《法律英语核心词汇.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《法律英语核心词汇.docx（29页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、法律英语核心词汇必备法律英语词汇 民事法律英语词汇 (A,B) 按份共有 several possession 按份之债 several obligation 版权 copyright 包办婚姻 arranged marriage 保证 guaranty/guarantee 保证合同 contract of guaranty 保证金 guaranty bond; security deposit 保证人 guarantor 被代理人 principal 本代理 original agency 本代理人 original agent 次代理 subagency 代理权 right of agen
2、cy 代理行为 act of agency 表见代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency 不安抗辩权 unstable counter-argument right 不当得利 unjust enrichment 不当履行 misfeasance 不可抗力 force majeure 不可侵犯权 inviolability 不要式民事法律行为 informal civil legal act 不要因民事法律行为 noncausative civil legal act 不作为 omission (C) 财产担保 property guarantee 财产分割
3、partition; dismemberment of property 财团法人 legal body of financial group 采矿权 mining ownership 产品瑕疵 defect of product 撤销权 right of claiming cancellation 承包经营权 right to contracted management 承认权 right of admission 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith 乘人之危 taking advantage of others precarious position 程序法 pr
4、ocedural law 驰名商标 reputed trademark 处分权 right of disposing; jus dispodendi 创造性 creativity 创作 creation 从民事法律行为 accessory civil legal act 从债 accessory obligation (D) 大陆法 continental law 大陆法系 civil law system 代位继承 representation; succession by subrogation 代位权 subrogated right 单独继承 single succession 单方民
5、事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act 单一之债 single obligation 担保物权 real right for security 盗版VCD pirated VCD 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange 抵销 setoff 抵押标的物 collateral; estate under mortgage 抵押权 hypothec; right to mortgage 抵押权的次序 sequence of right to mortgage 抵押权的抛弃 abandonment of right to mortga
6、ge 抵押权的让与 alienation of right to mortgage 抵押权的设定 creation of right to mortgage 抵押权的实现 materialization of right to mortgage 抵押权的消灭 extinction of right to mortgage 抵押权的效力 defect of right to mortgage 抵押权人 mortgagee 抵押人 mortgagor 抵押物登记 registration of estate under mortgage 抵押优先权 priority of mortgage 地上权
7、 superficies 地役权 servitude; easement 第一顺序继承人 successor first in order 佃权 tenant right 定金 earnest money; deposit 独生子女 only child 1 多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act ( E, F) 恶意占有 malicious possession 发表权 right of publication 发明创造 invention and creation 发明权 right of invention 发现权 right of discovery 法定
8、代理人 statutory agent; legal agent 法定继承 legal succession 法定违约金 liquidated damages by law 法定之债 legal obligation 法定孳息 legal fruits 法律婚 legal marriage 法律渊源 source of law 法人 legal person 法人合伙 partnership of legal person 法人型联营 association of legal persons 防卫行为 act of defense 非婚生子女 illegitimate child 非专属权 n
9、on-exclusive right 否认权 right of claiming cancellation 夫妻分居 divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board 夫妻共同财产 community property 夫妻关系 conjugal relationship 服务商标 service trademark 抚恤金 pension 附期限民事法律行为 civil legal act with term 复婚 resumption of marriage ( G ) 感情破裂 incompatibility 个人独资企业 indi
10、vidual business establishment 个人合伙 partnership 个体工商户 individual business 给付 give; pay 工业产权 industrial property 公法 public law 公力救济 public protection 公民 citizen 公平原则 principle of justice 公序良俗 public order and moral 共同共有 joint possession 共同继承 joint succession 固有法 native law; indigenous law 关联企业 affilia
11、te enterprise 广告商标 advertisement trademark 国民待遇原则 doctrine of national treatment 国有独资企业 solely state-owned enterprise (H) 合法行为 lawful act 合伙财产 property of partnership 合伙人 partner 合伙协议 partnership agreement 合伙型联营 coordinated management in partnership 合伙债务 debt of partnership 合同之债 contractual obligati
12、on 合作社 cooperative 衡平法 equity; law of equity 户籍 census register 婚后财产公证 notarization of postnuptial properties 婚生子女 legitimate child 婚姻、家庭、继承、收养 marriage, family, inheritance, adoption 婚姻登记 marriage registration 婚姻法 marital law; marriage law 货币 currency 获得报酬权right to get payment/remuneration ( J, K )
13、 计划生育 birth control 技术诀窍 know-how 继承参与人 succession participant 继承法 inheritance law; law of succession 继承人 heir; successor 间接继承 indirect succession 监护 guardianship 简单之债 simple obligation 教会法 ecclesiastical law 解除权 right of renouncement 紧急避险 act of rescue; necessity 近似商标 similar trademark 禁止规范 forbidd
14、ing norm 经常居住地 frequently dwelling place 经营权 managerial authority; power of 2 management 精神损害 moral/mental/spiritual damage 救济权 right of relief 居所 residence 绝对权 absolute right 抗辩权 right of defense 可撤销民事行为 revocable civil act ( L, M ) 离婚 divorce 利用权 right to make use of 例外法 exception law 连带之债 joint o
15、bligation 联营 joint venture 林权 forest ownership 留置权 lien 录制权 right of fixation 律师代理 agency by lawyer 罗马法 Roman Law 罗马法系 Roman law system 埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property 买卖婚姻 mercenary marriage 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 民法法系 civil law system 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 民事法律行为 civil legal ac
16、t 民事合伙 civil partnership 民事权利能力 civil right capacity 民事行为 civil act 名称权 right of name 名誉权 right of reputation 明示保证 express guaranty 命令性规范 commanding norm 默示保证 implied guaranty ( N, P ) 拟制血亲 blood relations in fiction of law 农村承包经营户 leaseholding rural household 诺成性民事法律行为 consenting civil legal act 判例
17、法 case law; precedent 旁系血亲 collateral blood relation 配偶 spouse 剽窃 plagiary; plagiarism 漂流物 drifting object 平等原则 principle of equality 普通代理 general agency 普通法 common law 普通合伙 general partnership 期待权 expectant right 欺诈 fraud ( Q ) 企业法人 legal body of enterprise 企业集团 group of enterprise 亲权parental right
18、 亲属权 right of relative 侵权行为 tort 侵权行为之债 tort obligation 清偿 discharge; satisfaction 情事变更原则 doctrine of change of circumstances 请求权 right of claim 全权代理 general agency 全权代理委托书 general power of attorney 权利本位 standard of right 权利的保护 protection of right ( R ) 让与担保 alienation guarantee 人格权 right of persona
19、lity 人权 human right 人身权利 personal right 人身损害 damage to person 人役权 servitus personarum; personal servitude 任意之债 voluntary obligation 日尔曼法 Germanic law 荣誉权 right of honor 入伙 join partnership ( S ) 善意占有 possession in good faith 商标代理 trademark agency 商标公告 trademark gazette 商标国际注册 international registrat
20、ion of trademark 商标评审委员会 trade review and appraisal board 商标侵权 trademark infringement 商标权 trademark right 3 商标审查 trademark examination 商标使用许可协议 trademark licensing agreement 商标事务所 trademark office 商标注册trademark register 商品商标 commodity trademark 社会本位 standard of society 社团法人 legal body of mass organi
21、zation 涉外婚姻 marriage with foreign elements 涉外收养 adoption with foreign elements 申请在先原则 prior application rule 身份权 right of status 生命健康权 right of life and health 生前民事法律行为 civil legal act before death 实际履行原则 doctrine of specific performance 实践性民事法律行为 practical civil legal act 实体法 substantial law 实用新型 u
22、tility model 实用性 practicability 使用权 right of use; right to use of 使用收益分享权 right to share usufruct 使用在先 priority of use 世袭继承 hereditary succession 市民法 jus civile 事实婚 de facto marriage 收回权 right of recall; right of retrieval 收养法 adoption law 收养人 adoptive parent/adopter 收养协议 adoption agreement 收益权 righ
23、t to earnings; right to yields 受托人 trustee 授权规范 authorization norm 授权委托书 power of attorney 授权行为 act of authorization 署名权 right of authorship; right of paternity 司法解释 judicial interpretation 私法 private law 私力救济 self-protection 私生活秘密权 right of privacy 私营企业 private enterprise; proprietorship 寺院法 canon
24、law 送养人 person or institution placing out a child for adoption 诉讼离婚 divorce by litigation 损害赔偿之债 obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages 所有权 dominium; ownership; title 所有权凭证 document of title; title of ownership ( T ) 他物权 jus in re aliena 探视权 visitation right 特别法 special law 特别合
25、伙 special partnership 特别留置权 special lien 特定之债 certain obligation 特许权使用费 royalties 提存 debtors submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority 天然孳息 natural fruits 同居 cohabitation 同时履行抗辩权 defense right of simultaneous performance 土地使用权 right to the use of land 退伙 withdrawal from p
26、artnership ( W ) 外观设计 design; industrial design 完全行为能力 perfect capacity for act 完整性保持权 right to maintain integrity 晚婚 late marriage 万民法 jus gentium 违法行为 illegal act; unlawful act 违约金 liquidated damages 伪造 forge 委托代理 agency by mandate 慰问金 consolation money 无偿民事法律行为 civil legal act without considerati
27、on; civil legal act without award 无效婚姻 void marriage 无效行为 ineffective act 无行为能力 incapacity for act 无因管理 voluntary service 无责任行为 irresponsible right 无主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 物的担保 security for thing 4 物的瑕疵担保 warranty against defect of a thing 物权分类 classification of right in rem/
28、real right 物上请求权 right of claim for real thing 误传 misrepresentation ( X ) 习惯法 customary law 先买权 preemption 显失公平 obvious unjust 限制行为能力 restrictive capacity for act 相对权 relative right 相对人 counterpart; offeree 相邻权 neighboring right; related right 肖像权 right of portraiture 协议离婚 divorce by agreement 协作型联营
29、 cooperation-type coordinated management 胁迫 duress 新颖性 novelty 信用担保 credit guarantee 行为能力 capacity for act 形成权 right of formation 姓名权 right of name 修改权 right of modification; right of revision 选择之债 alternative obligation ( Y ) 押金 deposit; foregift 要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act 要因民事法律行为 causative c
30、ivil legal act 一夫一妻制 monogamy 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 医疗费 medical charge 医药费 hospital treatment expense 遗产 inheritance; heritage 遗产继承人 heir to property; inheritor 遗失物 lost property 遗书 last words 遗言 last will and testament 遗赠 bequest; legacy; devise(不动产) 遗赠抚养协议 legacy-support agreement 遗赠继承 succession by de
31、vise 遗嘱继承 intestate succession 以合法形式掩盖非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention 义务性规范 obligatory norm 意思表示 declaration of intention 意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus 意思能力 capacity of will 意外事件 accident 隐名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership 隐私权 right of privacy 英吉利法 English law 英美法系 syst
32、em of Anglo-American law 永久性抗辩权 permanent counter-argument right 用益物权 real right for usufruct 优先权日 priority date 优先权原则 doctrine of priority right 有权代理 authorized agency 有限合伙 limited partnership 预付款 advanced payment 约定违约金 liquidated damages by agreement ( Z ) 再代理人 subagent 早婚 early marriage 债的担保 guar
33、antee of obligation 债的履行 performance of obligation 债权 jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditors right 债权人 creditor 债券 bond 债务 debt; liability; obligation 债务的偿还 payment of debt 债务的偿清 discharge of debt 债务的担保 guarantee of debt 债务的给付日期 debt maturity 债务的合并 consolidation of debt 债务的免除 ex
34、emption of debt 债务人 debtor 占有权 dominium utile; equitable ownership 贞操权 virginity right 正当防卫 justifiable right; legitimate defense 证券 securities 支配权 right of dominion 5 知识产权 intellectual property 知识产权国际保护 international protection of intellectual property 直系血亲 lineal descent 指定代理人 designated agent 制定法
35、 statute 质权right of pledge 智力成果 intellectual property 中华人民共和国专利局 Patent Office of the Peoples Republic of China 中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise 中外合作企业 Sino-foreign contractual enterprise 部分美国刑事法律英语词汇 Year and a Day Rule 满一年原则 Whartons Rule 沃顿原则 voluntary manslaughter 故意杀人 voluntary into
36、xication 故意醉酒 victim/witness assistance programs 服务组织提供的对犯罪受害人及证人的安慰及帮助 victims rights 刑事司法过程中受害人的基本权利 victimless crime 无受害者犯罪 victim impact statement 受害人影响陈述 vehicular homicide 车祸致人死命罪 uttering 故意提供或传递伪造文件罪 unlawful assembly 非法集会 Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) 统一死亡判定法案 truth in sentencin
37、g 判决及释放之间 trespassory taking 非法盗窃 treason 叛国罪 three-strikes legislation 重罪加长刑期法 theft of computer services 非法窃取计算机服务 tangible property 有形资产 several crimes 数罪 several offenses of a kind 同种数罪 syndrome-based defense 基于综合症的犯罪 6 终止权 right of termination 种类之债 indefinite obligation 重大误解 gross misunderstand
38、ing 重婚 bigamy 主民事法律行为 principal civil legal act 主债 prime/principal obligation 住所 domicile 注册商标使用许可 licensing of registered trademark 注册商标转让 assignment of registered trademark 著作财产权 property right in work 著作邻接权 neighboring right of copyright 著作权人 copyright ownersudden passion 突然情感爆发 substantive crimi
39、nal law 实体刑法 subornation of perjury 非法教唆他人作伪证 strict liability crimes 严格责任犯罪 accomplice ： 同案犯 adult business district ： 红灯区 agricrime ： 农业犯罪 armed robbery ：武装抢劫 arrest warrant ： 逮捕证 assault ： 袭击 attack dog ： 攻击犬 back-alley butcher ：卑鄙的屠夫 bail ：保释金 blackmail scandal敲诈丑闻/ black market blood money ： 血腥
40、钱 body bag ： 装尸袋 guilty of bribery行贿受贿罪 bum rap ： 错捕 career criminal ： 职业罪犯 child abuse ： 虐待儿童 computer cleaner：消除财务信息的电脑黑客 con artist ：行骗高手 con game ： 骗局 credit-card fraud ： 信用卡欺诈 date rape ： 约会强奸 domestic violence ： 家庭暴力 drunk driving ： 酒后驾驶 first-degree murder ： 一级谋杀案 hijack劫持/ blackjack /skyjack
41、ing/carjacking hit-and-run accident肇事逃逸案 homicide of a prostitute妓女被杀 hold-up ： 持枪抢劫 impulse crime ： 冲动犯罪 juvenile delinquency ： 青少年犯罪 arrested for larceny：偷盗被捕 Mafia ： 黑手党 money laundering ： 洗钱 organized crime ： 集团犯罪 诉讼法律 (a b) 案件发回 remand a case (to a low court) 案件名称 title of a case 案卷材料 materials
42、 in the case 案情陈述书 statement of case 案外人 person other than involved in the case 案值 total value involved in the case 败诉方 losing party胜诉方 winning party 办案人员 personnel handling a case 保全措施申请书 application for protective measures 报案 report a case (to security authorities) 被告 defendant; the accused 被告人最后陈
43、述 final statement of the accused 被告第二次答辩 rejoinder 被害人 victim 被害人的诉讼代理人 victims agent ad litem 被上诉人 respondent; the appellee 被申请人 respondent 被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed 被执行人 person subject to enforcement 本诉 principal action 必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation 变通管辖 jurisdiction
44、by accord 辩护 defense 辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer 辩护人 defender 辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 7 perjury ： 伪证 police corruption ： 警察腐败 pornoshop ： 色情商店 sin tax ：罪孽税 statutory rape ：法定强奸罪 suicide season ：自杀季节 tax evasion ：逃税 white-collar crime ：白领犯罪 辩论阶段 stage of court debate 驳回反诉 dismiss
45、 a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion 驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgment/ruling 驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书 notice of dismissal 驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution 驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩 su
46、pplementary answer 补充判决 supplementary judgment 补充侦查 supplementary investigation 不公开审理 trial in camera 不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing 不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest 不起诉，撤回诉讼 nol. pros. 不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court (c d) 财产保全申请书 application f
47、or attachment; application for property preservation 裁定 order; determination (指最终裁定) 裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order 裁定书 order; ruling 裁决书 award 采信的证据 admitted evidence 查封 seal up 撤回上诉 withdraw appeal 撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit 撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file 撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgment and remand the case to the original court for retrial 出示的证据 exhibit 除权判决 invalidating judgment (for negotiable instruments) 传唤 summon; call 传闻证据 hearsay 答辩(状) answer; reply 答辩陈述书 statement of defense 大法官associate justices; justice
