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1、动 名 词,structure,1，动名词的作用（主，表，宾，定）2，动名词的逻辑主语3，动名词的时态和语态（被动，完成）,一，动名词的作用:主语，表语，宾语，定语,剑8,T1,WSome people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society.Others,however,believe that school is the place to learn this.,(一)动名词-作主语,Educating children to understand the need to obey
2、 rules and respect others always begins in the home.(剑8,T1,W)However,learning to understand and share the value system of a whole society cannot be achieved just in the home.(剑8,T1,W),【练】如果我生别人的气，就意味着我让别人控制了自己的情绪。Getting mad at others means other people are getting control of my emotions.,【知识点】动名词做主
3、语时，位置要求：一般放句首，谓语动词用单数有时候放句末，仅限于某些特定的句型。,It is no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收【句型一】：It is no use/good doing sth.It is hard work doing sth.It is a joy/pleasure doing sth.It is worthwhile doing sth.【句型二】：There is no point/use/good(in)doing sth.“干某事没有必要/没有意义/没有用”,【练1/2】冬夜坐在炉边读书是一大乐趣。（雅思口语）It is a
4、 great pleasure doing some reading at the fireside on a winter night.【练2/2】等到老了再说“我会对这个或那个发生兴趣”就没用了。Its no use starting to say when you are old“I will take an interest in this or that.”,(二)动名词-作表语,If the job is running a small business or an autonomous unit within a larger business,high achievers sh
5、ould be sought.（剑6，T3，R）如果工作是经营一家小型的企业，或者是较大企业中的一个独立部门，就应该寻找能力强的人。,Peter:Another odd thing I see would be girls holding hands.If two girls their age did that in Britain we would think they were gay!Nick:Its just because girls get very close to each other and treat them as sisters.Peter:I think thats
6、 very touching but Im glad the boys dont do that!,(三)动名词-作宾语(动宾，介宾）,When the local government in Cambridge,England,considered introducing Singaporean techniques,it faced vocal and ultimately successful opposition.（剑3，T4，R）【T/F/NG】The government in England succeed in introducing Singaporean technique
7、.,后面一般接动名词作宾语的动词,详见附录,在介词后面做宾语,【知识点】介词+n./doing.As an alternative to using a single-occupancy vehicle,carpooling involves two or five commuters sharing a vehicle.Q:What is carpooling?,(四)动名词-定语,动名词做定语，一般表示所修饰的名词的用途。比较少见，远没有现在分词做定语常见。a growing number of people【练】分院帽；安眠药；梳妆台；出发点sorting hat sleeping pi
8、lldressing table starting point,二，动名词的逻辑主语,判断区别：Nick insisted on reading the letter.Nick insisted on my reading the letter.【知识点】：动名词的复合结构:所有格/宾格/普通格动名词,【练1/2】Tom拒绝接受邀请，这让我很恼火。Tom refused to accept the invitation,and it makes me angry.It makes me angry that.(主语从句）Tom refused to accept the invitation,
9、which makes me angry.（定语从句）Toms refusing to accept the invitation makes me angry.（动名词做主语）,【练2/2】It is a very burning issue.It-That governments must take action to prevent individuals from harming our environment.Governments taking action to prevent individuals from harming our environment is a very
10、burning issue.,三，动名词的时态和语态（被动，完成）,=doing,=having been done,=being done,=having done,【练1/4】I remember my parents taking me to the zoo for the first time.-I still remember _ to the zoo for the first time.【分析】Remember doing+被动=remember being doneKEY:being taken,【练2/4】Mark often attempts to escape _(fin
11、e)whenever he breaks traffic regulations.【分析】escape doing+被动=escape being doneKEY:being fined,【练3/4】她不能确定是否做过什么错事。She was not sure of _.【分析】of doing+完成=of having doneKEY:having done anything wrong.,【练4/4】我们的现代文明不能被认为是短时间内创造出来的。Our modern civilization can not be thought of as _(create)in a short peri
12、od of time.【分析】as doing+被动+完成=as having been doneKEY:having been created,the end,复习,1，动名词的作用（主，表，宾，定）2，动名词的逻辑主语3，动名词的时态和语态（被动，完成）【课后练习】：P90，一，1-10P93，四，1，2，4，6，7,高分作文句子,【练】得出结论说变化不可避免并不等同于假定“变化总是朝着好的方向”。（剑6,T4,W）Reaching the conclusion that change is inevitable is not the same as assuming that“chang
13、e is always for the better.”,【课后练习】此外，国家如果不让高中成绩未达标准的学生受高等教育，可能会因此埋没一个未来的爱因斯坦。-(教育话题）make ones markshigher education/tertiary educationEinsteinFurthermore,by denying higher education to students who do not make their marks in their secondary education,the country may be ignoring a future Einstein.BO
14、NUS：Edison,Darwin,the Wright brothers,Socrates,Plato,【课后练习】由于用CAI学习有着这些独特的优点,所以，没有什么东西可以抵得上做自己学习上的主人的自由,使自己的知识不断更新的乐趣以及对更多未知领域的好奇.-(现代科技）is worth/compensate forBecause of these unique advantages offered by CAI,nothing can compensate for the freedom to be my own master in learning,the pleasure of keeping my knowledge up-to-date,and curiosity about more unknown fields.Bonus:CAI/CIAComputer Aided Instruction,
