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1、口译政治经济类口译必备: 政治与经济类词汇 Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放 The theory of building socialism with Chinese 建设有中国特色的社会主义理论 characteristics The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论 One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点 Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心 Adhere to the four cardi
2、nal principles 坚持四项基本原则 Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放 Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革， wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, 扩大开放，促进发展， maintaining stability 保持稳定 Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist 是否有利
3、于发展社会主义生产力 productive forces Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall 是否有利于增强综合国力 strength of the country Whether it would be beneficial to raising peoples living 是否有利于提高人民生活水平 standard Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体 Common development of multi-econo
4、mic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展 Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立 Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革 Relationships among reform, development and stability改革发展和稳定的关系 Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展 Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步 Strengthen the positi
5、on of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位 Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力 Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制 A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施 Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策 Reform measures 改革措施 Speed up reform 加快改革 Reform of economic system 经济体制改革 Refo
6、rm of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革 Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理 Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革 Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革 Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革 Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革 Reform of personnel system 人事
7、制度改革 Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革 Reform of housing system 住房制度改革 Planning system 计划管理体制 Transferring the function of government 转换*职能 Open door policy 开放政策 Open economy 开放经济 Open-door to the outside world 对外开放 Opening up 扩大开放 Open domestic market 开放国内市场 Introduce foreign capital, advan
8、ced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和 managerial experiences 管理经验 Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区 Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区 One country, two systems 一国两制 Special administrative region 特别行政区 Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制 to the house
9、hold Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距 Eliminate poverty 消除贫困 Common prosperity 共同富裕 ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济 Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济 Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分 State-owned economy 国有经济 Non-state economy 非国有经济 Collective economy 集体经济 Individual economy
10、个体经济 Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存 Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展 National economic budget 国民经济预算 Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展 Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略 Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论 Macroeconomic decision
11、宏观经济决策 Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象 Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济 Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展 Commodity economy 商品经济 Market economy 市场经济 Free market economy 自由市场经济 Developed market economy 发达的市场经济 Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济 Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济 Mature market econ
12、omy 成熟市场经济 Market economy country 市场经济国家 Extensive economy 粗放型经济 Intensive economy 集约型经济 Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为 mode into intensive one 集约型经济 Mixed economy 混合经济 Regional economy 地区经济 Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济 Closed economy 闭关自守经济 Economic growth point 经济增长点 Economic growth
13、mode 经济增长方式 Economic growth rate 经济增长率 Economy measure 经济手段 Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济 Economic situation 经济形势 Economic cycle 经济周期 Economic fluctuation 经济波动 Economic miracle 经济奇迹 Economic take-off 经济起飞 Economic recovery 经济复苏 Economic potential 经济潜力 Economic sanction 经济制裁 Global economy 全球经济 Econ
14、omic globalization 经济全球化 Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化 International economic integration 国际经济一体化 New international economic order 国际新经济秩序 Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化 Economic community 经济共同体 MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控 Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控 Soft landing 软着路 Macro-economic si
15、tuation 宏观经济形势 Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活 Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整 Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制 Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策 Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策 Moderately tight credit polic
16、y 适度从紧的信贷政策 Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策 Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量 Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量 Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定 Cheap money policy 低息货币政策 Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整 Cut interest rate 降低利率 Control of interest rate 利率控制 Deflation po
17、licy 紧缩政策 Market intervention 市场干预 State intervention 国家干预 Administrative interference 行政干预 Administrative intervention 行政干预 Administrative measure 行政措施 Economy measure 经济手段 Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制 Overheated economy 过热的经济 Consumer price index 消费品价格指数 Commodity price index 商品物价指数 Retail price
18、index 零售物价指数 Average price index 平均物价指数 Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数 Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制 Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀 Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀 Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀 Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀 Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀 Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀 Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀 Stagflatio
19、n 经济停滞型的通货膨胀 Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素 Inflation of credit 信用膨胀 Inflation rate 通货膨胀率 Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力 Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀 Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热 Development zone craze 开发区热 Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给 Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡 Supply and demand relation 供求关系
20、 Supply over demand 供过于求 Supply exceeds demand 供过于求 Economic crisis 经济危机 Economic depression 经济萧条 MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理 Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系 and operation of State assets Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革 Clearl
21、y defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开， responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学 management and adopting scientific management Regulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例 of the state-owned enterprises Laws and regulations on the administration of
22、国有资产管理法律法规 state-owned property Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展， for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束 and self-reliance Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变* government from those of enterprises and alter the 经济管理职能 gover
23、nments role in economic management Safeguard state property 保卫国有资产 Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失 Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失 Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革 Definition of property rights 产权界定 Clarification of property rights 明晰产权 Registration
24、of property rights 产权登记 Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检 Certificate of title 产权证书 Change of registration 变更登记 Change of title 产权变更 Transfer of property rights 产权转让 Transaction of property rights 产权交易 Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构 Inspection of assets 资产清查 Re-eval
25、uation of fixed assets 固定资产重估 Asset appraisal 资产评估 Productive assets 经营性资产 Non-productive assets 非经营性资产 Return on assets 资产收益 Balance sheet 资产负债表 Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表 Reform of State-Owned Enterprises国有企业改革 Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度 Readjust and reorg
26、anize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组 promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质 overall quality of the State sector of the economy Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和 enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团 Develop trans-regional and inter-trade ent
27、erprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团 groups Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造 Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制 partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售 and sell-off Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的 policy towards small ones Give small Sta
28、te-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业 Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并， merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业 Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产 or go bankrupt Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员 Re-employment funds 再就业基金 Consci
29、entiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理 management of enterprises Strengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理 Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理 Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债 channels Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓
30、好企业扭亏增盈 increase profits Develop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式 Alleviate enterprises social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担 By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造 technology Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制 the inferior Enjoy more decision-making power 享有更
31、多的决策权 Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股 Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权 in export independently Protect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益 Technological upgrading 技术改造 Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革 Deepening of the reform of State-owned
32、 enterprises 深化国有企业改革 Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度 Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组 Transform the enterprises management mechanisms of State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制 Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整 Industrial policy 产业政策 Support and develop large enterprises and rele
33、ase small enterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业 Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can be turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司 Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制 Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比 State-owned indepe
34、ndent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业 Pioneer enterprise 试点企业 Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权 Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构 Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置 Optimize investment structure 优化投资结构 Recapitalization 调整资本结构 Capital reorganization 资本重组 Promote rational flow of
35、property right 促进产权合理流动 Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效 Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制 Project capital system 项目资本金制度 Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制 Responsibility for ones own profit and loss 自负盈亏 Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制 Unreasonable economic
36、 structure 不合理的经济结构 Unreasonable product structure 不合理的产品结构 Repeated construction 重复建设 Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进 Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义 Government supervision *监督 Operating strategy 经营战略 Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式 Backw
37、ard in management 管理落后 Relying on government subsidy 依赖*补贴 Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴 Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担 Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力 Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购 Encourage merger 鼓励兼并 Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策 Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规
38、范破产程序 Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产 Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度 Re-employment projects 再就业工程 Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业 Laid-off workers 下岗职工 ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司 Central enterprise 中央企业 Local enterprise 地方企业 Backbone enterprise 骨干企业 Lar
39、ge and medium enterprise 大中型企业 State-owned enterprise 国有企业 Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业 State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业 Corporate enterprise 股份制企业 Collective enterprise 集体企业 Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业 Township enterprise 乡镇企业 Partnership enterprise 合伙企业 Individual enterprise 个体企业 Foreign-f
40、unded enterprise 外资企业 Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业 Small business 小企业 Primary industry 第一产业 Secondary industry 第二产业 Tertiary industry 第三产业 Corporate Law 公司法 Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法 Independent legal entities 独立法人 Board of directors 董事会 Board of supervisors 监事会 Shareholders conference 股东大会 Entr
41、epreneur 企业家 Firm 公司，企业 Company 公司 Incorporation 公司 Corporation 股份公司 Group of enterprises 企业集团 Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业 Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司 Controlling company 控股公司 Holding company 控股公司 Bank holding company 银行控股公司 Company with limited liability 有限责任公司 State-owned holding company 国家控股公
42、司 Public company 上市公司 Private company 非上市公司 Listed company 上市公司 Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司 Parent company 母公司 Subsidiary company 子公司 Group company 集团公司 Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团 International conglomerate 跨国企业集团 International corporation 跨国公司 Multinational corporation 跨国公司 Multinationa
43、l market group 跨国市场集团 Banking institution 金融机构 Banking sector 银行部门 Intermediary bank 中介银行 Development bank 开发银行 Commercial bank 商业银行 Investment bank 投资银行 Credit bank 信贷银行 Cooperative bank 合作银行 Mortgage bank 抵押银行 Clearing bank 清算银行 Credit union 信用社 Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构 Financing cor
44、poration 金融公司 Securities company 证券公司 Underwriting company 担保公司 Loan and trust company 信托公司 Insurance company 保险公司 Life insurance company 人寿保险公司 Utility company 公共事业公司 MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购 Reorganization 重组 Association 联合 Merger 兼并 Acquisition 收购 Joint stock partnership 股份合作 Leasing 出租 Contr
45、act operation 承包经营 Auction 拍卖 Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团 Strategic acquisition 战略性收购 Combination of enterprise 企业合并 Concentric acquisition 集中收购 Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并 Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并 Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并 Leveraged buy-out (LBOs
46、) 杠杆收购 Stock merger 股票兼并 Vertical acquisition 纵向收购 Vertical merger 纵向兼并 Vertical consolidation 纵向合并 Vertical integration 纵向合并 Horizontal merger 横向兼并 Horizontal acquisition 横向收购 Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并 Horizontal integration 横向联合 Acquisition cost 收购成本 Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业 Corporate re
47、organization 公司重组 Bankruptcy Law 破产法 Bankruptcy code chapter 7- liquidation 破产法第七章 清算 Bankruptcy code 11 - reorganization 破产法第十一章 重组 Act of bankruptcy 破产法案 Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法 Bankruptcy court 破产法庭 Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人 Bankruptcy notice 破产公告 Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产 Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告
48、破产 Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破产法庭内的协调 Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不经破产法庭的协调 Creditors equity 债权人权益 Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人 Creditors meeting 债权人会议 Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人 MARKET AND COMPETITION 市场和竟争 Commodity market 商品市场 Securities market 证券市场 Bond market 债券市场 Stock market 股票市场 Futures market 期货市场 Options market 期权市场 Property rights market 产权市场 Capital market 资本市场 Free market 自由市场 Labour market 劳动力市场 Flea market 跳蚤市场 Bear market 股票市场的熊市 Bull market 股票市场的牛市 Market competition 市场竟争 Market development 市场开发 Market forecast 市场预测 Mark
