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1、Warehousing management,Private Warehouse,A private warehouse is operated by the firm owning the product.The actual facility,however,may be owned or leased.Often it is not possible to find a warehouse for lease that fits the exact requirements of a firm.,The benefits of Private Warehouse,The major be
2、nefits of private warehousing include control,flexibility,cost,and other intangible benefits.(1)Private warehouses provide more control since the enterprise has absolute decision-making authority over all activities and priorities in the facility.,Drawbacks of private warehouse,(1)When management pe
3、rformance is judged according to return on investment(ROI),the use of private warehousing needs high and steady demand volumes(2)high fixed cost,Public Warehouse,On the basis of the range of specialized operations performed,public warehouses are classified as(1)general merchandise warehouse,(2)refri
4、gerated warehouse,(3)special commodity warehouse,(4)bonded warehouse,and(5)household goods and furniture warehouse.,Public Warehouse,General merchandise warehouse is designed to handIe general package commodities such as paper,metal material,and mechanical and electrical products.Refrigerated wareho
5、use(either frozen or chilled)handles and maintains food,medical items,and chemical products with special temperature requirements.Special commodity warehouse is designed to handle bulk material or items with special handling considerations,such as tires or clothing.,Public Warehouse,Bonded warehouse
6、 is licensed by the government to store goods prior to payment of taxes or duties.Finally,a household goods or furniture warehouse is designed to handle and store large,bulky items such as appliances and furniture.,The benefits of Public Warehouse,(1)From a financial perspective,public warehousing m
7、ay have a lower variable cost than comparable privately operated facilities.(2)When management performance is judged according to return on investment(ROI),the use of public warehousing can substantially increase enterprise return.(3)Public warehousing offers flexibility in that it is easy to change
8、 the location,size,and number of facilities,allowing a firm to quickly respond to supplier,customer,and seasonal demands.,Contract Warehouse,Contract warehousing combines the best characteristics of both private and public operations.(1)Contract warehouse operations can provide benefits of expertise
9、,flexibility,and economies of scale by sharing management,labor,equipment,and information resources across a number of clients.,Contract Warehouse,(2)Contract warehouse operators are also expanding the scope of their services to include other logistics activities such as transportation,inventory con
10、trol,order processing,customer service,and returns processing.,2 Distribution Center,DC Activities,ReceivingPut awayStorageOrder SelectionCheckingPacking and MarkingStaging and Order ConsolidationShippingReplenishmentClerical and Administrative,Receiving:Physically accepting material,unloading that
11、material from inbound transportation mode,verifying quantity and condition of the material and documenting this information as required.Put away:Removing the material from the receiving dock(or other location of receipt),transporting the material to a storage area,recording this movement,and identif
12、ying where the material has been.,Storage:The retention of products for future use or shipment.Order Selection:Selecting or picking the required quantity of specific products for movement to a packing area usually in response to one or more shipping orders and documenting that the material was moved
13、,Checking:Verifying and documenting order selection in terms of product number and quantity.In some cases,this activity includes the verification of product condition or quality.Packing and Marking:Packing or unitizing one or more items of an order into an appropriate container and marking and label
14、ing the container with customer shipping destination data as well as other information that may be required.,Staging and Consolidation:Physically moving material,usually on an order by order basis,from the packing area to a staging area based on a particular outbound vehicle or delivery route,often
15、for shipment consolidation purposes.Shipping:Loading an outbound vehicle with material from the staging area and completing the documentation associated with the movement.,Replenishment:Relocating material from a bulk storage area to an order-pick area and documenting this relocation.Clerical and Ad
16、ministrative:Several related activities necessary for the warehouse operations,such as updating inventory files,maintaining labor and equipment records,cycle counting,etc.,Warehouse Layout Objectives,Use space efficientlyAllow for the most efficient material handlingProvide the most economical stora
17、geCost of equipment Built out vs build upUse of space Space devoted to aisles vs space devoted to storageDamage to materialHandling labor Labor-intensive vs mechanization vs automation Operational efficiency Picker-to-part vs part-to-picker Provide maximum flexibility,in order to meet changing stora
18、ge and handling requirementsMake the warehouse a model of good housekeeping,On a tour,you see the,but you do not see the,We try now to show you the,Trade-offs,Built out vs build up（Cost of equipment）Build outlocation where land is expensiveBuild up a higher warehouse needs special equipment such as
19、high-stacking truck,which generally cost more than the conventional equipment.,Trade-offs,Labor-intensive vs mechanization vs automation（Handling labor）Labor-intensivelabor cost continues to increaseMechanization refers to equipment rather than replace manual workTure automationan absence of human i
20、ntervention,such as AGVs(automatic guilded vehicles),Trade-offs,Space devoted to aisles vs space devoted to storage（Use of space）Space devoted to aisles reduce the chances of accidents and product damage,but they increase the travel distances within a facility.,Trade-offs,Space devoted to storagenar
21、rower aisles can increase the space utilization of a facility but often require special equipment,such as a narrow-aisle lift truck to do so.,Trade-offs,Picker-to-part vs part-to-picker（Operational efficiency）Picker-to-part an order picker gets to where a part is located,with forklift or other vehicle.Part-to-picker the parts are brought to the picker with carousels or conveyor.,
