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1、江西中医学院考试复习资料之医学英语常用名词 病症解释英文翻译 按字母分类B 暴饮暴食engorgement 辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation 表里关系internal and external relationship 别络divergent collaterals 病机总纲general rule of pathogenesis 病理变化pathological changes 病因打破动态平衡导致疾病。Etiology refers to the factors that damage the relative dynamic
2、equilibrium and result in disease. 病因学etiology 病在上者下取之treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part 病症的虚实变化deficiency or excess changes of disease /transformation between deficiency and excess during a disease 补其不足supplementing what it lacks of 补土派the School of Reinforcing th
3、e Earth C 持重努伤trauma due to heavy load 虫兽咬伤insect or animal bites 初步消化primary digestion 传化水谷transmitting and transforming water and food 刺络拔罐collateral pricking and cupping therapy 从阴引阳drawing yang from yin 腠理闭塞stagnation of interstitial space D 大肠主津The large intestine governs thin body fluid 胆主决断Th
4、e gallbladder is responsible for making judgment 跌仆injury caused by falling 多种多样的病理变化various pathological changes 夺血者无汗Sweating therapy should not be used to treat hemorrhage. F 方剂prescription; formula 肺藏魄the lung storing corporeal soul 风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold 风寒感冒common cold due to win
5、d-cold 风气内动stirring of endogenous wind/disturbance of endogenous wind 风为百病之长wind being the leading pathogenic factor 风邪外袭pathogenic wind attacking the exterior 腐熟水谷digest water and food G 肝藏魂the liver storing ethereal soul 肝气逆上upward adverse flow of liver qi 肝肾精血不足insufficiency of essence and blood
6、in the liver and kidney 肝阴不足insufficiency of liver yin 肝之余气remaining part of liver qi 感受寒邪attacked/invaded by pathogenic cold 孤腑isolated fu-organ 古代中国哲学classical Chinese philosophy H 寒从中生endogenous cold/ cold originating from the interior 寒极生热extreme cold turning into heat 寒凉药物herbs cold and cool in
7、 nature 寒性凝滞cold tending to stagnate by nature 汗法sweating therapy; diaphoresis 汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin 后天之本acquired base of life 后天之气acquired qi J 疾病本质nature of disease 疾病的发生、发展与变化occurrence, development, and changes of disease 疾病转归turnover of disease/prognosis of disease 金刃incis
8、ed wound 津伤化燥fluid consumption producing dryness 津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin 津液代谢失常disorder of fluid metabolism 津液生气body fluid generating qi 津液载气body fluid carrying qi 经络辨证syndrome differentiation of meridians and collaterals 经络感传meridian conduction 经络系统system of meridians and c
9、ollaterals 经络系统system of meridians and collaterals 经络现象meridian manifestations 经络学说theory of meridians and collaterals 经络之气qi of meridians 经络阻滞blockage of meridians 经脉拘急收引spasm and contraction of muscles and tendons 精气essential qi 精气夺则虚depletion of essence causing deficiency 精神情志spirit and emotions
10、精微物质nutrients; refined substance 精汁bile 绝对偏盛absolute predominance K 开窍(of five zang-organs) open into L M木曰曲直Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally 联络脏腑肢节being connected with the viscera and limbs 临床经验clinical experience 临床实践clinical practice 六腑six fu-organs 六淫 six excesses 络属关系(of
11、 a collateral) pertaining to a certain meridian 脉道不利unsmooth vessels 脉象细弱thin and weak pulse 泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid 面色红润rosy complexion 面色无华lusterless complexion 母病及子disorder of a mother-organ involving its child-organ N 内生五邪 five internal excesses 内生五邪five endogenous pathogenic fa
12、ctors 内伤七情 internal injury due to seven emotions P 排泄糟粕discharge waste 脾藏意the spleen storing consciousness 脾胃虚弱weakness of the spleen and stomach 脾阳不振inactivation of spleen-yang 脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation 平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach 魄门anus Q 七冲门
13、the seven important portals 七情内伤internal impairment due to yin deficiency 其华在面the luster manifesting upon the face 奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs 奇经八脉eight extraordinary vessels (meridians) 气的升降出入运动ascending, descending, exiting and entering movements of qi 气的运动形式way of qi movement 气化qi transformation
14、气机qi activity 气机调畅normal function of qi activity 气机郁滞不畅stagnation of qi activity 气摄津液qi commanding body fluid 气摄血qi commanding blood 气生津液qi promoting the production of body fluid 气生血qi promoting the production of blood 气随津泄loss of qi due to profuse sweating 气随血脱exhaustion of qi due to hemorrhage 气随液
15、脱exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid 气为血帅，血为气母Qi commands the blood and the blood carries qi. 气行津液qi promoting the flow of body fluid 气行血qi promoting the flow of blood 气行则水行，气滞则水滞Normal flow of qi ensures normal flow of body fluid while stagnation of qi causes stagnation of body fluid. 气行则血行，
16、气滞则血瘀Normal flow of qi ensures normal flow of blood while stagnation of qi causes stagnation of blood. 气血功能紊乱dysfunction of qi and blood 潜阳熄风suppressing yang and eliminating wind 清心火clearing away heart fire 情志 emotion (joy喜, anger怒, anxiety忧, thought思, sorrow悲, fear恐, fright惊) 情志刺激mental stimulation
17、 祛风散寒eliminating wind and dispersing cold R 人体的抗病能力the human body resistance against diseases 热极生风extreme heat producing wind S 上焦upper energizer 社会属性social attribute 肾藏志the kidney storing will 肾阳势微declination of kidney yang 肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin 肾主纳气the kidney receiving qi 升降出入ascending,
18、descending, going out and going in 生长化收藏sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store 生克制化promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation 生命的原动力primary motive force of life 生我、我生to be generated and to generate 生中有制restraint in generation 湿热泄泻diarrhea due to damp-heat/damp-heat diarrhea 十二经别branches
19、 of the twelve regular meridians 十二经筋tendons of the twelve regular meridians 十二皮部skin divisions of the twelve regular meridians 十二正经twelve regular meridians 食物残渣residue of foods 舒经活络soothing meridians and activating collaterals 水谷精微nutrients of water and food 水谷精微nutrients of water and food 水火不济imba
20、lance between water and fire 水液代谢water metabolism 水液代谢平衡balance of water metabolism 水液停滞stoppage of water and fluid 水曰润下Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing. 四气五味four properties and five tastes T 调畅气机regulating qi activity 痰饮内停 phlegm and fluid retention 体质强弱(body )constitutiona
21、l state 条达舒畅free development 通调水道regulating water passage 同病异治different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease 土虚木乘Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient. 土爰稼穑Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping. 吐法vomiting therapy; emetic therapy W 外感六淫six exogenous pathogenic f
22、actors 亡血家不可发汗Sweating therapy should be not be used to treat patients suffering from hemorrhage. 卫气defensive qi 温养脏腑warming and nourishing the viscera 五心烦热feverish sensation over the five centers (palms, soles, and chest) 五行学说the doctrine of five elements; the theory of five phases 五脏five zang-orga
23、ns; five zang-viscera 五脏六腑five zang-organs and six fu-organs 五志过极extreme changes of five emotions X 湿邪困脾pathogenic dampness obstructing the spleen 吸门epiglottis 下法purgation 先天禀赋innateness 先天之精innate essence 先天之气innate qi 相乘相侮over restriction and counter-restriction 相反相成contrary and supplementary to e
24、ach other 相互消长mutually inhibiting and promoting 相互依存interdependence 相互制约mutually inhibiting and restraining 相互转化mutual transformation 小肠主液The small intestine governs thick body fluid 邪气pathogenic factors 邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi 邪正盛衰exuberance or decline of pathogen
25、ic factors and healthy qi/ strength contrast between pathogenic factors and healthy qi 泻而不藏discharge without storage 心藏神the heart storing spirit 心藏神the heart storing spirit 心肝血虚blood deficiency in the heart and liver 心火亢盛exuberant fire in the heart 心气充沛sufficiency of heart qi 心主血脉the heart governing
26、 blood and vessels 形态中空morphological hollowness 形体诸窍physical build and various orifices 虚寒证deficiency cold syndrome 虚实夹杂deficiency complicated with excess 宣发肃降dispersion, purification and descent 血生气blood generating qi 血液充盈sufficiency of blood 血液循行blood circulation 血载气blood carrying qi 循行部位和交接顺序the
27、regions through or along which the meridians run and the order by which the meridians are connected with each other 循行路线running routes Y 阳气衰退decline of yang qi 阳损及阴impairment of yang involving yin 医疗实践medical practice 以左治右treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side 异病同治the s
28、ame therapeutic method used to treat different diseases 疫疠 pestilence 益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse 阴平阳秘balance of yin and yang 阴盛则阳病excess of yin leading to decline of yang 阴虚生内热production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency 阴阳互损mutual consumption of yin and yang 阴阳两虚deficiency of both yi
29、n and yang 阴阳偏盛relative predominance of yin or yang 阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang 饮食不节 improper diet 饮食不节improper diet 饮食劳倦improper diet and overstrain 营气nutritive qi 游走性关节疼痛migratory arthralgia/joint pain 有机整体organic whole 有机整体organic wholenss 瘀血 static blood 瘀血致病diseases caused by blood
30、stagnation 元气primordial qi 月经来潮occurrence of menstruation 运行全身气血transporting qi and blood to the whole body Z 藏而不泻storage without discharge 藏象学说theory of visceral manifestations 杂病miscellaneous diseases 脏腑经络之气qi of the viscera and meridians 哲学概念philosophical concept 针灸acupuncture and moxibustion; ac
31、umox 真热假寒或假寒真热true heat and false cold; false cold and true heat 诊断学diagnostics 整体观念holism 正气healthy qi 治疗效应therapeutic effects 治疗学therapeutics 治疗原则therapeutic principles 中药学Chinese pharmacy 中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 贮藏精气storing essence 滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire 宗气thoracic qi
