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1、临床执业医师考试大纲复习生物化学名师辅导讲义第一篇 生物化学第1章 蛋白质的结构与功能考纲要求氨基酸与多肽：氨基酸的结构与分类，肽键与肽链。蛋白质的结构：一级结构概念，二级结构（-螺旋），三级和四级结构概念。蛋白质结构与功能的关系：蛋白质一级结构与功能的关系，蛋白质高级结构与功能的关系。蛋白质的理化性质：蛋白质变性。 复习要点一、氨基酸与多肽1氨基酸的结构与分类 组成人体蛋白质的氨基酸有20种，可分为5类（见下表）。待添加的隐藏文字内容32肽键与肽链 （1）肽键 肽或蛋白质多肽链中连接两个氨基酸的酰胺键称肽键。（2）肽 氨基酸通过肽键相连成肽。（3）寡肽 由10个以内氨基酸相连组成的肽称为寡肽
2、。（4）多肽 由10个以上氨基酸相连组成的肽称为多肽。（5）肽单元 参与肽键组成的6个原子（C1、C、O、N、H和C2）位于同一平面，C1和C2在平面上所处的位置为反式构型，此同一平面上的6个原子构成肽单元。其中，肽键的键长为0.132nm，介于CN的单键长（0.149nm）和双键长（0.127nm）之间，所以有一定程度双键性能，不能自由旋转。而C分别与N和CO相连的键都是典型的单键，可以自由旋转。正是由于肽单元上C原子所连的两个单键可以自由旋转，决定了两个相邻肽单元平面的相对空间位置。29C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B
3、6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFEDD1B6C87D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF95AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795A1AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFC91FE4CED1D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C87
4、95AD91AFE4CED1B6CD1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF8795AD9C91FE4CED1D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C87D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF5D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1
5、B6C8795AD29C91AFAD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFB6C8795AD29C91AFB6C8795AD29C91AFD1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFFE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFC8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C87
6、95AD29C91AFD1B6C8795AD9C91AFED1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1D91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFC91FE4CED1D1B6C871AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFC91FE4CED1D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6CD1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4
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11、E4CED1B6C8D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED15AD9C91D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFFE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFC8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFD1B6C8795AD9C91AFED1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED195AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C
12、D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF8795AD9C91FE4CED1D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C87D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF5D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFA
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16、6C8795AD29C91AF1AFD1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFD1BD1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFE4CED1B6C8795ADC6F554C62
