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1、爆破英文术语爆破用品 (explosive product) Detonating cord 导爆索 cotton fuse棉芯导火索 delay electric detonator延时电雷管 detonating fuse导火索，导爆索 detonator雷管 explosive炸药 ammonium nitrate explosive销铵炸药 waterproof a-nitrate explosive防水销铵炸药 open air a-nitrate explosive露天销铵炸药 emulsion explosive乳胶炸药 ammonium nitrate fuel oil exp
2、losive销铵燃油炸药 plastic fuse塑料导火索 short electric detonator瞬发电雷管 钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole废孔 average hole depth平均孔深 average quantity used in unit volume blasted 平均单耗 blasting result爆破结果 blockness 块度 controlled perimeter blasting周边控制爆破 data of explosive filled装药参数 data of holes drilled 钻
3、孔参数 delayed blasting延时参数 exploratory hole探孔 explosive quantity药量 explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量 handling misfire处理哑炮 light charge 少量装药 loosening blasting松动爆破 pattern 布孔方式 distance between holes孔距 distance between rows 排距 post shearing blasting 微差爆破 prespliting blasting 预裂爆破 quantity of holes 孔数
4、smooth blasting光面爆破 开挖与支护 明挖 bench excavation 台阶开挖 concrete excavation 砼开挖 1 fault excavation断层开挖 foundation excavation 基础开挖 local excavation 局部开挖 mass (bulk) excavation大面积开挖 protective layer excavation保护层开挖 rock excavation岩石开挖 slope excavation 边坡开挖 soft ground excavation软基开挖 soil excavation土方开挖 str
5、uctural excavation结构开挖 tooth excavation 齿槽开挖 unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖 coefficient of nonuniformity开挖不均匀系数 cutoff trench截水槽 dewatering (drainage) 排水 excavation pit开挖基坑 intensity of excavation开挖强度 over excavate (over break)超挖 pump sump 水泵坑 under excavate (under break)欠挖 under break trea
6、tment 欠挖处理 洞挖及地下开挖 (Tunnel and Underground Excavation) a round of excavation一个开挖循环 adit支洞 advance进尺 advanced depth进尺深度 breaking hole崩落孔 cushion hole 缓冲孔 bottom drift drift 掏槽 center driftside drift 中心掏槽底部掏槽 top drift顶部掏槽边部掏槽 drilling 钻孔 driving (progress) rate 进尺率 easer 掏槽孔 full face excavation 全断面开
7、挖 heading and bench excavation 导洞与台阶开挖 loading (charging)装药 perimeter hole 周边孔 pilot tunnel 导洞 shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮 top heading excavation上导洞开挖 2 附录1. 小浪底工程结构物名称统计 拦河大坝 ballast weight石渣压戗 berm 马道 blended impervious blanket混合不透水铺盖 concrete cutoff wall砼防渗墙 core cutoff trench芯墙截水槽 crest
8、 access坝顶公路 cutoff dike截渗堤 dam abutment坝肩 dam axis坝轴线 dam body (embankment)坝体 dam crest坝顶 dam foundation坝基 dam shell 坝壳 dam site坝址 drainage curtain排水帷幕 filter反滤层 freeboard section超高段 grout curtain灌浆帷幕 heel of dam 坝踵 main dam主坝 parapet wall防浪墙 pitched work块石护坡 plastic zone塑性区 rock contact part基岩连接部分
9、rockfill riprap堆石护坡 saddle dam副坝 soil sloping core土质斜芯墙 toe of dam坝趾 transition zone过渡区 upstream blanket上游铺盖 泄洪排沙系统 进水口 (Intake Area) access bridge交通桥 bridge abutment桥台，桥肩 bridge pier桥墩 bridge span桥跨 cable trench电缆沟 cored beam空心梁 diaphragm隔板 inside beam内梁 neoprene bearing橡胶支座 3 outside beam外梁 paveme
10、nt铺装层 road surface路面 T-beam T型梁 Walkway人行道 air vent 通气孔 approach channel引水渠 central pier中墩 chamber 室 auxiliary trashrack maintenance chamber副拦污栅检修室 booster pump chamber加压泵房 carousel rail chamber环形轨道室 drainage sump chamber集水井室 gate dogging chamber闸门锁定室 gate maintenance chamber闸门检修室 hoist chamber启闭机室
11、main trashrack maintenance chamber主拦污栅检修室 Channel Training Wall引水导墙 concrete liner砼衬砌 control room控制室 corbel 牛腿 cover盖板 direct plumb line hole正垂孔 gallery廊道 access gallery交通廊道 drainage gallery排水廊道 observation gallery观测廊道 pressure balance gallery冲水平压廊道 gate slot 门槽 auxiliary trashrack slot副拦污栅槽 emerge
12、ncy gate slot事故门槽 main trashrack slot主拦污栅槽 maintenance gate slot检修门槽 track rake slot清污机槽 handrail扶手 ntake tower进水塔 diversion tower导流塔 free flow tower明流塔 irrigation tower灌溉塔 orifice tower发电塔 inverted plumb line pipe倒垂塔 lamp post灯柱 longitude strut纵向联系梁 parapet wall栏杆，女儿墙 shaft竖井 auxiliary trashrack sh
13、aft副拦污栅井 4 elevator shaft电梯井 emergency gate shaft事故门井 lifting case shaft吊箱井 main trashrack shaft主拦污栅井 service shaft交通井 staircase shaft楼梯井 temporary shaft临时竖井 steel plate liner钢板衬砌 transverse strut横向联系梁 water passage流道 洞群及溢流道(Tunnels and Spillway) tunnels洞群 access tunnel交通洞 anchorage boxout锚具洞 closur
14、e gate封堵门 concrete plug砼封堵 connector section龙抬头连接段 crown (vault)顶拱 drainage tunnel排水洞 free flow tunnel明流洞 hoist shaft吊物井 invert底拱 irrigation tunnel灌溉洞 mid-gate chamber中闸室 orifice ring孔板环 orifice tunnel孔板洞 sediment tunnel排沙洞 transition section渐变段 upper bend section上弯段 spillway溢洪道 aerator掺气坎 emergency
15、 spillway非常溢洪道 flip bucket挑流鼻坎 free flow chute明流泄槽 headwork渠首 retaining wall挡墙 service spillway正常溢洪道 出口区(Outlet Area) approach wall引水渠 base slab底板 concrete apron砼护坦 discharge channel泄水渠 5 divider wall隔墙 plunge pool消力塘 plunge pool wier消力塘尾堰 stilling basin静水池 引水发电系统 power tunnel发电洞 upper horizontal se
16、ction上平段 upper curved section上弯段 inclined section斜井段 lower curved section下弯段 lower horizontal section下平段 penstock压力钢管 main power house主厂房 concrete ledge岩臂梁 generator floor发电机层 turbine floor水轮机层 operating gallery操作廊道 unwatering gallery排水廊道 auxiliary powerhouse副厂房 erection bay安装间 drainage system排水系统 d
17、rainage tunnel排水洞 high-voltage cable tunnel高压电缆洞 bus tunnel母线洞 transformer chamber主变室 draft tube gate chamber尾闸室 draft tube tunnel尾水管洞 tailrace tunnel尾水洞 tailrace outlet尾水出口 tailrace channel尾水渠 tailrace divider wall尾水隔墙 working bridge隔墩 sediment gate防淤闸 tailrace conic apron尾水护坦 tailrace training wal
18、l尾水导墙 vent shaft通风竖井 临时建筑及附属设施 临时建筑 (Temporary Works) cofferdam围堰 deep-water cofferdam深水围堰 grouting tunnel灌浆洞 6 starter cofferdam枯水围堰 附属设施 (auxiliary Facilities) aggregate processing plant骨料加工厂 batching plant拌和楼 carpentry yard木工房 construction camps施工营地 crushing and screening plant破碎筛分厂 laboratory实验室 main office building主办公楼 main (general) store主仓库 mechanical workshop机修车间 precast yard预制厂 railway transfer platform铁路转运站 rebar yard钢筋加工厂 rock quarry采石场 spoil disposal area弃渣场 stockpile area堆渣场 water treatment plant 水处理厂 7
