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1、Unit 1 Friendship,1.When it comes to.当谈到；就而论When it comes to art I know nothing.说到艺术，我是一窍不通。No one matches him when it comes to swimming谈到游泳，没有人比得过他。,日积月累,晨读狂背写作模板,类型：如何提建议。典例：给交友有困难的同学提建议。模板：Im sorry you are having trouble in making friends.However,the situation is easy to change if you take my adv
2、ice.引出建议 Here are some tips to help you.,列举建议First,why not go and talk to people standing on their own?I agree this is difficult but that person may be lonely too.If you do this,I am sure you will soon have a new friend.Second，you can begin the conversation by asking about their likes and dislikes,(
3、理由)which will make you find people with the same interests.Finally，you should try to join in a discussion,(理由)letting people know how friendly you are.I hope you find these ideas useful.,引导建议可以用：Here are my suggestions on how to.Suggestions on.can be listed as follows.The ways for you to.can be sugg
4、ested as follows.,名师指津,列举建议可以用：first of all/first/to begin with；Second(ly)/then/besides/in addition/Whats more；finally/lastly/last but not least for one thing.and for another(thing),在列举的建议后常常会用起补充说明作用的分词短语、定语从句等说明提出此建议理由或原因。,词汇过关,1._ vt.不理睬;忽视2._ adj.不安的 vt.使不安3._ v.(使)平静 adj.平静的4._ vi.打雷 n.雷,雷声,thu
5、nder,ignore,upset,calm,5._ n.提示;技巧 vt.倾斜6._ vt.交换7._ n.项目;条款8._ n.窗帘;幕布9._ n.伙伴,合作者10._ adj.松的,tip,swap,item,curtain,partner,loose,11._ adj.感激的12._ adv.在户外13._ n.公路;大路14._ n.手提箱;衣箱15._ n.大衣;外套,grateful,outdoors,highway,suitcase,overcoat,(A)单词派生,power,powerful,点拨：某些名词加后缀-ful变为形容词。又如:care/careful,hope
6、/hopeful,use/useful,另外，表示“容量”的名词后面加上后缀-ful构成一个新的名词，表示满满的量。如:mouthful 一口，满口;bagful满袋;basketful一满篮;carful 一车之量;cupful 一杯之量，满杯。,_n.灰土,dust,dusty,点拨：某些名词加后缀-y构成形容词，表示“多的”“似的”，这类名词大多与气候有关。如:cloud/cloudy;rain/rainy;wind/windy;snow/snowy;storm/stormy;sun/sunny;fog/foggy;sand/sandy;hill/hilly(多山的，陡的);smoke/
7、smoky(多烟的);water/watery(多水的);ice/icy(似冰的,多冰的);blood/bloody(血的，流血的);silk/silky(丝一样的);wool/woolly(羊毛制的,似羊毛的);sleep/sleepy(想睡的);word/wordy(多言的),Germany,German,_ adj.德国的 n.德国人,_v.(使)定居;解决,settle,settler,v.遭受;忍受;经历,suffer,sufferer,suffering,点拨：某些动词后加-er，表示“的人”。如:teacher老师;driver司机;farmer农民；worker工人;singe
8、r歌唱家，歌手;prisoner 囚犯;trainer驯兽师，教练员;designer设计者;performer表演者;speaker 讲演者;listener收听者,听众;reader读者;winner 胜利者,优胜者;seller卖方;waiter 侍者,服务员;supporter 支持者，援助者;runner跑步者;swimmer 游泳者；,注意：cooker 不是“厨师”，而是“炊具”，“厨师”是cook；下列单词后加or：visitor访问者，游客，来宾actor男演员inventor发明者。,murderer 凶手；learner学习者；cleaner清洁工人，清洁剂；garden
9、er园丁，花匠；banker银行家；Londoner伦敦人；villager 村民。,_v.痊愈;恢复;重新获得,recover,recovery,点拨：在某些形容词、动词后加-y构成抽象名词。如，discovery 发现；inquiry询问；injury伤害；difficulty困难。,_ adj.完全的,整个的,entire,entirely,_ adj.准确的;精确的,exactly,exact,点拨：某些形容词后直接加-ly变成副词，又如:quick/quickly；polite/politely；wide/widely。但若以y结尾的，先将y改成i再加ly，如happy/happil
10、y。若以b le结尾的，把e变y，如possible/possibly；但true/truly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly 等。,_vi.同意,disagree,agree,_n.&vt.喜欢,dislike,like,点拨：某前缀dis-表示否定意义。如:disorder骚乱，失调；discover发现；disarm 解除武装，裁军；disable 使丧失能力；disadvantage 不利条件；disappear 从视线中消失；discourage使失去勇气，使泄气。,(B)灵活运用1.Being polite is the first and most importan
11、t step to develop good relationship among friends.Polite words can be easy yet very _(power)in our daily life.,解析：与形容词easy一起作be的并列表语，因此，填形容词形式。,powerful,2.Recently we have had a discussion about whether parents should accompany their children in their study.Nearly 70%of us _(agree)since it makes us
12、fall into the habit of dependence，so that we wont form the good habit of studying.,解析：缺谓语，依然填动词；又由后面“(陪读)会使我们形成依赖的习惯，不会养成良好的学习习惯”可知，这将近70%的人是“不同意”父母陪读的。,disagree,3.It is miserable to see those patients _ from poverty and disease and we all want to do something to release these _ from their_（suffer）.
13、,解析:第一空是现在分词作宾补(see sb.doing)；第二空是名词，指“受难者”，作release的宾语；第三空是名词“痛苦”，作介词from的宾语。,suffering,sufferers,suffering,4.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very _(dust)windows.,解析:在名词前作定语，用形容词形式。,dusty,5.According to the survey，80%of the students were quite satisfied with i
14、t，while 15%_(like)it and 5%had no opinion.,解析:有主语和宾语，应缺谓语，应填动词;由表示转折或对比关系的while(而)可知，此动词的意思与“were quite satisfied with(非常满意)”相反，应为“不喜欢(dislike)”；又由前面的were和后面的had可知，用一般过去式。,disliked,1._合计2._(使)平静;(使)镇定3._ 遭受;患病4._ 参加(活动)5._ 经历;经受,add up,calm down,suffer from,join in,go through,6._ 将某物装箱打包7._ 关心;挂念8._
15、 对十分狂热/痴迷9._ 对厌烦10._ 与相处;进展,pack sth.up,be concerned about,be crazy about,get tired of,get along with,11._(与)相爱;爱上12._ 与无关13._ 故意14._ 在黄昏时刻15._ 一连串;一系列,fall in love(with),be nothing to do with,on purpose,at dusk,a series of,16._ 面对面地17._ 碰巧做某事18._不再19._ 记下;放下;登记20._ 为了,in order to,face to face,happe
16、n to do sth.,no longer/not any longer,set down,李老师是一个工作狂。2.她对我们学生非常关心。3.我们跟她相处非常融洽。,We get along very well with her.,Miss Li，is crazy about her work.,She is very concerned about us students.,4.我英语不好，曾有一次课堂上看与学习无关的书。5.她碰巧发现此事。6.她找我面对面地谈心。,I was not good at English.I once read a book that was nothing
17、to do with my study.,She talked to me face to face.,She happened to discover it.,7.为了让我喜欢上英语，她不厌其烦地告诉我如何学好英语。8.她鼓励我用英语写日记，记下所见所闻。9.我不再害怕英语。,In order to make me fall in love with English,she never got tired of telling me how to learn English well.,Im not afraid of English any longer.,She encouraged m
18、e to keep a diary in English to set down what I saw and what I heard.,合并：Miss Li，with whom we get along very well,is crazy about her work and is very concerned about us students.Once I read a book that has nothing to do with my study in class,which she happened to find.After class she talked to me f
19、ace to face，and she didnt get tired of telling me how to learn English well in order to make me fall in love with English.,She also encouraged me to keep a diary in English to set down what I saw and what I thought.With the help of her,I have made great progress in English,so I am not afraid of it a
20、ny longer.,1.Your friend comes to school very upset.你的朋友来上学，心情非常不好。(BI P1)句中upset是形容词作补语,表示主语的状态，意为“心烦的,不高兴的(unhappy，sad,worried)”。现将其主要用法归纳如下：,upset sb.使某人生气/心烦upset sth.弄翻某物be upset with sb.对某人生气be upset about sth.为某事感到心烦,说明：upset的过去式和过去分词与原形相同；upset为表语形容词。,运用 用适当的词填空或根据中文提示完成句子。He _(将杯子弄翻了)and th
21、e coffee went all over the floor.His cheating in the exam _(使他的老师生气).,upset the cup,upset his teacher,If I catch you doing that again,Ill be very upset_ you.He didnt finish the work on time，and he was very upset _ it.,about,with,2.You will ignore the bell and go somewhere to calm your friend down.你会
22、无视铃声，然后去一个安静的地方使你朋友冷静下来。(BIP1)句中ignore是及物动词，意为“忽视，不顾，不理睬”。,句中calm是及物动词，意为“使平静，镇静”；此外，还可作形容词，表示“冷静的，平静的”。常用搭配有：,运用 根据中文提示完成下列句子。I said hello to her,but she_(不理睬我)completely!You cant _(忽视这个事实)that China is still a developing country.Please_(冷静下来)and let me know what has happened.,ignored me,ignore the
23、 fact,calm down,The doctor has given her some pills _(使她镇静下来).I tried to _(保持冷静).I knew that worrying wouldnt help me find a solution.,stay/keep calm,to calm her down,3.Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you，or would not understand what you are going through.或者你害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者害怕你朋友不明白你正在
24、经历什么？(B1 P2),go through 经历(困难，痛苦);检查get through通过;接通电话,运用 根据中文提示完成下列句子。One can be strong,brave and faithful after all these hardships he _(经所经历的).He would _ _(为祖国赴汤蹈火).,go through fire and water for his country,has gone through,4.For example,one evening when it was so warm,I stayed awake on purpose
25、until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.例如，有天傍晚，天气很暖和，为了独自好好看看月亮，我故意熬夜到十一点半。(B1 P2),含purpose的短语：,表目的几个句式：,on purpose 故意with/for the purpose of 为了的目的,in order to(do)为了(可位于句首)in order that(从句)为了(可位于句首)so as to(do)为了(不能位于句首)so that(从句)为了，结果(不能位于句首),运用 根据中文提示完成下列句子。She
26、seems to do these things_(故意)._(为了的目的)improving myself,Ill ask my classmates for some advice which may be of great value to me.,on purpose,With/for the purpose of,_(为了)achieve his goal，he started to work very hard.He started to work very hard_ _(为了)achieve his goal,in order to/so as to/in order that
27、 he could/so that he could,In order that he could/In order to,5.Ive got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows,”Anne said to her father.安妮对爸爸说:“我已经厌烦了透过脏窗帘和沾满灰尘的窗子观看大自然了。”(B1 P5),运用 用适当的词填空。Though Jack is often tired _ his job,he is never tired _ it.In fact,he enjoys it.
28、The teacher is not good at teaching.No wonder the children grow bored _ his lesson.,with,from,of,6.to join in discussions and show interest in other peoples ideas.去参加讨论并对别人的观点感兴趣。(BI P7),join in 参加(某项活动)join sb.(in sth./doing sth.)和某人一起做某事join the army/the party入伍参军/入党attend the meeting 参加会议attend t
29、he lecture 听演讲报告,运用 根据中文提示完成下列句子。All the senior students are welcome to _(参加)the contest.The first five winners will be given prizes.And whats more，she is going to _(和我们一起)in an informal discussion tomorrow evening.,join us,join in/take part in/participated in,1.I can well remember that there was a
30、time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。(B1 P2),句型积累,句型：There was a time when.曾经有段时间,仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。曾经有段时间弟弟非常厌倦学习。_ my younger brother _.我曾一度对一些琐事感到很烦恼。_ some small things.,There was a time when
31、I was upset about,There was a time when,was very tired of study,2.I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.黄昏时刻我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。(BI P2),句型：happen to do.when.当的时候碰巧,说明：表示“碰巧做某事”也可用It happens/happened that.句型。,仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。当我给他打电话的时候，碰巧他父母都出去了。_ his parents were out _.一天正在参观颐和园时碰巧遇上了李平
32、。One day I _ Li Ping when I was visiting the Summer Palace.,happened to meet,It happened that,when I called him,3.I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut.直到不得不关窗时，我才下楼。(BI P2),句型:not.until 直到才,说明:1.倒装式：not until放在句首，主句要半倒装;2.强调式：It is not until.that.。,仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。直到他回来，妈妈才去睡觉。His mot
33、her_ until he got back.直到那时,我才真正意识到朋友的重要性。_ I really realize the value of friends.,Not until then did,didnt go to bed,4.It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。(BI P2),句型：it is the first time that.have/has done这是某人第一次做某事,说明：其中的it可用this或that替代；fi
34、rst可改为second，third.等；当is改为was时，从句中的have改为had。比较：It is time that sb.did sth.是某人该做某事的时候了(=It is time for sb.to do sth.)。,仿写:完成句子或用所给词的适当形式填空。这是我第一次来到这里。_ 这个短语已经第三次出现在我们的练习中,所以老师要求我们一定要掌握。It is the third time that the phrase_(appear)in our exercises,so our teacher asks us to master it.,has appeared,It
35、was the first time that I had been here.,5.Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them.虽然我努力去跟我的同学交谈，但我依然觉得跟他们成为好朋友是很困难的。(BI P7),仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。我觉得很容易与他相处。I find _.,it easy to get along with him,她觉得很难在某个藏身之处定居并安定下来，因为她担心他们是否会被发现。She _ to settle and _ in
36、 the hiding place，because she was concerned _ whether they would be discovered.,about,found it difficult,calm down,1.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都如此狂热。(BI P2),结构分析
37、:I wonder是主句的主语和谓语，if引导一个_从句;在这个_ 从句中its.that.是强调结构,被强调的成分是because引导的原因状语从句。,宾语,宾语,顺便说说：since和as引导的原因状语从句，是不能用于it is.that强调结构中的。grow crazy about变得对无比狂热 everything to do with与有关的一切,注：书中无,2.Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这
38、些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。,结构分析：Its no pleasure.是主句，because引导一个原因状语从句，在这个原因状语从句中that引导的是_从句。,定语,顺便提提：,Its a pleasure doing/to do sth.做某事是一件快乐的事。Its no pleasure doing sth.做某事不是快乐的事。,注：书中无,三、语篇运用 用上述句式完成下列短文。我曾一度对一些锁事感到很烦恼。我收拾好东西去了北京。这是我第一次来到这里。一天正在参观颐和园时碰巧遇上了李平。我觉得跟他很容易相处。同他在一起聊天是件快乐的事。我们很快成了好朋友。正是因为有了这
39、样一个朋友，我才不再烦恼也不再感到孤独。直到现在，我才 真正意识到朋友的重要性。,注：书中无,There was a time when I was upset about some small things.I packed up my things and went to Beijing.It was the first time that I had been there.One day I happened to meet Li Ping when I was visiting the Summer Palace.I found it easy to get along with hi
40、m.It was a pleasure to be together with him，chatting.Soon we became good friends.It was because I had such a friend that I wasnt upset and didnt feel lonely any longer.Not until then did I really realize the value of friends.,I wonder if it is because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long 1_
41、 I have grown so crazy about everything to do 2_ nature.I can well remember that there was a time 3_ a deep blue sky,the song of the birds,moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.Thats changed since I was there.,课文回顾,that,with,when,For example,one evening when 4 _ was so warm,I sta
42、yed awake on purpose 5_ half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by 6_.But as the moon gave far too much light,I didnt dare open a window.Another time five months ago,I happened to be upstairs until the window had to be shut.,it,until,myself,The dark,7_(rain)evening,the wind,the thu
43、ndering clouds held me entirely 8 _ their power;it was the first time in a year and a half that I 9 _(see)the night face to face.Sadly.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains 10_(hang)before very dusty windows.,rainy,in,had seen,hanging,指导:写概要，首先要明确文章的主题，明确文章主题的关键是准确寻找主题句。本文以两个疑问句开头，
44、随后的回答便是主题句。因此，本文的主题句是第一段最后一句:Anne Frank wanted the first kind,so she made her diary her best friend.(安妮想要一个可以倾诉一切的朋友,她把日记作为她最好的朋友)接着分析原因:为什么Anne把diary当作最好的朋友？(Jewish，hide away，no true friend),注：书中无,所选这篇安妮日记的主题是什么？最能体现本日记主题的是第一段第1句(Ive grown so crazy about.nature)和最后一段的最后一句(nature is one thing that r
45、eally must be experienced)。也就是，表达了对大自然的渴望。,注：书中无,参考范文 Annes family，Jewry，was forced to hide away to escape from the German Nazis during World War II，during which Anne made her dairy her best friend，expressing her feelings and thoughts，including her eagerness for nature.,语法归纳1.名词的概念。名词就是表示人、事物、地点、现象及
46、其它抽象概念等的名称的词。它分为普通名词和专有名词，专有名词是指具体人物、地点、组织、机构、国家或地区的名称等。,语法活用,2.名词的分类。,可数名词有单、复数的区分，当数量大于一时，就要用复数形式。根据汉语提示，完成下列句子：After he had two potatoes and three_(西红柿)for his breakfast,he went to two different _(公司)to buy ten _(盒)of_(钢笔)and two boxes of_(小刀).,3.名词的数。,tomatoes,companies,boxes,pens,knives,名词变复数，一
47、般情况下直接加s;以-s，-x，-sh，-ch结尾，加es；以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加es；以f或fe结尾的常用名词，把f或fe改为ves；以o结尾的名词，一般加s，但hero，negro，tomato，potato却要加es。,归纳总结：,The two _(过路人)with no _(脚)and legs，who were_(成年人)，found that two_(女教师)，together with a group of _(小孩)，were running after a few_(老鼠)and_(棉羊).,sheep,passers-by,feet,grown-ups,wo
48、men teachers,children,mice,归纳总结：,含man的名词,一般变man为men,但GermanGermans;将oo改为ee的有footfeet,toothteeth,goosegeese等;复数以en结尾的有childchildren,oxoxen等;将ouse改为ice的有mousemice,louselice(虱子)等;单复数同形的有sheep,deer，fish，aircraft(飞机),means,works(工厂),Swiss,Japanese,Chinese等;合成词中有主体名词的只变主体名词，如passers-by,fathers-in-law，没有主体
49、名词的,直接在词尾加s,如grown-ups。,4.名词的所有格。翻译下列短语：_汤姆的父亲_教师办公室_狄更斯(Dickens)的小说,Toms father,the teachers office,Dickens novels,_汤姆和约翰的朋友_理发店_我叔叔的家_今天的新闻_ 那本书的封面,the cover of the book,Tom and Johns friends,the barbers(shop),my uncles(house),Todays news,归纳总结：有生命的人或物的所有格一般用“s”表示，若是以s结尾的名词后只加“”。注意:若是几个人共有的，在最后一个姓名
50、后加s;在表示店铺或某人的家时，所有格后的名词常省略；表示时间、距离、金额、重量、天体、国家或城市等的名词也用s表示。有生命的人或物的所有格有时也可用of表示。如the story of an old man(一个老人的故事)。无生命的东西的所有格一般用of表示。,5.不可数名词的特点。没有复数形式。前面不可直接用不定冠词、数词，或few,many等。表示数量要借助单位词。如a piece of advice(一条建议)。,转化:有的不可数名词可转化为可数名词,如,表示种类时：various steels(各种钢);表示具体的人或事物时:success(成功的人或事)等;表示“一场/段/件”时
