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1、学科代码：050201 学 号： 2008404016 本科毕业论文（设计）题目：Discussion on the Cultivation of the Middle School Students English-communicative Ability学 院： 外国语学院 专 业： 英 语 班 级：2008级本科(1)班 学生姓名： 指导教师： 2012年 4月 22 日Discussion on the Cultivation of the Middle School Students English-communicative Ability in PanxinAbstract:
2、we just study a kind of language for the purpose of communicating with others. English linguist Hallydays analyzes the language from the perspective of functional grammar, and believes that language is a form of “doing”, instead of “knowing”. That is to say, spoken language is very important. Oral c
3、ommunicative information content and degree of importance can not be replaced with the written expressions. It makes a great contribution to the cultivation of English-communicative ability. And many students in middle school can not communicate with others because of many factors. So in the papar,
4、the author analyzes the factors of causing English-communicative barriers in Panxin Middle School. Put forward some suggestions for cultivating the students English-communicative ability in Panxin Middle School. During research process, the author used some research methods such as interview-talking
5、 and questionnaire survey, analyzing statistics and document study. The study of cultivating communicative competence in English is active. Gu Jianping put forward the task project “Strengthen the Language-Communicative Ability in English”, and the achievement is that the students have more interest
6、 in learning English than before, and improve the students English learning ability. Zheng Ling put forward “Fashional Spoken English Study”, and the achievement is that the students who participated in this topic make some progress both in English-communication and in the grammar. “Improving Middle
7、 School Students Oral English-communicative Ability”, mainly study from thinking-strengthening aspect to improve ability of English-communication and so on. The study of these subjects give a great help for the author of the paper on how to cultivate the students communicative ability in English .Ke
8、y words: English-communicative ability; middle school English teaching; communicative barriers; cultivation of English-communicative abilityContents I.Introduction.1II. The Measures to Develop the Students English-communicative Ability.32.1 Expanding the Basic Knowledge.32.2 Doing Some Teaching Acti
9、vities.4 2.2.1 Classroom English.42.2.2 After-class Activities.52.3 Cultivating Studentss Study Interest.52.4 Improving Teaching Equipment.62.5 Exchange Policy.62.6 English Spoken Countrys Culture Teaching.72.6.1 Showing Thanks.8 2.6.2 Receiving and Giving a Gift.9 2.6.3 Greetings. .9 2.6.4 Making A
10、pology.10 2.6.5 Taboo and Modesty.11 2.6.6 Compliment and Modesty.11III. Conclusion.12Acknowledgement.X References.141.IntroductionEnglish teaching in middle school has become more and more important with the development of our society and technology. With the development of reform and open policy,
11、communicating with foreigners especially people who from English speaking countries has become more and more frequent and wide. Therefore, to cultivate the middle school students English-communicative ability is one of the goals of English teaching. But in Panxin, many middle schools just pay more a
12、ttention to the students scores, not ability, which leads to many problems in English teaching. English commnunicative competence is the measure of an overall quality of the most practical and important conditions, and also is one of the social demands for talents. Deng Xiaoping once put forward: “
13、Education should be oriented towards the modernization, facing the world and facing the future.” The future is the era of high technology, and the future is no national boundaries. English is the official language of the united nations, and English learning is a kind of inevitable trend, so, good co
14、mmunicative habit will become a persons precious wealth for the whole life. But for a long time, English teaching in China has been more time-consuming and result-less situation, especially in rural middle school English teaching. Due to many limitations, students in the class can not reach to the t
15、rue language environment, in addition to the weekly limited several sections of English class, there is little chance to put what they have learned in the class into practice. Listening practice in class is not enough. Students do not have enough opportunities to practice English, and with the lack
16、of basic knowledge, which leads that students find it difficult to open mouth, and coherent expression is more difficult. The more they are afraid of English, the more they dare not to speak. The more they do not speak, the more they can not speak. And these lead to vicious spiral. This kind of dumb
17、-English makes students lack of communicative language ability. Therefore, do well in rural English teaching has been imminent. As the rural middle school teachers of English, must improve knowledge, enhance sense of responsibility, and strive to improve the students oral English. School leaders and
18、 students should try their best to cultivate the English-communicative ability in the English study and English teaching in the middle school，and improve English teaching quality in the middle school for the purpose of further studying English in the future, make more contribution to the progress an
19、d development of our society，and meet the needs of our countrys reform and open policy.2.The Measures to Develop the Students English-communicative Ablity2.1 Expanding the Basic KnowledgeFirst, junior high students or senior high students（especially junior high students）,they just began to study Eng
20、lish , so ,to enlarge the quantity of English words is very important and necessary. According to an investigation in the Panxin National Middle School in Songtao county Guizhou province, it finds that many students in the middle school can not communicate with foreign people because of the shortage
21、 of words, they can not say what they want to say without enough English words. Even sometimes they use Chinese to substitute English. So, as a teacher , should try his best to help students to memerize more words. And as a student, should enlarge your vocabulary with the help of your teachers and o
22、ther students.Second , junior high students should pay more attention to the meaning of words if they want to communicate with people who are in English speaking countries and understand what other people say. The meaning of a word is the most important part of a word and also is necessary process o
23、f communicating with others fluently. And there are many synonyms, polysems and homonyms in English words.Third, to understand the uses of words is important. There is its own uses in each words, so, to understand the uses of words is to make sure that you can intensify your English-communicative ab
24、ility and achieve the goal of learning English. In Panxin National Middle School, though many junior high students know many English words, they do not know how to use them. And they also do not know that they can use these English words to make conversations with foreign people. I just can remember
25、 , in 2007, that there was an American teacher coming to Panxin National Middle school, the school leaders asked some top students to welcome this American teacher. But in the communication, there ware a lot of awkward situations. Just there was a student saying to a American teacher like this,“we w
26、ill eat rice in the school canteen at eleven oclock.”“eat rice”seems to be right, but “eat” can not use with “rice” in English. Ok, the main factor is that how to use words they have learned. So, as a English teacher , you not only teach the meanings , sounds, spellings of new words, but also should
27、 put much more emphasis on the uses of new words. On the other hand，students should understand the uses of each words and use them correctly.Fourth, correct pronounciation is more important for you to communicate with others in English. For example,if you read a word“bike” as /bi:k/, few people can
28、understand what you say.Fifth, for a English learner in Panxin, grasping English grammar and English sentence structure is also one of ways to improve English-communicative ability. There is its own sentence structure in each kind of language, and we call it as English grammar in English. We can com
29、bine the words to communicate with others with the help of English grammar. If you do not have the better understanding of English grammar, too more English words that you have is no use at all when you need to use them to communicate with other people.2.2 Doing Some Teaching ActivitiesFor a long ti
30、me, English teaching way was single, only paid more attention to the teaching in the class,and not put much emphases on the extracurricular teaching or after-class activities. And only used the teaching pattern of“teachers teach, students learn”, ignored the students independence, just paid attentio
31、n to teaching language knowledge, not paid more attention to the actual use of the language. These lead to a lot of problems in English, such as poor communication , poor scores and so on. So , we must cultivate the English-communicative ability by changing teaching ways or doing much more teaching
32、activities.2.2.1 Classroom EnglishClassroom English makes students put themselves into the actual language environment, and improve their English-communicative ability. Language acquisition theory puts that human beings have an innate Language Acquisition Device(LAD) when they were born, and only ch
33、ildren put themselves into language environment, can they acquire language without any difficulties. For a long time, teacher , student, teaching material and teaching environment are four factors in the teaching activities, but we just pay more attention to the former three, regardless of the teach
34、ing environment. In fact, language environment plays an important role in the English teaching, especially in the espect of communication. So ,teachers should use English to teach students in the class rather than Chinese, which makes students get a lot of language materials and improve the students
35、 communicative ability. For example, teachers should usually use class expressions and class English words, such as good morning/afternoon/evening, open your book, turn to page3, sit down, please, thank you very much and so on. Teacher repeat these expressions many a time by gestures,expressions and
36、 actions and students can understand and speak gradually.2.2.2. After-class ActivitiesAs we can know, classroom is an important place where we can get knowledge. And after-class activities are the extensions of classroom activities, but also one of the main ways we can get knowledge and put what we
37、have learned in the class into practice, which can improve the students English-communicative ability. So, teachers should encourage and guide students to take part in all kinds of English activities such as English lecture, competition, games, English corner and so on. In 2005, a foreign teacher ha
38、d several classes in Panxin National Middle School. He took their students to play basketball on the playground when he was teaching lesson3-My Favourite Sports. In a few days, students can use English to process simple communication, but they can not make progress with the score. So, many teachers
39、neglect the after-class activities and lead students to be “dumb-English learner”.2.3 Cultivating Studentss Study InterestMany study-strategy researchers believe that study-interest is an inner power stimulating students to study, and is also one of factors that influence the efficiency of the study
40、. Panxin is a small town in Songtao county Guizhou province, which is a far-undeveloped area. And many students here in middle school are mostly from rural areas, and their concepts of accepting education is behind. And lack of interest leads to be poor at English. So, it is much more significant to
41、 develop the interest of English-learning. According to the facts, there are a lot of ways stimulating students to study. Just as follows:First, English games. Game, as a kind of learning way, came into being more earlier than class teaching. The students study English through games, which makes the
42、m learn and grasp language during the entertainment. Second, transfer space. Many a time, teachers take lessons in the class, and class is a stable place for teaching activities, which makes students feel boring and uninteresting. Therefore, according to different teaching materials, teacher can tak
43、e students to different place, such as playground, shopstore, library and so on. This can not only improve their study interest and intensify the desire of learning, but also put them into the real social environment ,improve the ability of solving actual problems and cultivate their abilities of us
44、ing English to communicate.Third, using tongue twister properly. English tongue twister is a kind of intelligent activity that is made up of many polysems and homonyms which is helpful to trigger students curiosity and interest. For example, “When a doctor doctors another doctor, does he doctor the
45、doctored doctor the way the doctored doctor wants to be doctored, or does he doctor the doctored doctor the way the doctoring doctor wants to doctor the doctored doctor.” If you put this tongue twister into class, students wound not feel boring and dull in the English class, and prompt their attenti
46、on and improve the efficiency of their English study.Fourth, English songs. In 2007, a suvey conducted by a learner shows that music can trigger the cell of brain and improve the study interest.English teachers can modify teaching contents that students need to grasp into English songs that match wi
47、th tune and then teach it to students.2.4 Improving Teaching EquipmentIt is said that teaching equipment to students is just as arms to soldiers. Whether teaching equipment is good or not, which directly or inderectly influences your study(especially spoken ability) is good or not. And because the area is relatively remote which makes students can not connect with foreign people and also can not contact the authentic pronounciation of English, and we can achieve it thro
