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1、,连词和并列句conjunctions and coordinating sentences,一,并列连词,01,并列,03,02,04,转折,选择,因果,01,并列关系,The girl runs to the boy.,The girl runs to the boy and gives him a hug.,The girl gives the boy a hug.,Describe the girls action in this Gif,Go straight on,and youll see the library.,Excuse me.Could you tell me wher
2、e is the hospital?,=If you go straight on,youll see the library.,并列关系and,及时巩固,她戴上帽子，打开门就出去了。她找不到妈妈，于是哭了起来。一直往前走，你就会看到图书馆。,She put on her hat,opened the door and went out.,She couldnt find her mother and began to cry.,Go straight on,and youll see the library.,The girl is a doctor.,The boy is a doctor
3、.,Both the boy and the girl are doctors.,并列关系and,翻译下列句子,及时巩固,BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems.,纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。,Ididallthisbothforyouandformyself.我,我做这一切是为了你，也为我自己。,BothsheandSophiawerepleasedwiththegirl.,她和索菲娅都喜欢这个姑娘。,Cai Xukun is singing.,Cai Xukun is dancing.,Cai Xukun can sing and dance.,Cai
4、 Xukun can not only sing but also dance.,并列关系and,及时巩固,Not only you but also he likes football.,不仅你而且他也喜欢足球,他不仅是一位作家，而且是一位演员。,He is not only a writer but also an actor。,He plays not only the piano but also the violin.,他不仅弹钢琴,而且拉提琴。,不但吉姆而且他的两个妹妹也是医生。,Not only Jim but also his two sisters are doctors.,
5、Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.,不仅那位老师，而且学生们也反对该项计划。,不仅学生们，而且那位老师也反对该项计划。,Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.,The teacher as well as students was against the plan.,Students as well as the teacher were against the plan.,并列关系as well as,及时巩
6、固,Not only you but also he likes football.,不仅你而且他也喜欢足球,他不仅是一位作家，而且是一位演员。,He is not only a writer but also an actor。,He plays not only the piano but also the violin.,他不仅弹钢琴,而且拉提琴。,不但吉姆而且他的两个妹妹也是医生。,Not only Jim but also his two sisters are doctors.,I have not seen this teleplay.,Lucy has not seen thi
7、s teleplay.,Neither Lucy nor I have seen this teleplay,Neither I nor Lucy has seen this teleplay,并列关系neither nor,及时巩固,吉姆和他两个妹妹都不是医生。,他既不喜欢足球也不喜欢篮球。,Neither Jim nor his two sisters are not doctors.,He likes neither football nor basketball.,我既不喜欢也不关心足球比赛。,I neither like nor care football game.,翻译下列句子,
8、小结,表示并列关系,谓语动词的单复数：and both A and B,A as well as Bnot only A but also Bneither A nor B,复数,B,谓语动词最近的一个主语,A,02,转折关系,I missed you but I missing you 明明已经错过你，但是我却还在想念你 I missing you but I missed you 明明还在想念你，但是我却错过了你I see you but I seeing you 明明已经别离，却有再次相见I seeing you but I see you 当我们再次相见时却不得不说再见,Im very
9、 busy today but I will be free tomorrow.,我今天很忙但是明天空闲。,表示转折关系not A but B 做主语时，谓语动词根据B来决定,Not he but we the winners.Not you but he playing the game.,are,is,Yet the house was cheerful.,表示转折关系，可用在句首,I dont know him,yet I can get his help.,Although its raining,yet we dont want to stop.,前句有although时，后句不能出
10、现but，可出现yet,这件事听起来虽然奇怪，然而却是真的。,My sister likes dancing,while I would rather sing.,while表示转折关系，两者有强烈的对比,小结,表示转折关系：but，yet,whilenot A but B,谓语动词由B决定。yet 可用与句首，前句有although,后句只能用 yetWhile表示两者有强烈的对比,03,选择关系,Or用在祈使句后表示如果否则,选择关系：or,either or,If your wife and your mother fall into the river at the same time
11、,who will you save first,your wife or your mother?,老婆,妈妈,I cant swim.Save me first,or Ill die.,I also cant swim.Save me first,or youll lose your mother.,Or 表选择,I cant swim.If you do not save me first,Ill die.,I also cant swim.If you do not save me first,you will lose your other,Either your wife or y
12、our mother is going to fall into river tomorrow.Who do you want to fall into river?,Notice,一般表示选择关系，在否定句中可表示并列。,or,A or B做主语时，谓语动词根据B来定。,祈使句后连接or，表“如果否则”,either.or.,要么要么,表示选择关系，两者之一。连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与就近的主语在人称和数上保持一致,及时巩固,She cant read or write.,He or I am going to go shopping.,Hurry up,or youll be late
13、.,When the girl is happy,she either sings or dances.,Either you or I am going there tomorrow.,她不会读书和写字。,他或者我会去购物。,快点，否则你会迟到的。,那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。,明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。,04,因果关系,原 因,for“因为”,表示因果关系，补充说明理由，不能置于句首,The days were short,for it was now December.白天很短，因为现在已经是十二月。,so“因此，所以”表示因果关系，强调结果前面because，后面不能出现so。
14、,He got up late,so he didnt catch the bus.Because he got up late,he didnt catch the bus.,Conclusion,并列关系,and，both A and B not only A but also BA as well as B neither A nor B,butnot A but B,yet,while,for,so,oreither A or B,转折关系,因果关系,选择关系,名词性从句,状语从句,从属连词,01,02,连词（conjunction),简单句（simple sentence),简单句(
15、simple sentence),从属连词subordinating conjunctions,从属连词(Subordinating conjunction)是用来引导从句的连词。由从属连词所引导的句子叫作从句，而含有从句的句子叫作复合句。,从句,主(n)谓(v)宾(n)定(adj.)状(adv.)补表(n)同(n),主 谓 宾 定 状 补表 同,简单句,01,名词性从句,名词性从句,本质,三种句子充当四种成分,主(n)宾(n)表(n)同(n),我知道王祖蓝比他妻子矮。,I know(that)Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,王祖蓝比他妻子矮,Wang
16、 Zulan is shorter than his wife.,1.1 一般疑问句句充当宾语,王祖蓝比他妻子矮是真的。,Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife is true.,That Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife is true.,头重脚轻,it,It is true that Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife,1.2 一般疑问句充当主语,王祖蓝比他妻子矮,Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,王祖蓝比他妻子矮。,Wang Zulan is
17、shorter than his wife.,事实是王祖蓝比他妻子矮。,The fact is Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,The fact is that Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,1.3 一般疑问句句充当表语,王祖蓝比他妻子矮。,事实是王祖蓝比他妻子矮。,我知道这个事实：王祖蓝比他妻子矮。,Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,The fact is that Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,We know fact t
18、hat Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,1.2 一般疑问句句充当同位语,1.陈述句充当四种句子成分,2.宾语从句,I know(that)Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,1.主语从句,That Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife is true.,3.表语从句,The fact is that Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,4.同位语从句,We know fact that Wang Zulan is shorter than hi
19、s wife.,2.一般疑问句句充当句子成分,王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗？,Is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,我想知道王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗.,I want to know is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,Yes/No,whether/if,I want to know whether/if is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,I want to know whether/if Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,一般疑问句,2.一般疑问句句充当
20、句子成分,用whether/if引导，if只能引导宾语从句，whether可以引导主语、宾语、表语，同位语从句。,2.一般疑问句变陈述语气。,2.1一般疑问句句充当主语,王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗？,Is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,王祖蓝比他的妻子矮不矮不重要.,Whether is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife is not important.,Whether Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife is not important.,2.2一般疑问句句充当宾语,王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗？,
21、Is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,我不知道王祖蓝比他的妻子矮不矮。,I dont know whether/if is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,I dont know whether/if Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,2.3一般疑问句句充当表语,王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗？,Is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,我的问题是王祖蓝比他的妻子矮不矮。,My question is whether Wang Zulan is shorter
22、than his wife.,My question is whether is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,2.4一般疑问句句充当同位语,王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗？,Is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,我有个问题：王祖蓝比他的妻子矮不矮。,I have a question whether Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,I have a question whether is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,2.一般疑问句充当四种句子成分,
23、2.2宾语从句,I dont know whether/if Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,2.1主语从句,2.3表语从句,My question is whether Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,2.4同位语从句,I have a question whether Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,Whether Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife is not important.,3.特殊疑问句句充当句子成分,用what,w
24、ho,which,when,where,why,how引导主语、宾语、表语，同位语从句。,2.一般疑问句变陈述语气。,3.1 特殊疑问句句充当主语,Why is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,为什么王祖蓝比他的妻子矮？,为什么王祖蓝比他的妻子矮不重要。,Why is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife isnt important.,陈述语气,Why Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife isnt important.,3.2 特殊疑问句句充当宾语,Why is Wang Zulan shor
25、ter than his wife?,为什么王祖蓝比他的妻子矮？,我不知道为什么王祖蓝比他的妻子矮。,I dont know why is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,陈述语气,I dont know why Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,2.3特殊疑问句句充当表语,为什么王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗？,Is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,我的问题是为什么王祖蓝比他的妻子矮不矮。,My question is why Wang Zulan is shorter than his w
26、ife.,My question is why is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,陈述语气,2.4一般疑问句句充当同位语,为什么王祖蓝比他的妻子矮吗？,Why is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife?,我有个问题：王祖蓝比他的妻子矮不矮。,I have a question why Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife,I have a question why is Wang Zulan shorter than his wife.,陈述语气,3.特殊疑问句充当四种句子成分,3.2宾语从
27、句,I dont know why Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,3.1主语从句,3.3表语从句,My question is why Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,3.4同位语从句,I have a question why Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife.,Why Wang Zulan is shorter than his wife is not important.,连词（conjunction),主句（main clause),从句（subordinatin
28、g clause),众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。,这会给我们带来坏处还是好处尚需拭目以待。,We all know,that the earth moves around the sun.,Whether it will do us harm or good,remains to be seen.,Discussion,谁打这个电话给我并不重要。,Who made the call to me,is not important.,你正在做的事情很有趣。,What you are doing,is very interesting.,Exercise,问题是这本书是否值得一读。,The quest
29、ion is whether the book is worth reading.,我想知道他是否能很快回来。,I want to know whether/if he will come back soon.,The question why he did it has not been answered.,他为什么那样做的问题还没被回答。,我的意见是我们应当坚持我们的计划。,My idea is that we should stick to our plan.,02,状语从句,连词（conjunction),主句（main clause),从句（subordinating clause)
30、,时间状语从句,before 在之前,after 在之后,She turned off the light,她离开教室前关了灯。,她关了灯。,她离开教室。,她离开教室后关了灯。,她关了灯。,她离开教室。,She turned off the light,before（she）left the classroom.,after（she)left the classroom.,时间状语从句,当她离开教室的时候关了灯。,她关了灯。,她离开教室。,When 当时候,She turned off the light,当时候 when/while/as,I sang while(I was)cooking
31、.,I sang while my father was cooking.,I sang as I cooked.,when（she）left the classroom.,汤姆在教室等着直到雨停。,Tom waited in the classroom,Tom didnt go home until the rain stopped.,汤姆直到雨停才回家。,not until 直到才,时间状语从句,till/until 直到为止,till/until the rain stopped.,时间状语从句,自从下雨后，汤姆就一直待在教室。,Tom has stayed in classroom,s
32、ince 自从,一下雨，汤姆就妈妈打电话。,As soon as it rains,as soon as 一就,since it rained.,Tom calls his mother.,时间状语从句,一旦下雨了，你就应该给你妈妈打电话。,Once it rains,you should call your mother.,once 一旦,时间状语从句,before 在之前,after 在之后,when/while/as 当时候,till/until 直到为止,not until 直到才,since 自从,as soon as 一就,once 一旦,Excersice,他一边走一边唱歌。,2
33、.她在离开办公室前关了灯。,3.我将在这儿等着直到雨停。,4.他一到北京就给我打电话。,As soon as he gets to Beijing,hell call me.,Ill wait here till the rain stops.,She turned off the light before she left the office.,He sang as he walked.,原因状语从句,because,for,since,as,He didnt go to school because he was ill.,As it was raining,we went there
34、by bus.,Since everybody is here,lets begin.,It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.,条件状语从句,unless,If you dont go soon,youll be late.,You will not fail unless you work hard.,如果,if,除非,让步状语从句,虽然,即使，尽管,though,although,no matter what,even though/if,Although/Though/Even though/Even if he is
35、alone,he is happy.,无论,Nobody believed you no matter what you said.,目的状语从句,为了,so that,in order that,The teacher speaks loudly in order that/so that every student can hear her clearly.,方式状语从句,as 按照，正如,We did as he told us.,as if/though好像，似乎,I remember the whole thing as if/though it happened yesterday
36、.so.that,结果状语从句,so后接形容词或副词；若名词之前many、much、little、few时，用so。,so.that 如此 以至于,He was so excited to see her that he couldnt say a word.,She has so little education that she is unable to get a job.,比较状语从句,than比,as.as.和 一样,not as.as不如那样,I know you better than she does,He works as carefully as she.,I cant run as fast as you.,地点状语从句,Where there is a will,there is a way.,You can take it with you wherever you go.,Wherever 无论哪里,where 哪里,
