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1、The Attributive Clause,定语从句,I like,quiet,music.,I like,music,that is quiet,.,定语从句,1.,什么是定语从句？,2.,什么是先行词？,3.,什么是关系代词和关系副词？如何确定？,4.,如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句？,Learn to discover,I know,a girl,who likes red,.,两个句子,定语从句,两个词,主,句,从句,？,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句,子叫定语从句。,主句,从句,1.I know a girl,who likes red.,完整的句子是主句,不完整的句子是从句,2
2、.,Jim reads books,which are fun.,3.Do you know the things and persons,that they are talking about?,先行词,被定语从句修饰的词,两个词,关系代词,who,which,that,定语从句,在,复合句,中修饰某一,名词,或,代词,的从句叫,定语,从句。,先行词：,被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫,先行词,。,定语从句一般放在先行词后面。,而汉语中,的定语则放在被修饰词之前,。,关系词：,引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为,关系,代词,（,that,which,who,whom,whose,),和,关系
3、,副词,（,when,where,why,),。关系代词在从,句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系副词,在句中作状语。,Mary is a,beautiful,girl.,形容词作定语,Mary is a girl,who is beautiful,.,句子作定语,修饰,girl,叫做,定语从句,I like,music,that/which,I can dance to.,先行词,关系代词,定语从句,I like the,singer,who,is beautiful.,I like the,movie,that,is funny.,I still remember the first,ti
4、me,when,I met,her,.,Learn to think,先行词,决定,关系代词,关系代词,先行词,人,who,that,whom,宾语,物,人和物,which,that,that,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个句子,Mary is a girl,who has long hair.,I have,an apple,.,An apple,is red.,I have,an apple,that,is red.,修饰先行词,an apple,I have,some,friends,.,Some friends,like sports
5、.,I have some,friends,who,like sports,.,修饰先行词,friends,I like the movie.The movie is exciting,.,I like the movie,that,is exciting,.,that,修饰先行词,movie,The woman is a teacher.,T,he woman lives next door.,The woman,who,lives next door is a teacher.,who,修饰先行词,woman,Match the two sentences,1.Im reading a b
6、ook.The book is about Bill Gates.,Im reading a book,that/which,is about Bill Gates,.,_,2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese.,He is a teacher,who/that,teaches us Chinese.,_,3.I dont like the man.He is smoking.,I dont like the man,who,is smoking.,_,4.Where is the picture?You bought it last
7、 week.,Where is the picture,that,you bought last week?,_,1.,关系代词,that,which,引导的定语从句,:,如果,先行词,是表示,物,的,名词或代词,，关系,代词应用,that,、,which.(,作,主语,或,宾语,),which/that,作,主语,.,(,不能省,),This is a dream.,The dream will never come true.,This is a dream,which/that,will never come true.,（作主语）,The dog has been found.,The
8、 dog was lost.,The dog,that/which,was lost has been found.,Practise:,1.This is the house.The house is for sale,This is the house,that/which,is for sale.,which/that,作,宾语,：,（可省略）,This is the card.,Ive just received the card.,(,),This is the card which/that Ive just received.,（作宾语）,Practise:,1.This is
9、the mistake.I always make mistake.,This is the mistake,(,which/that,),I always make,2.I still keep the letters.She wrote the letters,to me,.,I still keep the letters,which,she wrote to me.,2.,关系代词,who,that,whom,引导的定语,从句,:,如果,先行词,是表示,人,的名词或代词，,关系代词应用,who,that(,作,主语,或,宾语,),whom(,作,宾语,),who/that,作,主语,.
10、(,不能省,),This is the film star.,The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star,who,/that,is very,popular in China.(,作主语,),Practise:,1.The boy called Roy.The boy broke the,window.,The boy,who/that,broke the window is called,Roy.,who/whom/that,作,宾语,：,(,可省略,),The man is a famous writer.,H
11、e described the man just now.,The man,(who/whom/that),he described,just now is a famous writer.(,作宾语）,Practise:,1.,The thief has been sent to prison.,The police caught the thief last night.,The thief,(who/that/whom),the police caught,last night has been sent to prison.,小结：,1).that,既可指,人,，也可指,物,，,作主语
12、,，,不能省略,；,作宾语，可以省略,。,2).which,指,物,，,作主语，不能省略,；,作,宾语，可以省略,.,3).who,指,人,，,作主语，不能省略,；,作宾语,可以省略,（常用,whom,）,注,:,当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语,从句,的,谓语动词形式,由,先行词,定。,?,定语从句的用法,:,?,当先行词是,物,时,用,which,或,that,引导,.,These are the trees,which,were planted last year.,?,当先行词是,人,时,用,who,whom,whose,that,引导,.,?,who,whom,whose,tha
13、t,用法区别,.,?,who,作定语从句的,主,语或,宾,语,.,The man,who,is speaking at the,meeting is a worker.,分解,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,作主语,?,Whom,作定语从句的,宾语,The woman,whom,they wanted,to visit is a teacher.,分解,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,作宾语,?,whose,作定语从句的,定,语,.,
14、I know the girl,whose,mother is a,teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The,girls,mother is a teacher.,作定语,?,that,可以作定语从句的,主,语和,宾,语,.,注意,:,关系代词作动词宾语时可,省略,.,The woman,(whom/that),they,wanted to visit is a teacher.,有时,只能用,that,不,用,which,常见的情况有六种：,1.,当先行词是,all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,eve
15、rybody,nobody,everyone,no one,或,被它们修饰,时。,1).Thats,all,that,I know.,2).Is there,anything,that,I can do for you?,3).He answered,few,questions,that,the teacher,asked.,2.,当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,1).That is,the most interesting,book,that,I,have ever read.,2).,The first,thing,that,I should do is to review my,l
16、essons.,3.,当先行词有,the very,the only,the same,等修,饰时。,1).Thats,the only,thing,that,I can do now.,2).These are the very words that he used.,4.,当主句以,who,或,which,开头时，定语从句,的关系词,用,that,而,不用,which,或,who.,W,ho is the girl,that,spoke to you just now?,W,hich is the pen,that,you lost?,5.,先行词同时包括,人或物,时，关系词,用,that
17、.,The man,and,his dog,that,I always meet are,standing by the gate.,关系代词只用,which,不用,that,情况,1.,关系代词前有介词。,2.,先行词本身是,that.,whose,作,定语,表示所属关系。,The boy is my classmate.,The,boys,father is a policeman.,The boy,whose,father is a policeman,is my,classmate.,【巧学妙记】,定语从句的用法,主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。,从句紧跟先行词，关系词引导要弄清。,定
18、人要用,who,或,whom,，定物,which,当先用。,关系代词用,that,，定人定物有本领。,when,用来定时间，,where,用来定地点。,关系代词作成分，唯作宾语可省略。,Exercise 1:,用关系代词填空,1.,The boy _ is playing ping-pong is,who/that,my classmate.,2.,The e-mail _ I received yesterday,which/that,was from my sister.,who/that,3.,I hate people _ talk much but,do little.,which/
19、that,4.,The car _ my father bought last,month is very beautiful.,5.The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.,whose,6.Is there a student _ father is a,business man?,whose,7.This is the house in _ we have lived,for 10 years.,which,8.Ive never heard of,the people and things,_ you talked about just no
20、w.,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词,只能用,that.,Exercise 2.,1.,My father and his teacher talked a lot about,that,the persons and things _ they couldnt,remember.,that,2.,Say,all,_ you know.,3.,Is there anything _ I can do for you?,that,当先行词是,something,anything,nothing,all,等词时，关系代词只能用,that.,4.This is the first pla
21、y _ I have seen,that,since I came here.,5.This is the best novel _ I have read.,that,当先行词被,序数词，最高级,等词修饰时，关系,代词只能用,that.,6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?,that,7.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.,that,当主句是,who,或,which,引导的特殊疑问句,，而,中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用,that.,先行词,决定,关系代词,从句中的谓语动词形式,li
22、kes,1.I know,a girl,who _(like)red.,are,2.Jim reads,books,which_(be)fun,.,先行词,先行词,3.Do you know,the things and persons,先行词,are,that they _(be)talking about?,定语从句中的主谓一致,has,The mp4 that _ been given to me is home-,made.(have),am,I,who _ your classmate,will share the,work with you.(be),关系代词做从句的主语时，,从句
23、,的,谓语,动,词的人称和数要与先行词,保持一致,，先行,词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形,式。,Learn to practice,1.Tom is one of the boys that,are,_(be)from the USA.,is,2.Tom is the only boy that_(be),from the USA.,have,He is one of the students who _ made,great progress.,Mr Wang is the only one of my friends who,has,_ been invited to have di
24、nner with us.,(have),【注意】,one of,+,复数名词作先行词时，从句的,谓语动词用,复数,形式。但若,one,前有,the,（,only,）,the,（,just,）,the,（,very,）,修饰时，从句的谓语动词用,单数,形式,1.I have a friend _ likes listening to,who/that,classical music.,2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the,which/that,new dress _ I gave her.,3.The man _ leg broke in a,whose,matc
25、h used to be a football player.,4.My parents live in a house_,which/that,is more than 100 years old.,whom,5.The boy with _ John spoke is,my brother.,which/that,6.Kevin is reading a book _,is too difficult for him.,7.Is there anything _ you want,that,to buy in the town.,8.All _ we can do is to study
26、hard.,that,9.The first one _ stands up is a,that,little boy.,who/that,1.I have a friend _ likes listening to,classical music.,2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the,which/that,new dress _ I gave her.,3.,The man _ leg broke in a,whose,match used to be a football player.,which/that,4.My parents live in a h
27、ouse_,is more than 100 years old.,whom,5.The boy with _ John spoke is,my brother.,which/that,6.Kevin is reading a book _,is too difficult for him.,that,7.Is there anything _ you want,to buy in the town.,that,8.All _ we can do is to study hard.,that,9.The first one _ stands up is a,little boy.,who,10
28、.The person _ you should write to is Mr Ball.,whom,11.The teacher from _ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu.,who/whom,12.The runner _ you are asking about is over there.,who/whom,13.The girl _ you are looking for is in the classroom.,that,14.The meeting _ we shall take part in will be held,in a hotel.,which,
29、15.The factory _ I worked in for over two years,has been closed.,that,16.The airport _ is 30 kilometres away is the only one in,the city,who,17.The person _ won the race was a woman from Sichuan.,Match the two sentences,1.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates.,Im reading a book that/which i
30、s about Bill Gates.,_,2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese.,He is a teacher who/that teaches us Chinese.,_,3.I dont like the man.He is smoking.,I dont like the man who is smoking.,_,4.Where is the picture?You bought it last week.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,_,1.,这就是救了
31、那个孩子命的医生,.,This is the doctor who saved the boys life.,2.,正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔,.,The man who is running is my uncle,.,3.,我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐,.,I like the music that I can sing along,with.,4.,住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师,.,The woman who lives next door is a,teacher.,Learn to make a summary,主句,1.,两个句,子,2.,两个词,定语,从句,从句,先行词,关系代词,关系代词,3.,先行作出两决定,从句谓语动词形式,4.,两类只用莫相忘,1.,只用,that,不用,which,（,5,）,2.,只用,which,不用,that,（,2,）,Thank you for,listening!,
