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1、合同法中英文对照中华人民共和国合同法 Contract Law of the Peoples Republic of China 总则 第一章 一般规定 第二章 合同的订立 第三章 合同的效力 第四章 合同的履行 第五章 合同的变更和转让 第六章 合同的权利义务终止 第七章 违约责任 第八章 其他规定 分则 第九章 买卖合同 第十章 供用电、水、气、热力合同 第十一章 赠与合同 第十二章 借款合同 第十三章 租赁合同 第十四章 融资租赁合同 第十五章 承揽合同 第十六章 建设工程合同 第十七章 运输合同 第十八章 技术合同 第十九章 保管合同 第二十章 仓储合同 第二十一章 委托合同 第二十二
2、章 行纪合同 第二十三章 居间合同 附则 1 总则General Provisions 第一章 一般规定Chapter 1 General Provisions 第一条 为了保护合同当事人的合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，促进社会主义现代化建设，制定本法。 Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to protect the lawful rights and interests of the contracting parties, to maintain social and economic order, and to promote the proce
3、ss of socialist modernization. 第二条 本法所称合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。 婚姻、收养、监护等有关身份关系的协议，适用其他法律的规定。 Article 2 A contract in this Law refers to an agreement among natural persons, legal persons or other organizations as equal parties for the establishment, modification of a relationship in
4、volving the civil rights and obligations of such entities. Agreements concerning personal relationships such as marriage,adoption, guardianship, etc.shall be governed by the provisions in other laws. 第三条 合同当事人的法律地位平等，一方不得将自己的意志强加给另一方。 Article 3 Contracting parties shall have equal legal status, and
5、no party may impose its will on the other party. 第四条 当事人依法享有自愿订立合同的权利，任何单位和个人不得非法干预。 Article 4 The parties have the right to lawfully enter into a contract of their own free will in accordance with the law, and no unit or individual may illegally interfere therewith. 第五条 当事人应当遵循公平原则确定各方的权利和义务。 Artic
6、le 5 The parties shall adhere to the principle of fairness in deciding their respective rights and obligations. 第六条 当事人行使权利、履行义务应当遵循诚实信用原则。 Article 6 The parties shall observe the principle of honesty and good faith in exercising their rights and performing their obligations. 第七条 当事人订立、履行合同，应当遵守法律、行
7、政法规，尊重社会公德，不得扰乱社会经济秩序，损害社会公共利益。 Article 7 In concluding and performing a contract, the parties shall comply with the laws and administrative regulations, respect social ethics, and shall not disrupt the social and economic order or impair the public interests. 第八条 依法成立的合同，对当事人具有法律约束力。当事人应当按照约定履行自己的义
8、务，不得擅自变更或者解除合同。 2 依法成立的合同，受法律保护。 Article 8 A lawfully established contract shall be legally binding on the parties thereto, each of whom shall perform its own obligations in accordance with the terms of the contract, and no party shall unilaterally modify or terminate the contract. The contract esta
9、blished according to law is protected by law. 第二章 合同的订立Chapter 2 Conclusion of Contracts 第九条 当事人订立合同，应当具有相应的民事权利能力和民事行为能力。 当事人依法可以委托代理人订立合同。 Article 9 In entering into a contract, the parties shall have appropriate capacities for civil rights and civil acts. A party may appoint an agent to enter int
10、o a contract on its behalf in accordance with the law. 第十条 当事人订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。 法律、行政法规规定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。当事人约定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。 Article 10 The parties may use written, oral or other forms in entering into a contract. A contract shall be in written form if the laws or administrative regulations
11、so provide. A contract shall be concluded in written form if the parties so agree. 第十一条 书面形式是指合同书、信件和数据电文等可以有形地表现所载内容的形式。 Article 11 Written form refers to a form such as a written contractual agreement, letter, electronic data text(including a telegram, telex, fax, electronic data exchange and e-ma
12、il)that can tangibly express the contents contained therein. 第十二条 合同的内容由当事人约定，一般包括以下条款： 当事人的名称或者姓名和住所； 标的； 数量； 质量； 价款或者报酬； 履行期限、地点和方式； 违约责任； 解决争议的方法。 当事人可以参照各类合同的示范文本订立合同。 Article 12 The contents of a contract shall be agreed upon by the parties, and shall generally contain the following clauses: (1
13、) titles or names and domiciles of the parties; (2) subject matter; (3) quantity; (4) quality; 3 (5) price or remuneration; (6) time limit, place and method of performance; (7) liability for breach of contract; and (8) method to settle disputes. The parties may conclude a contract by reference to a
14、model text of each kind of contract. 第十三条 当事人订立合同，采取要约、承诺方式。 Article 13 The parties shall conclude a contract in the form of an offer and an acceptance. 第十四条 要约是希望和他人订立合同的意思表示，该意思表示应当符合下列规定： 内容具体确定； 表明经受要约人承诺，要约人即受该意思表示约束。 Article 14 An offer is an expression of an intent to enter into a contract wi
15、th another person. Such expression of intent shall comply with the following: (1) its contents shall be specific and definite; (2) it indicates that the offeror will be bound by the expression of intent in case of acceptance by the offeree. 第十五条 要约邀请是希望他人向自己发出要约的意思表示。寄送的价目表、拍卖公告、招标公告、招股说明书、商业广告等为要约邀
16、请。 商业广告的内容符合要约规定的，视为要约。 Article 15 An invitation for offer is an expression of an intent to invite other parties to make offers thereto. Mailed price lists, public notices of auction and tender, prospectuses and commercial advertisements, etc. are invitations for offer. Where the contents of a comme
17、rcial advertisement meet the requirements for an offer, it shall be regarded as an offer. 第十六条 要约到达受要约人时生效。 采用数据电文形式订立合同，收件人指定特定系统接收数据电文的，该数据电文进入该特定系统的时间，视为到达时间；未指定特定系统的，该数据电文进入收件人的任何系统的首次时间，视为到达时间。 Article 16 An offer becomes effective when it reaches the offeree. If a contract is concluded through
18、 data-telex, and a recipient designates a specific system to receive the date-telex, the time when the data-telex enters such specific system shall be the time of arrival; if no specific system is appointed, the time when the data-telex first enters any of the recipients systems shall be regarded as
19、 the time of arrival. 第十七条 要约可以撤回。撤回要约的通知应当在要约到达受要约人之前或者与要约同时到达受要约人。 Article 17 An offer may be withdrawn. The withdrawal notice shall reach the offeree before or at the same time when the offer arrives. 第十八条 要约可以撤销。撤销要约的通知应当在受要约人发出承诺通知之前到达受要约人。 4 Article 18 An offer may be revoked. The revocation n
20、otice shall reach the offeree before it has dispatched a notice of acceptance. 第十九条 有下列情形之一的，要约不得撤销： 要约人确定了承诺期限或者以其他形式明示要约不可撤销； 受要约人有理由认为要约是不可撤销的，并已经为履行合同作了准备工作。 Article 19 An offer may not be revoked, if (1) the offeror indicates a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise explicitly states that the o
21、ffer is irrevocable; or (2) the offeree has reasons to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and has made preparation for performing the contact. 第二十条 有下列情形之一的，要约失效： 拒绝要约的通知到达要约人； 要约人依法撤销要约； 承诺期限届满，受要约人未作出承诺； 受要约人对要约的内容作出实质性变更。 Article 20 An offer shall lose efficacy under any of the following circ
22、umstances: (1) the notice of rejection reaches the offeror; (2) theofferor revokes the offer in accordance with the law; (3) theofferee fails to dispatch an acceptance before the expiration of the time limit for acceptance; (4) theofferee makes substantial changes to the contents of the offer. 第二十一条
23、 承诺是受要约人同意要约的意思表示。 Article 21 An acceptance is the expression of an intention to by the offeree to assent to the offer. 第二十二条 承诺应当以通知的方式作出，但根据交易习惯或者要约表明可以通过行为作出承诺的除外。 Article 22 The acceptance shall be made in the form of a notice, except where acceptance may be made by an act on the basis of custom
24、ary business practice or as expressed in the offer. 第二十三条 承诺应当在要约确定的期限内到达要约人。 要约没有确定承诺期限的，承诺应当依照下列规定到达： 要约以对话方式作出的，应当即时作出承诺，但当事人另有约定的除外； 要约以非对话方式作出的，承诺应当在合理期限内到达。 Article 23 An acceptance shall reach the offeror within the time limit prescribed in the offer. Where no time limit is prescribed in the
25、offer, the acceptance shall reach the offeror in accordance with the following provisions: (1) if the offer is made in dialogues, the acceptance shall be made immediately unless otherwise agreed upon by the parties; (2) If the offer is made in forms other than a dialogue, the acceptance shall reach
26、the offeror within a reasonable period of time. 5 第二十四条 要约以信件或者电报作出的，承诺期限自信件载明的日期或者电报交发之日开始计算。信件未载明日期的，自投寄该信件的邮戳日期开始计算。要约以电话、传真等快速通讯方式作出的，承诺期限自要约到达受要约人时开始计算。 Article 24 Where an offer is made by letter or telegram, the time limit for acceptance shall accrue from the date shown in the letter or from
27、the date on which the telegram is handed in for dispatch. If no such date is shown in the letter, it shall accrue from the postmark date on the envelope. Where an offer is made by means of instantaneous communication, such as telephone or facsimile,etc. the time limit for acceptance shall accrue fro
28、m the moment that the offer reaches the offeree. 第二十五条 承诺生效时合同成立。 Article 25 A contract is established when the acceptance becomes effective. 第二十六条 承诺通知到达要约人时生效。承诺不需要通知的，根据交易习惯或者要约的要求作出承诺的行为时生效。 采用数据电文形式订立合同的，承诺到达的时间适用本法第十六条第二款的规定。Article 26 An acceptance becomes effective when its notice reaches th
29、e offeror. If notice of acceptance is not required, the acceptance shall become effective when an act of acceptance is performed in accordance with transaction practices or as required in the offer. Where a contract is concluded in the form of date-telex, the time of arrival of an acceptance shall b
30、e governed by the provisions of Paragraph 2, Article 16 of this Law. 第二十七条 承诺可以撤回。撤回承诺的通知应当在承诺通知到达要约人之前或者与承诺通知同时到达要约人。 Article 27 An acceptance may be withdrawn, but a notice of withdrawal shall reach the offeror before or at the same time when the notice of acceptance reaches the offeror. 第二十八条 受要约
31、人超过承诺期限发出承诺的，除要约人及时通知受要约人该承诺有效的以外，为新要约。 Article 28 Where an offeree makes an acceptance beyond the time limit for acceptance, the acceptance shall be a new offer except that the offeror promptly informs the offeree of the effectiveness of the said acceptance. 第二十九条 受要约人在承诺期限内发出承诺，按照通常情形能够及时到达要约人，但因其
32、他原因承诺到达要约人时超过承诺期限的，除要约人及时通知受要约人因承诺超过期限不接受该承诺的以外，该承诺有效。 Article 29 If the offeree dispatched the acceptance within the time limit specified for acceptance, and under normal circumstances the acceptance would have reached the offeror in due time, but due to other reasons the acceptance reaches the off
33、eror after the time limit for acceptance has expired,such acceptance shall be effective, unless the offeror notifies the offeree in a timely manner that it does not accept the acceptance due to the failure of the acceptance to arrive within the time limit. 6 第三十条 承诺的内容应当与要约的内容一致。受要约人对要约的内容作出实质性变更的，为
34、新要约。有关合同标的、数量、质量、价款或者报酬、履行期限、履行地点和方式、违约责任和解决争议方法等的变更，是对要约内容的实质性变更。 Article 30 The contents of an acceptance shall comply with those of the offer. If the offeree substantially modifies the contents of the offer, it shall constitute a new offer. The modification relating to the subject matter, quality
35、, quantity, price or remuneration, time or place or method of performance, liabilities for breach of contract and method of dispute resolution, etc. shall constitute the substantial modification of an offer. 第三十一条 承诺对要约的内容作出非实质性变更的，除要约人及时表示反对或者要约表明承诺不得对要约的内容作出任何变更的以外，该承诺有效，合同的内容以承诺的内容为准。 Article 31
36、If the acceptance does not substantially modifies the contents of the offer, it shall be effective, and the contents of the contract shall be subject to those of the acceptance, except as rejected promptly by the offeror or indicated in the offer that an acceptance may not modify the offer at all. 第
37、三十二条 当事人采用合同书形式订立合同的，自双方当事人签字或者盖章时合同成立。 Article 32 Where the parties conclude a contract in written form, the contract is established when it is signed or sealed by the parties. 第三十三条 当事人采用信件、数据电文等形式订立合同的，可以在合同成立之前要求签订确认书。签订确认书时合同成立。 Article 33 Where the parties conclude the contract in the form of
38、letters or data-telex, etc., one party may request to sign a letter of confirmation before the conclusion of the contract. The contract shall be established at the time when the letter of confirmation is signed. 第三十四条 承诺生效的地点为合同成立的地点。 采用数据电文形式订立合同的，收件人的主营业地为合同成立的地点；没有主营业地的，其经常居住地为合同成立的地点。当事人另有约定的，按照
39、其约定。 Article 34 The place of effectiveness of an acceptance shall be the place of the establishment of the contract. If the contract is concluded in the form of data-telex, the main business place of the recipient shall be the place of establishment. If the recipient does not have a main business pl
40、ace, its habitual residence shall be considered to be the place of establishment. Where the parties agree otherwise, such agreement shall apply. 第三十五条 当事人采用合同书形式订立合同的，双方当事人签字或者盖章的地点为合同成立的地点。 Article 35 Where the parties conclude a contract in written form, the place where both parties sign or affix
41、their seals on the contract shall be the place of establishment. 第三十六条 法律、行政法规规定或者当事人约定采用书面形式订7 立合同，当事人未采用书面形式但一方已经履行主要义务，对方接受的，该合同成立。 Article 36 Where a contract is to be concluded in written form as required by relevant laws and administrative regulations or as agreed by the parties, and the parti
42、es failed to conclude the contract in written form, but one party has performed the principal obligation and the other party has accepted it, the contract is established. 第三十七条 采用合同书形式订立合同，在签字或者盖章之前，当事人一方已经履行主要义务，对方接受的，该合同成立。 Article 37 Where a contract is to be concluded in written form, if one par
43、ty has performed its principal obligation and the other party has accepted it before signing or sealing of the contract, the contract is established. 第三十八条 国家根据需要下达指令性任务或者国家订货任务的，有关法人、其他组织之间应当依照有关法律、行政法规规定的权利和义务订立合同。 Article 38 Where the State has issued a mandatory plan or a State purchasing order
44、based on necessity,the relevant legal persons and the other organizations shall conclude a contract between them in accordance with the rights and obligations as stipulated by the relevant laws and administrative regulations. 第三十九条 采用格式条款订立合同的，提供格式条款的一方应当遵循公平原则确定当事人之间的权利和义务，并采取合理的方式提请对方注意免除或者限制其责任的条
45、款，按照对方的要求，对该条款予以说明。 格式条款是当事人为了重复使用而预先拟定，并在订立合同时未与对方协商的条款。Article 39 Where standard terms are adopted in concluding a contract, the party supplying the standard terms shall define the rights and obligations between the parties abiding by the principle of fairness, and shall inform the other party to
46、note the exclusion or restriction of its liabilities in a reasonable way, and shall explain the standard terms upon request by the other party. Standard terms are clauses that are prepared in advance for general and repeated use by one party, and which are not negotiated with the other party when th
47、e contract is concluded. 第四十条 格式条款具有本法第五十二条和第五十三条规定情形的，或者提供格式条款一方免除其责任、加重对方责任、排除对方主要权利的，该条款无效。Article 40 When standard terms are under the circumstances stipulated in Articles 52 and 53 of this Law,or the party which supplies the standard terms exempts itself from its liabilities, increases the liab
48、ilities of the other party, and deprives the material rights of the other party, the terms shall be invalid. 第四十一条 对格式条款的理解发生争议的，应当按照通常理解予以解释。对格式条款有两种以上解释的，应当作出不利于提供格式条款一方的解释。格式条款和非格式条款不一致的，应当采用非格式条款。 Article 41 If a dispute over the understanding of the standard terms occurs, it shall be interpreted in accordance with common understanding. Where there are two or more kinds of interpretation, an interpretation unfavorable to the party supplying the standard terms shall p
