关;适用 50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, rig
11、ht)赞成, approve vt.批准 51. arise from (=be caused by)由引起. 52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth.安排做 53. arrive on到达; arrive at到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in到达某地(大地方); 54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done)以为羞耻 55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向保
12、证,使确信. 56. attach (to) (=to fix, fasten; join)缚,系,结 57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.)试图做 58. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意,照顾; attend on (upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after)侍候,照料 59. attitude to/ toward 对的态度.看法 60. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the result of
13、)把.归因于.,认为.是.的结果 61. on the average (=on average, on an average)平均 62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of, having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道. 63. at the back of (=behind)在后面 64. in the back of在后部(里面); on the back of在后部(外面); be on ones back (=be ill in bed)卧病不起. 65. at ones back (=supporting or f
14、avoring sb.)支持,维护; have sb. at ones back有支持,有作后台 66. turn ones back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way)不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃 67. behind ones back背着某人(说坏话) 68. be based on / upon基于 69. on the basis of根据,在基础上 70. beatat在运动项目上打赢 71. begin with以开始. to begin with (=first of all)首先,第一(经常用于开始语) 个人经验分享：
15、 考研复习与考试过程中，科目专业知识繁多，需要接收的知识量非常大，对阅读量要求都非常的高，考试时也要阅读很多字的试题，大家一定要学会提高效率，如果没有学会提高效率，无论是复习还是考试，时间都非常拮据，成功几率很低。建议平时要学会快速阅读的习惯，一般人每分钟才看200字左右，我们要学会一眼尽量多看几个字，甚至是以行来计算，把我们的速读提高，然后再提高阅读量。学会快速阅读，在复习过程中效率非常高，在考试过程中也能够节省大量的时间，赢得考试。在我们一眼多看几个字的时候，还能高度的集中我们的思维，大大的利于归纳总结，养成习惯后，非常利于政治英语数学以及各个专业课的复习、考试。我在去年有幸学习了快速阅读
16、，以前一个月才能读完的书现在五六天不到就能够读完，主要是复习速度和效率变化非常的明显。我读本科的成绩不怎么好，考研我妈说我只是碰运气，最后的成绩却比我们班上成绩很好的同学还高，连我自己都有些意想不到，速读记忆的习惯绝对要记头等功。推荐大家一个训练速读的软件，就是去年我用过的那个，找了好半天，给大家找到了下载的地址，这里直接给做了个超链接，先按住键盘最左下角的“ctrl”按键不要放开，然后鼠标点击此行文字就可以下载了。认真练习，练上20小时就够用了，很快就能够看到效果！ 最后还要补充一点就是，入考场之前的状态吧，宝剑一出谁与争锋，有必胜的把握，舍我其谁的自信。但绝不是骄傲。当你看到大纲应该大体想
17、起厚厚的指南，看到指南很快就能总结重点。可以自己就出一份题。此时无所谓押题不押题，成功就在手中。 此段是纯粹个人经验分享，可能在多个地方看见，大家读过的就不用再读了，只是希望能和更多的童鞋分享，让大家多走捷径。最后记得一定要多看多读多记！按照我文中所说的，进行逐一突击！成功就在对岸！ 大家在复习的过程中，有需要和我交流的请回论坛的帖子给我留言，我会一一回复。 72. on behalf of (=as the representative of)以名义 73. believe in (=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true)相
18、信,依赖,信仰. 74. benefit (from)受益,得到好处. 75. for the benefit of为了的利益(好处) 76. for the better好转 77. get the better of (=defeat sb.)打败,胜过. 78. by birth在出生上,论出身,按血统at birth在出生时; give birth to出生 79. blame sb. for sth.因责备某人. blame sth. on sb.把推在某人身上 80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom
19、开花(强调动作) 81. on board到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机 82. boast of (or about)吹嘘 83. out of breath喘不过气来 84. in brief (=in as few words as possible)简言之 85. in bulk成批地,不散装的 86. take the floor起立发言 87. on business出差办事. 88. be busy with sth.于某事。 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 89. last but one倒数第二. 90. but for (=without)要不是.表示假设 9
20、1. buy sth. formoney用多少钱买 92. be capable of能够,有能力be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被的 93. in any case (=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何 94. in case (=for fear that)万一; 95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生万一in the case of至于,就而言 96. in no case在任何情况下
21、都不(放句首倒装句) 97. be cautious of谨防 98. center ones attention on (=focus ones attention on)把某人的注意力集中在上 99. be certain of (=be sure of)有把握,一定. 100. for certain of (=for sure)肯定地,有把握 101. by chance (=accidentally, by accident)偶然 102. for a change换换环境(花样等) 103. charge sb. with 控告某人犯有 104. in charge of (=re
22、sponsible for)负责(某事) in the charge of 由管 105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾) 106. chargefor因索取(费用), charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有 107. round the clock (=all day and all night, usually without stopping)昼夜不停地 108. comment on评论 109. commit oneself to使自己承担 commit sb. to prison把某人
23、送进监狱; commit ones idea to writing把某人的想法写下来; commit a matter to a committee把某事交给委员会讨论 110. in common (和)有共同之处,共用. be common to sb.是与某人所共有的 111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together)和要好. 112. comparewith 把与比较 113. compareto把比作 114. by comparison比较起来 115. in comparison with (=in contrast
24、 to)和比起来 116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for)补偿,赔偿,弥补compensate sb. for sth.赔偿,弥补 117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告; complain about抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.)向某人抱怨; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维) 118. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order
25、, rule etc.)遵守,依从 119. conceive of (think of, imagine, consider)想象,设想 120. concentrate on (or upon)集中,专心 121. be concerned with (=about)与有关 122. concern oneself about / with关心 123. in conclusion (=as the last thing)最后一点; at the conclusion of当结束时; 124. condemn sb. to判决 125. on condition that (=if)以为条
26、件,假如. in that = because因为; now that = since既然；for all that = although尽管 126. in / out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit)健康状况好/不好. in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态 127. confess (to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认,供认; confess to a crime承认罪行. 128. confide in (=to talk freely t
27、o sb. about ones secret)对讲真心话,依赖 129. in confidence推心置腹地; with confidence满怀信心地; have confidence in对有信心 130. confidence in sb. / sth.对的信赖 131. be confident of有信心; confidential机密的 132. confineto把限制在某范围内 133. confirm sb. in使某人更坚定(信念等) 134. conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;1) obey
28、服从; 2) observe; 3) comply with照办; 4) keep to遵循; 5) abide by服从;6) stick to按.做 135. be confronted with (=be brought face to face with)面对,面临 136. congratulate sb. on祝贺 137. in connection with (=with regard to)关于, 138. be conscious of (=be aware of)觉察,知道 139. consent to (=give agreement to permission)同意
29、 140. in consequence (=as a result)结果 141. in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于的结果 142. under consideration在考虑中 143. in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of)由于 144. on no consideration (in no case)无论如何也不 145. takeinto consideration (=take account of, takeinto account)考虑到
30、,把考虑进去 146.considerate (=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的,考虑他人需要的, considerable相当大的,值得考虑的 147. consist of (=be composed of)由组成的. consist in主要在于. consist with符合,与一致 148. be consistent with (=be in agreement with)与一致. be consistent in一贯的, 149. consult sb. on/ about sth.向征求方面的意见,就向请教 150. to ones hearts con
31、tent尽情地,痛痛快快 151. be content with (=be satisfied with)满足于be content to do sth.愿意做某事 152. contrary to (=in opposition to)与相反 153. on the contrary相反 154. contrastwith把与相对(对照) 155. in contrast to/with和形成对比；by contrast对比之下 156. contribute to有助于 157. under control (被)控制住out of control无法控制 158. at ones co
32、nvenience (=where and when it suits one)在方便的时间或地点. be convenient to / for对方便 159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人确信, try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做 160. cope with (=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付,处理 161. in the corner (of)在角落里; on (at) the co
33、mer of a street在街道拐弯处; round the comer拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境 162. correspond (with) (=exchange letters regularly)通信 163. correspond to相当于. correspond with符合,一致 164. at all costs不惜任何代价. at the cost of以为代价 165. a matter of course理所当然的事 166. as a matter of course当然地,自然地 167. in (during) the cour
34、se在过程中 168. in due course (=without too much delay)没经过太久,到一定时候 169. on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to ones credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. credit使感到光荣 170. be critical of爱挑毛病的，批评的 171. cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病 172. a danger to对的危险; be in danger (of)处于危险中; be out of danger脱离危险 173. to date (=so far, until now)到
35、目前为止 174. out of date过时的；up to date新式的,时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from从某时期开始(有) 175. deal with (=concern)论及 176. be in debt to sb.欠的债 177. on the decline在衰退中,在减少中in decline下降; on the increase在增加 178. to ones delight令某人感到高兴；to ones regret遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief安心; distress苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise惊奇; aston
36、ishment惊奇; 179. delight in (=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢,取乐 180. take (a) delight in喜欢干,以为乐 181. demand sth. of sb.向某人要求(非物质的)东西. demand sth. from sb.向某人要求(物质的)东西 182. in demand有需求; on demand受到要求时 183. be dependent on依靠 184. deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某物 185. derivefrom (=obtainfrom)从取得,由来的. de
37、rive from (=come from)起源于 186. despair of (=lose all hope of)绝望 187. in despair绝望 188. despite (=in spite of)不管,尽管 189. in detail详细地 190. deviate from偏离,不按办 191. on a diet吃某种特殊饮食,节食 192. differ fromin与的区别在于 193. in difficulties有困难,处境困难, 194. discharge sb. (from)for (=dismiss sb. from a job for)因解雇,开
38、除 195. fall back (=retreat, turn back)撤退; in disorder慌乱地,狼狈不堪 196. on display (=being shown publicly)陈列 197. dispose of (=get rid of, throw away)处理掉 198. beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议 199. in dispute在争议中 200. in the distance在远处. make out辩认出 201. (be) distinct from (= be different from)与截然不同 202. distingu
39、ish between (=make or recognize differences)辨别 203. distinguishfrom把与区别开 204. do away with (=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate)除去,废除,取消; do away with (=kill)杀掉,镇压 205. haveto do with与有关系 206. without doubt (=undoubtedly)无可置疑地 207. in doubt (=in a condition of uncertainty)对表示疑惑 208. be due to是由于
40、 209. come off duty下班 210. go on duty上班 211. be on duty值班,值日,在上班时 212. be in duty bound to (do) (=be required by ones job or esp. by conscience)有义务(做) 213. be eager for想得到,盼望 214. by ear (=play music from memory without having seen it printed)凭记忆,不看乐谱 215. have an ear for (=have keen recognition of
41、sounds esp. in music and language)对.有鉴赏力 216. a word in ones ear私房话,秘密话 217. on earth究竟,到底,全然 218. with ease (= easily)容易,不费力 219. at (ones) ease (= without worry or nervousness)自在,不拘束 220. put sb. at his / her ease (=free sb. from worry or nervousness)使某人感到无拘束 221. economize on (=save sth. instead
42、of being wasteful)节省 222. have an effect on对有影响 223. be in effect (=be in operation)有效 224. go into effect生效. (近: come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect) 225. in effect (=in fact, really)实际上 226. give effect to (=carry out)实行,使生效 227. to no effect不起作用,没有取得任何效果 228. (be) of no effect (
43、=useless)无效 229. to the effect that大意是,主要内容是 230. to that effect是那个意思的 231. emerge from (=appear, become known)出现,暴露(问题.意见等) 232. place (or put, lay) an emphasis on强调,把重点放在上 233. encourage sb. in鼓励; encourage sb. in his/her work鼓励某人工作; encourage sb. in his/her idleness怂恿某人游手好闲 234. encourage sb. in
44、with sth.用鼓励某人做某事 235. on end (=continuously)连续地 236. (be) at an end (=finished)结束了 237. no end of (=very many/much)很多,大量 238. in the end (=finally, eventually)最终 239. at ones wits end (=not knowing what to do or to say)无法可想,智穷计尽 240. end up with以而结束 241. come to and end (=finish)结束 242. end in以为结束
45、243. engage in或be engaged in忙于,从事 244. enter for (=put the name on a list for)报名参加 245. enter into (=begin)开始(谈话,谈判等) 246. enter on / upon (=begin)开始(一个时代.一种生涯.一段任期等) 247. be entitled to (=be given the right to do sth.)有权,有资格 248. be equal to等于 249. be/ feel equal to (=have enough strength, ability
46、etc.) (某人)能胜任,能应付on equal terms (=on and equal footing)平等地 250. be equipped with装备有,装有 251. (be) equivalent to (=equal in value, amount, meaning)相等于,相当于 252. in essence (=in its/ones nature)本质上 253. at all events (=in spite of everything, in any case)不论怎样,无论如何 254. in any event (=whatever happens in
47、 the future)无论如何,不管(将来)怎么样 255. in the event that (=if)假如,如果. in the event结果,实际情况是(常与but连用) 256. in the event of (=in case of)万一,即使发生.时 257. except除以外; besides除以外还有. 258. except (=but)除了。 259. except for (=apart from)除以外 260. (an) exception to 的例外 261. with the exception of (=except, apart from)除去.,
48、除以外 262. in excess of (=more than)超过 263. exchangefor以交换 264. exclusive of (=not taking into account; without)不包括 265. in excuse of作为的借口 266. exerton对施加 267. exert oneself to do sth.努力,使劲 268. come into existence (=begin to exist)开始存在; come into use开始使用; come into effect开始运转; come into fashion开始时新; come into action开始行动; come into power开始执政; come into sight进入视野; come into blossom开花; 269. (be) in existence存在come into existence出现 270. expectof在期望 271. at the expense of在损害情况下,以为牺牲 272. exposeto使暴露于,使受(危险,风险) 273. be exposed to
