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1、托福听力及阅读专业词汇 为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，给大家整理了,下面就和大家分享托福听力及阅读专业词汇，来欣赏一下吧。托福听力及阅读专业词汇：地理学geography地理学geographer地理学家hemisphere半球meridian子午线/经线parallel平行圈latitude纬线longitude经度elevation 海拔altitude高度/海拔temperate latitudes温带地区horizon地平线?equator赤道tropic热带地区Arctic/the north pole北极Antarctic(Antarctica)南极(南极洲)the Antarct
2、ic continent南极洲Antarctic circle南极圈Aurora极光Tropic of Cancer北回归线Tropic of Capricorn南回归线international date line国际日期变更线time difference时差expedition探险time zone时区topography地形/地形学plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地oasis绿洲peak山峰cavern(cave) 洞穴terrain地域subterranean(underground)地底下coastland沿海地区coastline
3、海岸线watershed分水岭upper reaches上游lower reaches下游tributary支流deposit沉积spring/fountain泉水?iceberg冰山riverbed河床gulf/bay海湾waterfall瀑布reef暗礁tide潮水tropical rain forest热带雨林island岛屿continental island大陆岛volcanic island火山岛coral island珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛archipelago群岛delta三角洲landlocked area内陆continent大陆inland wate
4、rway内陆河subcontinent次大陆range山脉cliff山崖valley山谷，峡谷hillside/mountain slope山坡continental shelf大陆架canyon峡谷?channel(strait)海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的/陆地的terrestrial heat(geothermal)地热terrestrial magnetism(geomagnetism)地磁continental drift theory大陆漂移学说sea-floor spreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oce
5、an bottom海床sediment沉淀物/沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的formation形成frost heaving冻涨现象fieldstone卵石托福听力及阅读专业词汇：动物学zoology 动物学Darwinism 达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择class 纲order 目family 科genus 属suborder 亚目species 种invertebrate 无脊椎动物vertebrate 脊椎动物aquatic(life) 水生动物reptile 爬行动物amphibian(amphibious animal
6、) 两栖动物protozoa 原生动物rodent 啮齿动物(如松鼠)ruminant 反刍(chu)动物cold-blooded animal 冷血动物warm-blooded animal 温血动物parasitic animal 寄生动物primate 灵长动物plankton 浮游生物mollusk 软体动物coelenterate 腔肠动物herbivore 食草动物carnivore 食肉动物dinosaur 恐龙bird 鸟类extinction 灭绝mammal 哺乳动物Primates 灵长目动物insect 昆虫antenna(pl: antennae) 触须larva 幼
7、虫/幼体camouflage 伪装pest 害虫worm 虫(蠕虫)hibernate 冬眠lizard 蜥蜴chameleon 变色蜥蜴regeneration 再生turtle 龟beast 野兽domesticate 驯养predatory(carnivorous) 食肉的predator 捕食者prey 捕食，被捕食的动物scavenger 食腐动物migrate 迁移?wing 翅膀/翼bill(鸟)嘴beak (鹰等的)嘴nest 筑巢dolphin 海豚whale 鲸鱼bat 蝙蝠gorilla 大猩猩chimpanzee 黑猩猩habitat 栖息地shrimp 小虾prawn
8、 对虾lobster 对虾crab 螃蟹clam 蛤蜊sponge 海绵coral 珊瑚starfish 海星canary 金丝雀chirp (鸟/虫的叫声)唧唧owl 猫头鹰vulture 秃鹫penguin 企鹅 crane 鹤stork 鹳squeak (老鼠等)吱吱porpoise 海豚otter 水獭frog 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪salamander 蝾螈scorpion 蝎子centipede 蜈蚣cicada 蝉?mantis 螳螂wasp 黄蜂hornet 大黄蜂cockroach 蟑螂earthworm 蚯蚓sloth 树獭slothful 懒惰的hygiene 卫生sa
9、nitation 卫生parasite 寄生虫moth 蛾caterpillar 毛虫horde (昆虫等)群swarm (昆虫等)群flock (鸟羊等)群community 动物的群落或人的部落herd 兽群bunch (花等)束/捧beaver 海狸monogamous 一夫一妻的/一雄一雌的polygamous 一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous 一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的?trapper 诱捕动物者rhinoceros 犀牛niche 小生态环境vestige 退化器官/遗迹oyster 牡蛎fertilizer 使受精larva 幼虫tentacle 触角homotherm
10、恒温动物?poikilotherm 变温动物metabolism 新陈代谢baboon 狒狒breed 品种，繁殖multiply (reproduce繁殖)hatch 孵spawn (鱼、虾、蛙等)孵anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物microbe 微生物herbivorous 食草的carnivorous 食肉的omnivorous 杂食的scale 鳞feather 羽毛armor 甲spinal cord 脊椎digestive system 消化系统excretory system 排泄系统统reproductive system 生殖系circula
11、tory system 循环系统respiratory system 呼吸系统hormonal system 内分泌系统antelope 羚羊aphid 蚜虫beluga 白鲸bipedal 两足动物的rare animal 稀有动物托福听力及阅读专业词汇：地质学geology地质学geologist地质学家stratum(pl:strata) ,layer地层stratigraphy地层学crust地壳?mantle地幔core地核continental crust大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳plate板块fault断层fault plane断层面fault zone断层带ri
12、ft(crack, split) 断裂disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石outer core外核igneous rock火成岩metamorphic rock变质岩volcanic火山岩quartz石英quartzite石英岩sedimentary rock沉积岩limestone石灰岩granite花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma/molten lava岩浆mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金/铂silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌
13、nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石the Northern Hemisphere北半球glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch(age,period)冰川期glacial drift冰渍volcano火山active volcano活火山extinct volcano死火山?dormant volcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰earthquake(quake, tre
14、mor, seism)地震seismic地震的seismology地震学geonomy地球学magnitude震级seismic wave地震波?cataclysm灾变tidal force/tsunami海啸melt global warming全球逐渐变暖aquifer蓄水层swamp沼泽vegetation植被Great Canyon大峡谷natural wonder自然景观Nile River尼罗河Colorado river科罗拉多河Geologic survey地质调查Greenwich Mean Time格林尼治时间desert沙漠coastline海岸线tributary支流v
15、olcano eruption火山爆发托福听力及阅读专业词汇：生物学biology生物学biologist生物学家marine biology海洋生物学entomology昆虫学ornithology鸟类学genetics遗传学speciology物种学parasitology寄生虫学dinosaur恐龙die out/extinction灭绝microbiology微生物学paleontology古生物学paleontologist古生物学家mammal哺乳动物barnacle北极鹅underwater水下的marine海洋的scuba水下呼吸器diving潜水/跳水one-celled o
16、rganism单细胞有机体(微生物)jellyfish水母tissue(动植物细胞的)组织protective camouflage保护色predator捕猎者oceanic snail蜗牛reproductive system生殖系统ingestion摄食digestion消化digestive enzyme消化酶cell细胞solitary独居social群居bio-diversity生物多样性metamorphosis变态/变形animal adaptation动物适应性wild environment野生环境owl猫头鹰insecticide杀虫剂prenatal care产后护理ha
17、bitat栖息地squid鱿鱼tentacle触须prey捕食navigate导航tiny receptor接受器specimen范例, 标本, 样本amphibian两栖类动物decline in the number数量减少genetic基因的，遗传的endangered species濒危物?survival活着的transition转变/过渡?mutation变种variation变异anemone海葵antenna触角，天线hibernation冬眠evolution进化?adaptation适应chromosome染色体genetic engineering遗传工程yeast酵母(
18、菌)single-cell单细胞reptile爬行类动物turtle海龟hatch孵化nest巢robin知更鸟wasp黄蜂offspring子孙chew up咀嚼rodent啮齿类动物burro驴子octopus章鱼spider蜘蛛unfertilized eggs未受精的卵nutrient营养品nourishment营养品/食物feed喂养cannibalism同类相食?gene基因respiration system呼吸系统nucleus细胞核protein蛋白质amino acid氨基酸plankton浮游生物heredity遗传mutation of species物种变异specimen范例, 标本, 样本amphibian两栖类动物navigate导航tiny receptor接受器
