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1、English Translation of TCM Medical TermsUnit 1 A brief introduction to traditional Chinese medicine 1. traditional Chinese medicine 2 .syndrome differentiation and treatment 3. holism 4. correspondence between man and nature 5. returning to the original purity and simplicity/ returning to nature 6.
2、symptoms and signs 7. syndrome 8. dialectical materialism and historical materialism 9. side-effect/ adverse-effect 10. therapeutic effect/ efficacy/curative effect 11. diagnosis and treatment 12. symptomatology 13. integrated/ combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine 14.Miraculous Pivot 15
3、. Plain Questions 16. Huangdis Internal Classic 17. Treatise on Cold-damage and Miscellaneous diseases 18. Compendium of Materia Medica 19. A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 20.Essential Prescriptions for Emergencies 21 Supplement to Essential Prescriptions for Emergencies 22 Classic on Dif
4、ficult Issues of Medicine Unit Two Yin-yang Theory Unit 2 Yin-yang Theory1. the opposition and unity of yin and yang 2. restriction and transformation of yin and yang 3. excess/ predominance of yin leading to/ causing disorder of yang and excess /predominance of yang causing disorder of yin 4. inter
5、dependence of yin and yang 5. There would be impossible survival with solitary yin and vice versa. 6. waning and waxing of yin and yang 7. dynamic change 8. quantitative change 9. qualitative change 10. yin-yang figure/ Taiji figure 11. Excess of yin leading to deficiency of yang, or excess of yang
6、leading to deficiency of yin. 12. yin within yang, and yang within yin 13. materialism 14. dynamic balance 15. inter-transformation between yin and yang/mutual transformation of yin and yang 16. infinite divisibility of yin and yang 17. tissues and structure 18. physiological function 19. the opposi
7、tion and restriction of yin and yang 20. Severe cold will give birth to heat, and severe heat will give birth to cold. Unit 3 Ying -yang Theory in TCM 1. The lung has the function of dominating qi and controlling breath. 2. the balance/ equilibrium between yin and yang3. The harmony of yin and yang
8、ensures the harmonious life activities while the disassociation of yin and yang will exhaust essence, and eventually, death occurs. 4. healthy qi 5. pathogenic qi / pathogen/ pathogenic factor 6. cold deficiency syndrome /cold syndrome of deficiency 7. dry-heat syndrome 8. mutual impairment of yin a
9、nd yang / mutual detriment to yin and yang 9. deficiency of yin affecting yang or deficiency of yang affecting yin 10. Yin deficiency fails to control yin. 11. differentiation according to the eight principles Unit 4 Five Phase Theory 1. five phase theory / five elements theory 2. generating, genera
10、te /engendering 3. restraining , restrict , restriction 4 . restriction and transformation 5. overwhelming/ over-restriction /over-acting /subjugation 6. rebellion / counter-restriction/ reverse-restriction 7. Fire is characterized by flaming (up). 8. Wood is characterized by growing freely. 9. Wate
11、r is characterized by moistening and flowing downward. 10. Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping. 11. Metal is characterized by change. 12. five flavors, five colors, five growth and development , five seasons and five notes 13. five sense organs, five body constituents, five emotions an
12、d five voices 14. generated/ being generated generating/ to generate 15. restricted/ being restricted restricting/ to restrict 16 .The “generating” element is thought of as the “mother”. 17. The “generated element is as the “child”. 18. The disorder of mother-organ affecting/involving the child-orga
13、n; the disorder of child-organ affecting/ involving mother-organ 19. ecological equilibrium 20. mother-child relationship Unit 5 Five Phase Theory in TCM 1 The kidney stores vital essence. 2. The kidney controls water metabolism. 3. The heart-yang has warming function. 4.The liver has the function o
14、f smoothing and regulating flow of qi and blood. 25. Yang Heel Vessel Yang HV 26. Yin Link Vessel Yin LV 27. Yang Link Vessel Yang LV 28. tertiary collaterals 29. the superficial collaterals 30. the convergence of yang meridians31. Chong meridian/ Thoroughfare Vessel TV 32.To have an interior-exteri
15、or relationship 33.Transversely and longitudinally, the meridians and collaterals cross with each other in both the interior and exterior of the body. 34.transporting qi and blood and regulating yin and yang 35.the passage for pathogen transmission 36.transmitting needling sensation 37.regulating de
16、ficiency and excess conditions 38.meridian tropism of herbs Unit 7 Viscera Manifestations Theory 1. the theory of viscera manifestations 2.the five zang-organs the six fu-organs the extraordinary organs 3.the heart， the liver， the spleen ，the lung， the kidney 4. the stomach, small intestine, large i
17、ntestine, gallbladder, urinary bladder and triple energizers 5. Classic on Difficult Issues of Medicine 6. the brain, marrow, bones, blood vessels, gallbladder, and uterus 7. the dysfunction of viscera 8. the meridians and collaterals 9. the interior-exterior relationship 10. to transport and digest
18、 water and food 11. The kidney stores vital essence. 12. The liver stores blood. 13. the deficiency/ asthenic syndrome 14. .Excess syndrome of the zang-organ can be treated by purging the corresponding fu-organ. /The sthenia syndrome of zang-organs can be treated by purging the corresponding fu-orga
19、ns. 15. receiving 16. Deficiency syndrome of the fu-organ can be treated by reinforcing the corresponding zang-organ. /The asthenia syndrome of fu-organs can be treated by reinforcing the corresponding zang-organs. 17. syndrome differentiation and treatment 18. The internal organs are bound to give
20、outward manifestations. 19. Fu-organs function well when unobstructed. 20. Anger impairs the liver; over-joy impairs the heart; thought impairs the spleen; sorrow impairs the lung; fear impairs the kidney. Unit 8 The Five Zang Organs Section (A)1. control /govern/dominate/be responsible for/in charg
21、e of 2. opening into 3 having its outward manifestation on / flourishing on /some organs conditions are manifested/ reflected on 4.The heart controls blood and vessels.5 The tongue is the mirror of the heart. 6 the insufficiency of the heart blood 7. There is an interior-exterior relationship betwee
22、n the heart and small intestine. The spleen controls blood.8. rosy complexion 9. Liver qi is in communication with the eyes. 10. disharmony between the liver and spleen 11. The liver stores blood. 12. the liver-qi invading the stomach 13. stagnation of liver-qi 14. innate essence 15. acquired essenc
23、e 16. The kidney stores essence and controls human reproduction, growth and development. 17. The kidney controls the reception of qi. 18. The deficiency of kidney essence 19. metabolism 20. insomnia Unit 9 The Five Zang Organs Section (B) 1. The lung governs diffusion and depurative downbearing. 2.
24、The lung is a convergence of all the vessels. 3. The qi in autumn is in communication with the lung. 4. The lung dominates qi of the whole body. 5. the lung regulating the water passages 6. failure of the lung in dispersing and descending 7. The lung opens at the nose. 8. The lung has an exterior an
25、d interior relationship with the large intestine.9. the upper source of water 10. external pathogenic factors 11. getting rid of the stale and taking in the fresh. 12. food essence 13. governing transportation and transformation 14. The spleen controls blood. 15. The spleen dominates the muscles. 16
26、. the four extremities 17. The spleen opening at the mouth and flourishing on the lips 18. source of qi and blood 19. haemorrhage 20. The spleen has an exterior and interior relationship with the stomachUnit 10 The relationships among the Zang and Fu organs 1. Zang has an exterior and interior relat
27、ionship with fu organs. 2. fire of excess type in the heart meridian 3. Excess heat in the small intestine may ascend via its meridian to burn the heart 4. The meridians of the lung and large intestine are connected to form the interior-exterior relationship. 5. difficulty in defecation/in dischargi
28、ng faces6. asthmatic cough 7. The spleen governing transportation and transformation 8. fullness and distention in the epigastrium 9. The kidney is known as “the water zang viscus”, the bladder is known as “the water fu viscus”, 10. The urinary bladder governs storing and excreting urine. 11. The no
29、rmal/proper opening and closing of the bladder 12. The bladder has the power to control urination. 13. urinary incontinence 14. frequent urination stagnation of heat 15. alternating between states of fullness and emptiness 16. the dysfunction of the stomach in descent and that of the spleen in trans
30、portation and transformation 17. Purgative therapy plays a reinforcing role in treatment of dysfunction of the six fu-organs. 18. consumption of body fluid 19. causing overflow of bile and jaundice 20. separating the clear from the turbid Unit 11 Qi, Blood and Body Fluid 1. qi, blood, body fluid and
31、 vitality 2. primordial qi 3. pectoral qi 4. nutrient/nourishing qi 5. defensive qi 6. qi transformation 7. functional activities of qi 8. innate/congenital essence 9. congenital deficiency 10. consumption of primodial qi due to a prolonged illness 11. Pectoral qi is known as promoting qi 12. defend
32、ing the body against external pathogenic factors 13. Qi dominates warmth . 14. Qi produces blood. 15. Qi acts as the commander of blood, and blood as the mother of qi 16. Qi promotes the blood circulation. 17. Blood dominates nourishment and moisture. 18. Qi can consolidate body fluid. 19. acquired
33、essence 20. consolidating function of qi 21. getting rid of the stale and taking in the fresh 22. ascending, descending, entering and exiting 升、降、出、入23. Body fluid and blood have the same source. 24. Harmonious circulation of blood ensures the vigorous spirit 25. Those who suffer from blood loss har
34、dly perspire and those who perspire a lot have less blood than normal 26. Heavy loss of body fluid is followed by exhaustion of qi.Unit 12 Etiology1. etiology 2 six climatic pathogenic factors (six excesses) 3. six natural factors 4. vaccination 5. a life long immunity 6. improper diet 7. parasitolo
35、gy 8. internal damage by intemperance of the seven emotions 9. Excessive joy impairs the heart. 10. Excessive anger impairs the liver.11.Excessive thought impairs the spleen. 12.Excessive sorrow impairs the lung. 13. Excessive fear impairs the kidney.14. unhygienic diet 15. physical overstrain 16. m
36、ental overstrain 17.sexual overstrain 18. maladjustment of work and rest 19. incised wound 20. phlegm-fluid retention 21.impeded flow of blood 22.internal cause, external cause, and cause neither internal nor /endopathogens ,exophathogens, non-exoendopathogens 23 trauma 24. artificial immunity Unit
37、13 Pathogenesis external.1. pathogenesis 2. excess/sthenia; deficiency/asthenia 3. excess syndrome ;deficiency syndrome 4 complicated syndrome of excess and deficiency 5. excess complicated with deficiency 6. struggle between vital-qi (healthy qi) and pathogenic factors 7. Failure of healthy-qi in c
38、onquering pathogenic factors 8. domination of vital-qi over pathogenic factors 9. transforming from excess syndrome to deficiency one 10. relative excess (predominance) of yin or yang 11. relative decline (deficiency) of yin or yang 12. exhaustion of vital- essence resulting in deficiency syndrome 1
39、3. mutual consumption of yin and yang 14. yin deficiency involving (affecting) yang 15. mutual rejection between yin and yang 16. Yin is kept externally by yang-excess in the interior. 17. real cold syndrome with pseudo-heat symptoms 18. excess in reality with pseudo-deficiency symptoms 19. depletio
40、n of yin and yang 20. disorder of functional activities of qiUnit 14 General Description of TCM Diagnostics 1. diagnostics 2. clinical diagnosis 3. diagnostic methods 4. observation, auscultation and olfaction, inquiry, pulse-taking and palpation 5. complexion 6. constitution/physique 7. tongue cond
41、itions (conditions of the tongue); tongue fur (coating) 8. secretion (secreta) 9. excretion (excreta) 10. history of present illness (PI) (present illness) 11. past history (PH) 12. chief complaint (CC) 13. duration(course) of disease 14. menstruation/ menses 15. leucorrhea 16. pregnancy and deliver
42、y of baby 17. auscultation and olfaction 18. palpation and pulse-taking 19. to survey hard mass/lump 20 eight-principle syndrome differentiation/syndrome differentiation according to eight-principles 21 qi, blood and body fluid syndrome differentiation 22. visceral syndrome differentiation 23.six-me
43、ridian syndrome differentiation 24. triple-energizer syndrome differentiation 25 wei-qi-ying-xue differentiation 26. concept of holism 27 combination of four diagnostic methods/synthetic use of four diagnostic methods /four diagnostic methods in combination 28. combination of differentiation of dise
44、ase with syndrome differentiation/ combining disease differentiation with syndrome differentiation 29. differential diagnosis 30. pathological and physiological characteristics 31. location of disease nature of diseaseUnit 17 TCM Life Cultivation 1. TCM life cultivation and rehabilitation 2. adaptat
45、ion to nature3.harmony between man and nature 4.adaptation to seasons 5. nourishing yang in spring and summer and yin in autumn and winter. 6. conforming to geography 7. conforming to society 8. One is always happy if one is content with ones lot. 9. unity of physique and spirit 10. simultaneous cul
46、tivation of spirit and physique 11.interdependence of motion and motionlessness 12. healthy qi as the base 13. Relative excess of qi and blood exists in the liver in spring 14.five emotions 15. health and longevity 16.holism 17. life cultivation and health care 18. tissues and organs 19. lost spirit
47、 20. regulation of the mind Unit 18 The Characters and Actions of Chinese Medicinals1. Chinese materia medica 2. pharmacology 3. four natures /properties and five flavors 4. a drug of cold nature / a drug cold in nature/ a cold-natured drug 5. clearing heat and purging fire 6. detoxication/ removing/ eliminating toxic substances 7. dispersing cold 8. warming up the interior 9. supporting/reinforcing yang 10. treating collapse/recuperating depleted yang to rescue patients from collapse 11. pungent, sweet, sour, bitter and salty 12. dispersing qi
