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1、武汉工业学院毕业论文外文参考文献译文本2013届 译 文 出 处： 万方数据库 毕业论文题目：政府宏观调控对房地产市场研究 院 （系）： 土 建 学 院 专业名称： 建 筑 工 程 管 理 学生姓名： 学生学号： 100608110 指导教师： 2013年4月25日Chinas Urban Real Estate Industry and Socio-economic Development Relations and Optimized Research QI Xijing LI Jiang ZHANG ZhengangAbstract: The article proves that re
2、al estate is close relate to other industries and socio-economic environment. And also descript upstream and downstream relationships between real estate and national economy. In view of present real estate industry to economic growth technical progress factor algorithm existence insufficiency. Usin
3、g the improved formula, we measured that Shenyang, in 2006 the real estate industrys contribution to economic growth for the 12.32%,Pulling effect, real estate for economic growth to 2.18%.From this we know that the real estate is Shenyangs economic pillar industry. Shenyangs economic is excessive d
4、ependence on real estate. The article give some suggestions about actively cultivate other industries and to promote the coordinated development of the socio-economic. Key words:real estate, socio-economic, the contribution rate, pillar industry, coordinated development.1. INTRODUCTION Real estate i
5、s a independent industry, is in industrialization, urbanization and the rise of modernization and development process and the formation, and also in promoting the above-mentioned process and development and has become a modern socio-economic system an important component. Real estate and other indus
6、tries are very closely related. Its has a very long industrial chain,can directly or indirectly affect the development of relevant industries. In a Operating cycle of the national economy, if the real estate industry has been a good development,Other industries will be a very good reproduction. At e
7、ach stage of the economic cycle, the realestate industry often has a good model, the guiding role (Liu 2006).2. THE QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT This article holds that the Relations of the real estate and other industries a
8、s well as with social and economic environment, as shown in Figure 1. 2.1 The Real Estate Industry on the National Economy of the Backward Linkages Backward linkages, commonly known as investment driven refers to the real estate industry because of their own development needs, for providing the driv
9、ing factors of production affect the industry. For example, the construction industry, building materials industry, metallurgy industry, finance and insurance industries. On Shenyangs case, its main industries,including real estate-related products for the great demand, Requires a large amount of re
10、al estate funds, real estate is an important building of the urban economy based on goods.2.2 The Real Estate Industry on the National Economy of the Forward Linkages Forward linkages, commonly known as driving sales means the real estate industry because of their own development needs, while relyin
11、g on the industrial products industry to promote the demand generated by the impact. For example, the textile industry, household appliances, decoration, kitchen equipment, finance and insurance industries. Shenyang City on the case, the principal of the related industries, including real estate ind
12、ustry to promote the role of the real estate industry to promote the role of the financial industry, real estate is the societys workforce to improve the quality of production and pre-conditions.2.3 The Real Estate Industry on the National Economy of the Surround Linkages Surround linkages is due to
13、 their own development needs of the real estate industry, and indirectly influenced by the stimulation of, access to the development of power industry in the promotion of the impact. For example, transportation, automobile manufacturing and sales of municipal public facilities, culture and education
14、. Shenyang City on the case, including its main real estate development of the national economy provided an important material conditions, the real estate industry is an important source of capital accumulation, the development of the real estate industry to optimize the structure of urban consumpti
15、on.3. THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY OF SHENYANG, THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF THE QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH AND STIMULATING 3.1 National Bureau of Statistics Provides the Basic Algorithm Relating to the definition of a year the real estate industry in Shenyang City contribution rate of economic growth, contr
16、ibute to the national economic growth rate of percentage points (National Bureau of Statistics.China 2007).can be determined using the following equation: A=B/C (1) D=AE (2) A = Real estates contribution to economic growth rate B = The added value of the real estate industry C = The added value of G
17、DP D = The real estate industry to the national economic growth the proportion of contribution E = Percentage points of economic growth According to Shenyang Statistical Yearbook (Bureau of Shenyang City 2008) and so on, could be the real estate industry in Shenyang City in recent years have contrib
18、uted to economic growth process and the results of calculations, are shown in Table 1. Therefore, in 2005, 2006 and 2007, Shenyang City, the real estate industrys contribution to economic growth rates were5.55%, 8.99% and9.36%; the above-mentioned three years, Shenyang City, the real estate industry
19、s contribution to economic growth, namely 0.99, 1.46and 1.66 percentage points. 3.2 National Bureau of Algorithm Flaws According to the National Bureau of Statistics of the existing provisions, the added value in realestate accounting, the existence of the following problems or defects, resulting in
20、 the current accounting statistics to the real estate value is often lower than their actual value: (1) Due to incomplete data, not included in the calculation of non-real estate enterprises, urban residents are engaged in for profit activities, as well as rental income;(2) Existing urban and rural
21、residents own the housing depreciation rate each year by 2% to 4% of the demolition in the city, speed up transformation of the cases, it may be too low; (3) At historical cost (original value) as the basis for calculating depreciation base housing, to the neglect of actual housing value-added marke
22、t value (an assessment of transaction prices), leading to severe low depreciation charges; (4) By real income as the total outputs, underestimated the benefits of government subsidies of housing (affordable housing, low-rent housing) the value of realestate affects the total output. Residents of the
23、 underestimation of value added services. Thus, by adjusting the added value of housing services, amendments to the National Bureau of Statistics in the accounting methods of the present real estate value has been underestimated. 3.3 The National Bureau of Statistics for the Current Method of Calcul
24、ating the Necessary Changes Underestimated for housing services for urban residents to increase the value of the actual, as amended,the added value of real estate can be determined using the following equation: B=P-F-I (3) F=GH (4) I=JK (5) J=LM12NO (6) F = the current statistics to increase the val
25、ue of housing services G = current statistics of total housing expenditure H = existing housing statistics service added value of the proportion of total output I = the actual added value of housing services Table 1: J = the actual total output of housing services K = the actual total output of hous
26、ing services in the proportion of added value L = real estate prices M = the ratio of rental and sale of N = Urban population O = per capita living space P = the added value of the current real estate statistics Increase the total output value accounting for 50%; rental ratio is the monthly rental p
27、rice (rent) and the ratio of housing prices is generally believed that its range isa reasonable one ninety 1:150, as the current high housing prices, this article uses the ratio of 1:150. In order to use the above formula to estimate the added value of real estate, now under the Shenyang Statistical
28、 Yearbook (Bureau of Shenyang City 2008). In recent years, finishing out of the city of Shenyang on the basis of the data, are shown in Table 2. Thus, in accordance with Table 2 data, the use of type (4) can calculate the current statistics of total output of housing services, according to type (6)
29、can calculate the actual total output of housing services, and then use (4), type (5), you can calculate the current statistics to increase the value of housing services and the actual increase in the value of housing services, and according to type (3) has been amended in recent years in Shenyang C
30、ity after the real estate value, and are listed in Table 3. The calculated results using the above adjustment of GDP, that is, adjusted GDP = GDP- the added value of real estate statistics real estate + real added value, and finally, according to type (1), type (2), can be calculated as amended (adj
31、usted) in Shenyang City after the real estate industry in recent years, the contribution to economic growth and on economic growth (GDP) percentage points driven, and the results are summarized in Table 4. This article holds that the National Bureau of Statistics revised the method more scientific c
32、onclusions, and Shenyang, in 2007 the real estate industrys contribution to economic growth to 12.32 percent, for economic growth to 2.18 percentage points more in line with reality.4. THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY IS THE PILLAR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SHENYANG INDUSTRY The so-called pillar industries, mainly
33、in a historical period, to a country or a regions economic and social development play a basic role, great benefits; have a profound impact on the industry. The use of the added value of Chinas exports, the number of practitioners, industry association, the industrial concentration, technological ma
34、turity, income elasticity of demand, economic benefits, such as the continued growth of 9 reference standards, and its added value should be accounted for more than 5% of GDP. 4.1 Good Prospects for the Real Estate Market Moreover, the accelerated urbanization process, the revitalization of old indu
35、strial base, Shenyang advantage of regional cities, such as consolidation, which will have an enormous role in pushing forward. Therefore, the realestate industry will continue to contribute to the economic development of the higher rate of employment and improve social conditions and raise living s
36、tandards of residents, such as play a significant role.4.2 The Development of the Real Estate Industry will be More Mature At present, Shenyang has the real estate industry has a high degree of concentration and a certain level of technology. Moreover, in order to more extensive and intense competit
37、ion to achieve sustainable development, the real estate industry will further improve the management and further promote the technology and high grade products, eco-friendly. At the same time, including the development, intermediaries, agents, property management of the concentration of various indu
38、stries, as well as their own in the real estate market share, will also be further expanded. 4.3 The Development of the Real Estate Market will be More Normative Land market directly affects the level of the healthy development of the real estate industry. Shenyang further regulates the land market
39、transactions, the full realization of market-oriented transactions, and strictly regulates the accumulation of land, extension of the development of behavior. At present, the international community increase the stock of housing and housing market in general as the ratio of 1:1 1:2.5 and the maturit
40、y of the real estate market higher, the higher the rate of second-hand housing transactions. Therefore, the positive cultivation, the development of the stock of housing markets, housing demand elasticity to achieve appropriate level of housing vacancy reasonable prices and other income will also be
41、 appropriate should have its characteristics. 4.4 Status of the Real Estate Industry a Pillar Industry with a Phased In different stages of socio-economic development, as the main driving factors of the different stages usually a pillar industry or constantly changing. A pillar industry in Western d
42、eveloped countries have experienced in order to land, resources for support of agriculture, traditional processing, steel, chemicals, automobiles and machinery and capital-intensive industries, as well as funds for the financial support to high-tech and information technology support data such as in
43、formation and bio-engineering phase. In our country, capital, knowledge and technology in support of the financial industry, software and computer services, information transmission services, advertising, real estate development industry and other knowledge-intensive industries, traditional industri
44、es are being replaced by the Beijing and other cities the advantage of industry. The real estate industry has been and will continue to be a pillar industry in the urban economy. Moreover, for continuing to perform their proper effect, to avoid negative impact on the real estate industry and the com
45、munity will be further integration of capital, technology and human resources advantages, to increase the comparative advantage of industries and urban competitiveness, at the same time to extend the industrial chain, and strengthen industrial relations, improving industry support.5. TO PLAY DOWN TH
46、E STATUS OF THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY A PILLAR INDUSTRY THINKING At present, the real estate industry in Shenyang as well as a pillar industry in our country indeed, and socio-economic development impact is extremely important. However, the long-term, excessive reliance on the real estate industry, w
47、ill Chinas social and economic sustainable development a certain degree of risk. 5.1 China and Hong Kong Real Estate Market in Resource Endowment Differences In spite of drawing on the Hong Kong real estate development experience, but China (mainland) the basic national conditions and Hong Kong, Singapore and other major difference. Hong Kong, Singapore are “city-state economy” (city-state economy), a city is an independent economy. As a result of natural factors such as restrictions on the syste
