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1、牛津英语模块五unit1unit4知识点Unit 1 Getting along with others (Module 5) 1. I feel betrayed by my friend, Hannah. (P2) betray vt. 出卖， 背叛；无意中显示； betrayal n 出卖， 背叛 常用结构：betray to He would rather die than betray his country. 他宁愿死也不愿意出卖他的国家。 The expression on her face betrays that she is angry. 她脸上的表情显示她在生气。 He
2、felt sorry for betraying his friends to the enemy. 把朋友出卖给敌人让他感到很抱歉。 2. I didnt feel like I was overlooking my studies, but maybe I could work harder in Maths. (P2) overlook vt. 忽略，忽视，不追究；俯瞰 overlook a valley from a hill 从山上俯视山谷 overlook a persons fault 不追究过错 overlook a mistake 3. We went to wash our
3、 hands in the girls toilets before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done. (P2) admit vt. 承认；允许进入，接纳，允许参加；可容纳(= hold) 常用结构： 忽略了一个错误 Located /Sitting on the hill, the house overlooks a river. 那个房子位于山上，俯瞰一条河。 admit sth / admit doing sth / admit having done sth / admit + that-clause (承认) admit to /i
4、nto (接纳进入) He admitted having stolen / stealing the car. = He admitted that he had stolen the car. 他承认自己偷了车。 Many students are admitted to the key universities every year in our school. 每年我校都有许多学生被重点大学录取。 The theatre is small and admits only 300 people. 令我们非常高兴地是，她被北大录取了。 Open the window to admit so
5、me fresh air. 打开窗子让新鲜空气进入。 他打开门让客人进入屋子。 He opened the door and admitted the guests into the house. 4. keep ones word 守信，遵守诺言 (P 2) word用单数形式，不用复数形式。 They failed to keep their word. 他们没有遵守诺言 Ill manage to keep my word to her that Ill give her a hand if necessary. 我会对她守信，在必要时给她帮助。 Word came that he wo
6、n the first place. 消息传来，他得了一等奖。 She left word to us that she would not come back until next Sunday. 第 1 页 共 11 页 该剧院很小，只能容纳300人。 To our great joy, she has been admitted into Beijing University. break ones word 失信，失言 她给我们留下话，她直到下个星期天才会回来。 5. She was really upset and swore that she hadnt told anyone,
7、but I know that the only people who see marks are the teacher and the student. (P2) swear vt./vi. 宣誓，发誓；断言，发誓说 (swore, sworn) They swear eternalfriendship. 6. I dont think I can ever forgive her. (P2) forgive vt. 原谅，饶恕，宽恕 (forgave, forgiven) 常用结构： forgive sb./sth. forgive sbs sth. forgive sb. for st
8、h./doing sth. If you apologize, the teacher may forgive you / your carelessness. 如果你道歉，老师会原谅你/你的粗心。 He forgave me for breaking his glass. 7. , but I cant stand seeing our team lose. (P3) stand vt. 忍受，忍耐；常用于否定句、疑问句中，后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。 I wont stand your talking to me like that. I cant stand it when you d
9、o that. 我不会忍受你象那样对我讲话。 你那样做，我受不了。 他原谅我打坏了他的杯子。 他们宣誓友情不渝。 He swore never to drink. = He swore that he would never drink. 他发誓再不喝酒。 Though hes a brave man, he just cant stand the sight of blood. 尽管他是个勇敢的人，但他不能看见血。 同样意义的有：tolerate, bear, put up with 后接名词，代词或动名词。 I wont tolerate/bear/put up with your sel
10、fishness/ your doing that. 我不能容许你那么自私/你做那件事。 bear后也可接不定式。 She cant bear to be laughed at. = She cant bear being laughed at. 她不能忍受被取笑。 8. Though they get along well, there are some things about Amanda and her friends that puzzle Robert . (P18) puzzle v. 使迷惑，困惑； n. 难题，难解之事 puzzling adj. 令人困惑的； puzzled
11、 对感到困惑的 He asked a puzzling question which made everyone puzzled. 他问了一个令人困惑的问题，弄得人人困惑。 His puzzled expression suggested that he was puzzled by what I said. 他迷惑的表情表明他不懂我说的话。 9. When he comes back three and a half hours later, theyre still sitting on the sofa, absorbed in conversation! (P18) absorb vt
12、. 吸引；使全神贯注；吸收；理解； be absorbed in 沉浸在之中 黑布白天吸收大量的热量。 Black cloth absorbs a lot of heat during the day. 第 2 页 共 11 页 He was too young to absorb what you said. 每此见到你，你总是忙着做数学作业。 他太小了；理解不了你说的话。 Every time I saw you, you were absorbed in math homework. Absorbed in thought, he overlooked me. 10. When aske
13、d they usually hesitate before responding,. 因为在沉思，他不理我。 respond to sb/ sth 回答；回应 ； respond to sth 对有效果，见起色 make a response/ responses to 对响应/作答 When asked, he made no response. The illness quickly responded to treatment. 当他被问时，他不回答。. 病经过治疗后很快就有起色。 同样意义的词/短语有： reply to sb/sth, answers sb/sth in reply
14、/response/answer to What did he say in reply to your letter? 11. Regardless of what these friendships are based upon,. regardless of 不管，不顾 (介词短语，引导状语) We went to the concert regardless of the bad weather. 不顾坏天气，我们还是去了音乐会。 He still stuck to his decision regardless of what we said. 不管我们说什么，他还是坚持自己的决定。
15、 作为对.的回应 他是怎么回你信的？ 1. feel betrayed by ones friend 3. be sure to do sth / of sth 4. score the lowest marks 感到被朋友背叛 为自己感到骄傲 对某事确定的 得了最低分 对(做)感到羞愧/不要意思 下决心做 允许/接收某人进入 保守我的秘密 径直去某地 足够努力 生的气 对某人吼叫 为向道歉. 忍不住做某事 某人不太可能做某事 嫉妒某人 公开地，当众 踢足球有天赋的 2. be proud of /take pride in oneself 5. be ashamed of (doing) s
16、th 6. be determined to do sth 7. admit sb into 8. keep my secret 9. go straight to 10. try hard enough 12. yell at sb be ashamed to do sth/ be ashamed that 11. be angry with sb/at sth 13. apologize to sb for sth 14. cant help doing sth It is unlikely that. 16. feel jealous of sb 17. in public 15. sb
17、 be unlikely to do sth 18. be gifted at/in football 第 3 页 共 11 页 19. play to ones strengths 尽全力比赛 推迟做某事 (与某人)相处得很好 全神贯注于 究竟；到底 对友谊持不同的态度 青春期的男孩 毫不犹豫地 第一个做的人 不管；不顾 20. delay /put off doing sth. 21. get along well (with sb) 22. be absorbed in 23. in the world/on earth 25. adolescent boys 26. without h
18、esitation 27. the first to do 28. regardless of 24. have different attitudes towards friendship Unit 2 The environment (Module 5) 1. debate vt/vi/n. 争论；辩论 讨论某事 讨论 争论某事 我和玛丽辩论了这个问题。 他们讨论谁应该为失败受责备。 debate sth. debate + wh-clause debate about/on sth. I debated (on/upon) the question with Mary. 2. voice
19、 v. 表达；吐露； n. 看法；意见 They debated who was to blame for the failure. A spokesman voiced the workers dissatisfaction. 新计划实施前，我们愿意倾听一下工人们的意见。 发言人表达了工人的不满。 Before this new plan comes into effect, we would like to hear the voice of the workers. 3. These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving the
20、m time to lay eggs. lay vt. (鸟，虫等)下蛋；产卵，放；搁置 (laid, laid, laying) 这些母鸡没有在下蛋。 把你的大衣放在床上。 我们要铺一块新桌布。 These hens are not laying eggs. Lay your coat on the bed. Were going to lay a new table cloth. lie lied lied lying lie lay ain lying 撒谎 躺；位于 第 4 页 共 11 页 4. The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion pe
21、ople. approach vt/vi. 接近；靠近；处理；解决 n. 方法；方式；道路； the approach to (doing) sth. (做) 某事的方法 春天就要来临。 我们听到一辆车驶近的声音。 他差不多80岁了。 我们悄悄走近营地。 Spring is approaching. He is approaching 80. We heard the sound of an approaching car. We approached the camp silently. An investigative group will approach the nuclear pro
22、blem in Iran. 一个调查小组将处理伊朗的核问题。 5. It would be beneficial to expand our recycling industry, and teach people about environmentally friendly ways of living. expand v. 扩大；增加；增强； expansion n. 金属受热会膨胀。 学生人数在迅速增长. Metals expand when they are heated. Student numbers are expanding rapidly. 我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。 W
23、eve expanded the business by opening two more stores. 6. The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. 倍数表达法： A is twice as big as B. A is twice bigger than B. A is twice the size of B. A is twice what it was 不管是哪一种结构中，倍数词一定要放在表示比较的结构前面。 7. It is obvious that you are ve
24、ry concerned about the present situation of our environment. It is obvious that 很显然； obviously adv. 显然地；明显地 很显然，是你弄错了。 It is obvious that the sick child needs food and sunshine. Obviously, it is you who have made a mistake. situation 1）形势；情形；处境 他遇到一种情况需要他立即决定。 2）地理位置；环境特点 He got into a situation whe
25、re he had to decide immediately. We have all been in similar embarrassing situations. 我们都遇到过类似的尴尬局面。 The town is in a delightful situation in a wide green valley. 小城坐落在一个宽阔而草木苍翠的山谷中，环境宜人 In your situation, I would look for another job. 要是我是你的话，我会另找一份工作。 situate vt 使位于；使坐落于 situated adj. 位于的；坐落在的 be
26、situated in/on= be located in/on 第 5 页 共 11 页 8. seeas 将视为, 把看作 = look on/ consider/ treat/ think of/regard/view as We have responsibility for protecting them. His friends see him as a future pop star. 我们有责任保护他们。 他的朋友认为他是未来的流行歌星。 He is seen as one of the best football players in the world. 他被视作世界上最好
27、的足球队员之一。 9. As the third longest river in the world, it is clear to see why the environmental problems of the Yangtze River have raised concern both nationally and internationally. raise vt. 提出 (问题)；引起 (关注)；筹集 (资金)；饲养；抚养; 抬起；使提高 The teacher raised a question that no one could answer. Were raising mo
28、ney for the Project. He has a big family to raise. He raised a hand in greeting. 我们正在为这个项目筹集资金。 他要养活一大家人。 他举手打招呼。 The problem of global warming has raised concern internationally. 10. Less than 100 white-flag dolphins remain in the Yangtze River. remain vi. 剩下，逗留； link verb 仍然是； remains n. 剩余物；残留物；
29、remaining adj. 剩余的 大火之后这座房子剩余无几。 这么多年后他仍然是一个工人。 她走了，而我留了下来。 你说的对不对还有待证实。 Very little of the house remained after the big fire. After so many years he remains a worker. She left, but I remained behind. 11. Thankfully, many people have recognized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River and envi
30、ronmental organizations and projects have been set up to deal with the problem. thankfully adv. 幸亏，高兴地，感激地 There was a fire in the building, but thankfully no one was hurt. 12. We believe that the efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to protect this much-loved river will be appre
31、ciated for years to come by future generations. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢，感激 It remains to be seen whether you are right. appreciation n. 欣赏 appreciative adj. 欣赏的；感激的 非常感激你能回电话。 注意：appreciate后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不接不定式；不接sb. 作宾语。 I would appreciate your calling back. I would appreciate it if you can help me
32、with the problem. 如果你能帮我解决这个问题，我感激不尽。 注意以下句型中的it： Sb. like/love/hate/dislike it when Sb. see to it that Sb. depend on it that 第 6 页 共 11 页 1. wipe out 扫除，消灭 2. cut back on 削减，缩减 cut up / in / off /down 切碎/打断、插嘴/中断、切断/砍倒、削减 3. open the floor 自由发言 have/get the floor 取得发言权 4. be beneficial to = be of b
33、enefit to 对有好处 5. hide from their responsibilities to 隐藏以躲避对的责任 6. the key to helping both sides the answer/approach/entrance/solution to 7. allow sb./sth. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth 允许做 8. ask around 四处打听 9. convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb.to do sth. convince sb. that 11. be stocked
34、 with 12. pick out 13. work out solutions to many problems 14. a nature reserve 15. impress sth on sb.=impress on sb. sth. 装备有；储备有 制定出许多解决问题的办法 自然保护区 使某人明白的重要性 说服某人做某事 帮助双方的关键 take the floor 发言 for the benefit of 为的利益 10. How come? 怎么会发生? 精心挑选；辨别出；使容易看见 impress sb.with sth 给留下影响 16. suspect sb. of s
35、th/doing sth./that 怀疑某人做某事 suspect sb. to be 认为某人是 17. be home to= be the home of 是的栖息地 18. prohibit sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid sb. from doing sth.= forbid sb. to do sth. 19. under way 禁止某人做某事 已经开始；在进行中 第 7 页 共 11 页 Unit 3 Science versus nature (Module 5) 1. point out
36、指出 (P 43) He pointed out my mistakes. 他指出了我的错误。 When it comes to houses, he points out that most people work all their lives paying for a house. 提到房子，他指出大多数人一生都在为一所房子而辛苦地工作。 point at/to 指着、指向某人或某物 point at 对准、瞄准 表明、指向 point to 2. interfere vi. interfere with 妨碍；扰乱； (P 42) interfere in 干涉、干预、介入 我从来不介
37、入他的事。 I never interfere in his affairs. The sound of the radio upstairs interferes with my work. 3. breakthrough n. 突破 (P 42) make / achieve a breakthrough in 在某方面取得突破 break through break out break up 冲破、突破 (战争、火灾等)的突然爆发； 破门而入、闯入 粉碎、解散、结束 中途坏掉、分解、垮掉 break into break down 4. intention n. 意图、打算、目的 (P
38、42) I have no intention of changing my mind. 我没想改变主意。 with the intention of 为了，以为目的或意图 打算做某事 专为某人准备 without intention无意地； intend sb. to do sth.打算某人做某事 be intended for intend to do sth. 5. adopt vt. 收养，领养；采用，采纳 Can you adopt my idea? They adopted a baby boy. 你能采用我的主意么？ 他们收养了一个小男孩儿。 an adopted son 养子
39、adopted words 外来词 第 8 页 共 11 页 6. push ahead with sth. 推进、推行、毅然继续做某事 (P 42) Its hard to push ahead/forward/on with such an unpopular policy. 这样一个不得人心的政策很难推行下去。 push sth. forward 提出某事，迫使他人考虑或注意某事 push ahead/forward/on with sth. 推进、推行、毅然继续做某事 7. while 1) n. 一会儿、一段时间 Just wait for a while and then I wi
40、ll help you. 2) conj. “当时候、在期间”；引导时间状语从句。 My wife kept silent while I was writing. 我老婆在我写作的时候保持沉默。 3）conj. “尽管”，相当于although, 常放在句首。 While I understand what you said, I cant agree with you. 尽管我理解你所说的话，但是我不同意你。 4）conj. “然而” He is a teacher, while his brother is a doctor. 8. deliver vt. 接生、使分娩；把.递给某人；发
41、表 Her baby was delivered by an experienced doctor. 一位有经验的医生接生了她的宝宝。 The morning mail has been just delivered. 他是老师，而他哥哥是医生。 早上的邮件刚刚被投递出去。 deliver to sb. 把.递给某人 deliver a speech 发表 9. benefit vt. / vi./ n benefit sb./sth 对某人/某物有益 benefit from 从.中获益 be beneficial to / be of much benefit to 对.有好处 for t
42、he benefit of 为了.的利益 It is said that Yoga is of much benefit to health. 据说瑜伽对健康有好处。 10. comment n.& vi. 评论，评注 make a comment/comments on = comment on 评论某人；对做出评论 她对那本书做出了几条评论。 She make several comments on that book. 11. in favour of 支持；赞同 do sb a favour = do a favor for sb帮某人一个忙 in sbs favour 对某人有利 owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情 Will you do me the favor to carry the box? He was willing to bend the rules in his favor. 12. Not everything that is best for nature
