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,汉英语法对比第一讲综合语与分析语,几个概念:形态语序虚词,综合语的特征是运用形态变化来表达语法关系典型代表:拉丁语德语古英语分析语的特征是不用形态变化来表达语法关系。典型代表:汉语,比较两种语言形态I gave him a book.我给他一本书。He has given me two他已经我两本书。booksHis father often gives him他爸爸常常给他一些书。books,1.词中的形态标志词类标记首先是词尾-ment,-ation,-ityr-eror)-ismst,-nessful-al-ativeen,fy,-ize,英语汉语构词词尾(已讲)表人名词、代词复数标构形词尾志“们s表复数,s表领各词有表领属的“的”格定语标志“的”代词有性、数、格、状语标志“地”人称变化动态助词动词有时、体、态、“着”“了”“过”语气等变化时、态、语气往往隐含形容词和副词有级变化,态杯子打破了。The glass was broken据说他来过。I was told that he had been hereThe book is said to have been translated into manyanguages,
