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1、法院法律诉讼相关英语词汇法院法律诉讼相关英语词汇court of first instance一审法院(庭)criminal court刑事法院(庭)civil court民事法院(庭)regional court, Court of Appeal地区法院Court of Cassation上诉法院High Court高级法院 (美作:Supreme Court)International Court of Justice(联合国)国际法院conciliation board in industrial disputes劳工纠纷调解委员会arbitration tribunal, court
2、of arbitration仲裁法庭juvenile court少年法庭court-martial军事法庭Law Courts法院,法庭National Audit Office审计委员会 (美作:Committee on Public Accounts)to fall within the competence of a court属于法院管辖权限之内The Bar律师席judge法官presiding judge庭长,首席法官legal adviser法律顾问examining magistrate地方预审法官judge in appeal上诉法官juvenile court judge少
3、年法庭法官public prosecutor公诉人,检查官 (美作:district attorney)attorney general首席检查官,检查长jury陪审团juror陪审员lawyer, solicitor律师,法律顾问barrister出庭律师 (美作:attorney,lawyer)assistant lawyer见习律师counsel for the defence辩护律师,被告律师attorney代诉人,代理人notary公证人criminal record前科,犯罪记录proceedings(诉讼)程序inquiry询问,调查hearing审讯,审问summary速审in
4、terrogatory, examination讯问,质问hearing of witnesses听证,听取证词domiciliary visit, house search住宅搜查evidence, exhibits证据extenuating circumstances可使罪行减轻的情况aggravating circumstances可加重罪行的情况exculpatory circumstances可开脱罪责的情况exonerating circumstances可证实无罪的情况alibi不在犯罪现场summons传票warrant for arrest逮捕证to arrest逮捕arre
5、st逮捕responsibility, liability责任on probation缓刑release on bail保释release on parole假释to sue, to prosecute起诉,提起公诉to call s.o. to witness作证eyewitness目击证人,目击者institution of proceedings起诉accusation控告,起诉prosecution起诉action, claim诉讼cause, suit诉讼,案件to lodge a complaint提起诉讼,提出申诉to institute proceedings, to brin
6、g a lawsuit进行诉讼to institute proceedings进行诉讼complaint控告,申诉justice审判to judge审理,审判lawsuit诉讼,官司trial审理claim for damages要求赔偿损失claim for compensation索赔writ of summons, citation传唤,传讯to plead, to claim辩护plea辩护deposition, evidence证词indictment, charge公诉书,刑事起诉书count of indictment起诉书中列举的罪项to plead guilty服罪sworn
7、 statement誓词on oath发誓accuser原告plaintiff原告the opposing party, the other side对方当事人accused, defendant被告delinquent, offender罪犯guilty party, culprit有罪一方,当事人recidivist惯犯accomplice共犯complicity同谋,共谋harbourer窝藏(罪犯) (美作:harborer)receiver隐匿(赃物),窝赃in flagrante delicto在作案现场with malice aforethought预谋不轨public hear
8、ing公平in camera秘密审议witness for the prosecution原告证人witness for the defence被告证人proof, evidence证据,证词witness box证人席 (美作:witness stand)dock被告席self-defence正当防卫 (美作:self-defense)force majeure, act of God不可抗力to pronounce sentence宣判miscarriage of justice审判不当,误判sentence宣判,判决convict既决犯,被制罪者judgment by default缺席
9、审判to be ordered to pay costs判处交纳诉讼费用acquittal宣告无罪,开释verdict of not guilty无罪的判决petition for a reprieve缓刑起诉书stay of proceedings停止进行诉讼nonsuit驳回to appeal, to lodge an appeal上诉crime犯法offence违法 (美作:offense)attempt未遂罪unfulfilment未实现nonobservance未遵守injustice不法行为threat, menace恐吓high treason叛国罪adultery通奸forge
10、ry, forging, counterfeiting伪造perjury伪证to bear false witness, to commit perjury犯伪证罪attempted murder谋杀未遂assassination, murder暗杀,行刺homicide杀人罪infanticide, child murder杀婴罪assault and battery殴打,侵犯人身罪kidnapping, abduction诱拐,拐骗highjacking劫持(飞机)piracy海盗罪rape, violation强奸conspiracy, plot结伙阴谋,共谋theft, larceny
11、盗窃armed robbery持械抢劫housebreaking, burglary入室行窃contraband, smuggling走私swindle诈骗embezzlement贪污公款prevarication推诿bribery, suborning行贿,受贿,贿赂breach of contract违约,违反合同fraud欺诈tax evasion偷税misuse of authority滥用职权corruption贪污腐化usurpation强夺blackmail敲诈,勒索calumny, slander诽谤intoxication酗酒disturbance of the peace扰
12、乱治安penalty处罚prison, gaol监狱 (美作:jail)imprisonment监禁death sentence, death penalty死刑life imprisonment无期徒刑hard labour强迫劳役 (美作:hard labor)fine罚款embargo扣押local banishment驱逐出境attainder剥夺公民权和没收财产indemnity, indemnification, compensation赔偿extradition引渡alimony, allowance抚养费baptismal certificate洗礼证实birth certif
13、icate出生证实marriage certificate结婚证书death certificate死亡证实书extract from police records违禁记录摘录notarial deed公证书bill of sale抵押证券lease租约proprietorship, ownership所有权ownership without usufruct, ownership without use虚有权copyright版权patent rights专利权alienation, transfer, assignment转让personal property个人财产movables动产r
14、eal estate不动产mental derangement, alienation, insanity精神错乱fingerprint指纹corpse尸体mortuary, morgue太平间,停尸房autopsy尸体解剖file, dossier文件naturalization入籍,归化will遗嘱codicil遗嘱修改附录heir, legatee继续人inheritance遗产emancipation自立to come of age成人disowning of offspring声明脱离关系,否认后裔关系tutelage, guardianship监护tutor, guardian监护人marriage by proxy委托代表结婚to sue for divorce申请离婚
